Deck 1: Human Geography: A Cultural Approach

Question 1

The core focus of human geography is:

A) identifying places on a map
B) understanding regional similarities
C) describing cultural practices
D) relationships between people and spaces

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Geographic information systems and remote sensing are examples of:

A) spatial modeling
B) visualization tools
C) theoretical perspectives
D) humanistic geography

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The word culture describes:

A) a means of communicating beliefs, practices, and values
B) the interactions between humans and their environments
C) the methods used to navigate between different places
D) traditional practices of indigenous peoples around the world

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Clothing, religious rituals, and food are examples of:

A) environmental determinism
B) cultural practices
C) globalization
D) spatial patterns

Question 5

Understanding the political, economic, and cultural effects of the distribution of Catholicism around the world is a way to examine:

A) spatial modeling
B) ecological systems
C) cultural landscapes
D) spatial patterns

Question 6

Which is NOT a part of culture?

A) genetics
B) ideology
C) technology
D) livelihood

Question 7

Understanding how human cultures interact with their environment reflects a(n):

A) spatial perspective
B) physical environment
C) ecological perspective
D) environmental determinism

Question 8

Culture is:

A) instinctive behavior
B) inherited, individual behavior
C) genetically derived group behavior
D) learned, collective behavior

Question 9

Which would NOT be studied by human geographers?

A) religion
B) language
C) government
D) anatomy

Question 10

Which would NOT be studied by physical geographers?

A) climate
B) terrain
C) government
D) vegetation

Question 11

Which is NOT an accurate definition of culture?

A) the complete population of a given county, state, or country
B) a dynamic mix of symbols, beliefs, speech, and practices; a distinctive group identity
C) the local, customary way of doing things (a "way of life")
D) a total way of life held in common by a people, including technology and government

Question 12

The social activities and interactions, ranging from religious rituals to food and clothing preferences, that collectively distinguish group identity are called:

A) cultural traits
B) cultural exhibits
C) cultural practices
D) cultural taboos

Question 13

A cultural approach to human geography would study all of the following EXCEPT:

A) the ways in which culture is expressed and symbolized on the built landscape
B) the ways in which language, religion, economy, and government vary or remain constant from place to place
C) how people function spatially and identify with place and region
D) how culture remains primarily a divisive force in a multicultural society

Question 14

In order to investigate the spatial pattern of wheat production in the world, a geographer would investigate:
1) climate and soil characteristics
2) available technology
3) cultural preferences
4) food taboos
5) government policies

A) 1 only
B) 1 and 2
C) 3, 4, and 5
D) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5

Question 15

-Based on the figure, which statement is NOT true?

A) All continents, except Antarctica, contain both major and minor wheat-producing areas.
B) In Africa, the only major wheat-producing area is found in Egypt.
C) More of western Australia is used for producing wheat than eastern Australia.
D) Wheat production in South America is found solely in the southern portion of the continent.

Question 16

-According to the figure, which African country is NOT home to a minor wheat-producing area?

A) Morocco
B) Botswana
C) South Africa
D) Tunisia

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of folk culture?

A) punk rockers in Japan
B) California sushi rolls
C) cowboys in the American West
D) Somali refugees in Kenya

Question 18

The hippies of the 1960s formed a distinct segment of American society that set itself up in opposition to what it perceived as the problems of the dominant culture. Hippies can be said to have composed a distinctive:

A) subculture
B) culture
C) enclave
D) nonmaterial culture

Question 19

Which would NOT be considered a subculture?

A) NASCAR
B) punks
C) Catholics
D) Hip-hop

Question 20

Folk cultures and indigenous cultures have what characteristic in common?

A) They are ingrained in the national identity of their host country.
B) They are associated with geographically isolated areas.
C) Practitioners are ingrained into mainstream society.
D) Their cultures are not reliant upon local materials.

Question 21

Airports that have museum exhibits specific to the history of the city or state in which they are located are attempting to overcome:

A) placelessness
B) popular culture
C) folk culture
D) nonmaterial culture

Question 22

The wide range of beliefs, values, myths, and symbolic meanings of a culture form its:

A) nonmaterial culture
B) material culture
C) subculture
D) diaspora culture

Question 23

Which is NOT an element of nonmaterial culture?

A) myths
B) values
C) beliefs
D) buildings

Question 24

Which is an example of nonmaterial culture?

A) house types
B) eating utensils
C) clothing
D) myths

Question 25

In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the United States, which was seen as a symbol of the American national character?

A) the railroad worker
B) the cowboy
C) the shopkeeper
D) the farmer

Question 26

Which concept suggests that a country's population possesses a set of recognizable characteristics or traits that characterize the "core" traits of that country?

