Deck 5: Social Influence

Question 1

Conformity and obedience are similar in that they both ______.

A) relate to a change in behaviour
B) relate to an implicit norm
C) relate to a direct order
D) all of these

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Social norms are a ______.

A) perceived uncommon standard associated with a group
B) perceived common standard associated with an individual
C) perceived uncommon standard associated with an individual
D) perceived common standard associated with a group

Answer 2

D

Question 3

One explanation for perceivers conforming to other peoples' judgements, especially when they are in an uncertain situation, is that they are behaving like ______.

A) a naïve scientist
B) a cognitive miser
C) a leader
D) none of these

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The presence of others can lead us to go along with the group norm, even though we might disagree with it. This statement is supported by the studies of ______.

A) Asch
B) Sheriff
C) Turner
D) all of these

Question 5

Conformity to a group norm that occurs as a way of gaining information is known as ______.

A) normative influence
B) audience influence
C) informational influence
D) factual influence

Question 6

Normative influence ______ a person's public attitude but it does NOT change their ______.

A) changes; group membership
B) changes; private attitude
C) destroys; private attitude
D) creates; group membership

Question 7

A more cohesive group will be ______.

A) faster to conform
B) slower to conform
C) less likely to conform
D) unable to conform

Question 8

A shift in attitude towards an extreme version of the initial group norm is known as ______.

A) groupthink
B) group polarisation
C) conformity
D) compliance

Question 9

Which of the following are symptoms of groupthink?

A) increased conformity
B) overestimation of the competence of the group
C) close-mindedness
D) all of these

Question 10

If a minority group is consistent in their opinions they can sway the majority, one of the reasons for this is that the majority will perceive them to be ______.

A) credible
B) uncertain
C) an example of groupthink
D) all of these

Question 11

Minority groups may bring about conformity by ______.

A) social comparison
B) being consistent
C) divergent thinking
D) all of these

Question 12

In Milgram's obedience studies, 65% of people give shocks up to the apparently lethal level. This may be explained by ______.

A) the increasing immoral acts being gradual
B) obedience to authority being a cultural norm
C) a shift in agency
D) all of these

Question 13

The presence of another participant who is ______ will ______ obedience.