A) urban culture
B) national culture
C) national character
D) folk culture

Question 27

A folk culture is NOT likely to be:

A) conservative
B) homogeneous
C) steeped in tradition
D) culturally diverse

Question 28

A(n) _____ culture is one composed of self-identified tribal peoples whose social, cultural, and economic conditions distinguish them from the national society of the country in which they live.

A) folk
B) indigenous
C) rural
D) national

Question 29

Indigenous peoples are often the descendants of the people who lived in a state or territory prior to:

A) the Renaissance
B) colonization
C) the twentieth century
D) the rise of slavery

Question 30

Which statement is NOT true of indigenous cultures?

A) They are the result of colonial efforts.
B) They are now minorities in their homelands.
C) They may share some of the material and nonmaterial characteristics that define folk cultures.
D) They typically provide the foundation for a national culture.

Question 31

Which statement is NOT true of popular culture?

A) The term was coined by the urban elite.
B) It focuses on specific, individual choices.
C) Its material culture tends to be mass-produced.
D) It was made possible by the invention of long-distance communication technologies.

Question 32

The presence of _____ in a downtown area may contribute to a sense of placelessness.

A) Walmart and McDonald's
B) a local hardware store
C) public parks
D) children

Question 33

-Which concept developed by Edward Relph is illustrated in this photo?

A) local consumption culture
B) leisure landscape
C) vernacular culture region
D) Placelessness

Question 34

The overall phenomenon responsible for the landscape shown in this photo is:

A) the influence of a continental or worldwide popular culture
B) the tendency for diasporic landscapes to be located in easily accessible areas
C) the lower mobility of people in an era of globalization
D) the presence of thriving folk cultures in large swaths of the United States and Canada

Question 35

In popular culture, authority tends to be:

A) religious
B) dispersed
C) secular
D) conservative

Question 36

A geographer who uses an imaginary situation or abstraction in an attempt to isolate causes is building a:

A) model
B) space vs. place distinction
C) map
D) cartogram

Question 37

A study that analyzes how sea level rise will impact small islands in the Pacific Ocean is looking at how a global process impacts regional places. This is an example of looking at:

A) spatial modeling
B) different spatial scales
C) environmental determinism
D) abstract space

Question 38

-According to this model, the elite residential sector lies:

A) in the periphery of the city
B) at the core of the city
C) along the spine leading to/from the central business district
D) in the zone of accretion

Question 39

-According to this model, housing for the poorest people is MOST likely to be found in Sector:

A) zone of maturity
B) elite residential sector
C) zone of accretion
D) zone of peripheral squatter settlements

Question 40

-According to the model shown here, middle-class housing is MOST likely to be found in Sector:

A) commercial/ industrial areas
B) elite residential sector
C) zone of peripheral squatter settlements
D) zone of accretion

Question 41

-According to the model shown here, the transitional area between the mature zone and the periphery is found in Sector:

A) spine
B) elite residential sector
C) zone of peripheral squatter settlements
D) zone of accretion

Question 42

Which perspective on human geography tends to generalize diversity in an effort to reveal processes creating spatial patterns?

A) power and ideology
B) topophilia
C) model building
D) sense of place

Question 43

Understanding how people make meaning from experiences in places is a goal of:

A) spatial modeling
B) topophilia
C) the humanistic perspective
D) regionalism

Question 44

A geographer seeking to understand why people are reserved and quiet at memorials would be examining:

A) power and ideology
B) topophilia
C) model building
D) sense of place

Question 45

A community protest against a proposal to build a highway nearby is trying to assert:

A) the meaning and value that people derive from place
B) a new spatial model to justify their opposition
C) the highway will only work at the state scale
D) that democratic processes are not appropriate at the local scale

Question 46

A geographer asking questions about why laws against loitering on sidewalks are only enforced on some people and not others is asking questions from a:

A) humanistic perspective
B) social theoretical perspective
C) regional perspective
D) spatial modeling perspective

Question 47

Human geographers with a social theoretical perspective ask questions about:

A) power and ideology
B) topophilia
C) model building
D) sense of place

Question 48

Human geographers who want to understand how power influences people of different races, genders, or class will commonly use methods such as:

A) literary texts and works of art
B) spatial models
C) interviews and surveys
D) cartography

Question 49

Latitude and longitude coordinates were invented to help people:

A) navigate across oceans
B) find a precise position on earth
C) locate the prime meridian
D) find the north and south poles

Question 50

The location of the prime meridian through Greenwich, England, represents:

A) 0° latitude
B) 0° longitude
C) 180° longitude
D) 180° latitude

Question 51

How many satellites are necessary for a GPS receiver to be precisely located in time and space?

A) 12
B) 4
C) 1
D) 5

Question 52

Which of the following is an example of absolute location?

A) 40.7128°N, 74.0060°W
B) South of Portland
C) 97477-5218
D) Near the St. Louis Arch

Question 53

When Google Maps is telling us which way to turn to find a destination, it is converting absolute location into:

A) a sense of place
B) geographic information systems
C) relative location
D) global positioning system

Question 54

Most of the images of urban areas on Google Maps are from:

A) satellite images
B) global positioning systems
C) aerial photographs
D) geographic information systems

Question 55

Which of the following types of data would be analyzed with a geographic information system?

A) voter demographics
B) sales figures at a store
C) road networks
D) household budgets

Question 56

The study of human geography is organized around these five geographical concepts or themes:

A) region, mobility, globalization, nature-culture, and cultural landscape
B) climates, soils, globalization, cultural landscape, and region
C) mobility, region, globalization, diplomacy, and cultural landscape
D) mobility, immigration, globalization, nature-culture, and cultural landscape

Question 57

Which is NOT a type of region recognized by human geographers?

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 58

A region inhabited by people who have one or more traits in common is a:

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 59

Which represents a functional region?

A) a region that grows pistachios
B) a region in which Welsh is spoken
C) a region showing the readership of a particular magazine
D) a region in which the descendants of American slaves live

Question 60

The number of formal regions recognized by geographers is:

A) zero
B) approximately 500
C) approximately 20,000
D) infinite

Question 61

Within a formal region, the cultural traits tend to be strongest:

A) at the core
B) in the periphery
C) on the outskirts
D) in the border zone

Question 62

Because cultures overlap and mix, formal region boundaries are often:

A) sharp
B) clearly delineated
C) geometric
D) fuzzy

Question 63

Which is NOT a formal region?

A) a corn-growing county in Iowa
B) a distribution network of the Washington Post
C) a Chinese community in California's San Gabriel Valley
D) the part of Russia called Siberia

Question 64

Formal regions typically exhibit:

A) a core-periphery pattern
B) well-defined boundaries
C) functional nodes
D) a set of culture traits with identical spatial patterns

Question 65

The hallmark of a formal region is cultural:

A) diversity
B) stratification
C) harmony
D) homogeneity

Question 66

The Amish people live mostly in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and the surrounding areas. The people of this religious group are known for their simple lifestyles and their rejection of modern conveniences. A map showing the distribution of Amish in Pennsylvania would help to define a(n):

A) vernacular region
B) urban region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 67

Which is NOT an example of a functional region?

A) religion
B) county
C) city
D) precinct

Question 68

Which type of region is organized to operate politically, socially, or economically as one unit?

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 69

State capitals and city halls are both examples of:

A) edges
B) nodes
C) peripheral architecture
D) border zones

Question 70

A region that is perceived to exist by its inhabitants is a:

A) formal region
B) functional region
C) vernacular region
D) cultural region

Question 71

Each state within the United States, and each province within Canada, can be considered a:

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) state region
D) functional region

Question 72

Which statement is NOT true of functional regions?

A) Their borders may or may not be clearly defined.
B) Their interpretation varies widely.
C) They generally do not coincide spatially with formal culture regions.
D) They are concrete rather than abstract entities.

Question 73

The pattern of church attendance and the distribution area of a first-run film are:

A) formal regions
B) functional regions
C) relocation regions
D) vernacular regions

Question 74

The "Midwest" and the "South" of the United States are best described as:

A) vernacular regions
B) urban regions
C) formal regions
D) functional regions

Question 75

-A city's downtown area, as pictured here for Denver, is often the _____ of a functional region.

A) edge
B) node
C) model
D) ecosystem

Question 76

At a basic level, the vernacular region grows out of:

A) people's sense of belonging to and identification with a specific region
B) cultural homogeneity
C) the nodes of a functional region
D) functional organization

Question 77

A culture region that is perceived to exist by its inhabitants is a:

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 78

In a large city with multiple neighborhoods at different elevations, one part of the city is located at a higher altitude, and the people living in that neighborhood call it The Hills. The Hills is an example of a:

A) vernacular region
B) continental region
C) formal region
D) functional region

Question 79

The spread of people, ideas, or things from one location to other locations where these items are not initially found is:

A) diffusion
B) interaction
C) ecology
D) teleology

Question 80

The migration of Europeans into the Western Hemisphere included those people introducing Christianity into the Americas, thereby illustrating the process of this type of diffusion.

A) stimulus
B) hierarchical
C) contagious
D) relocation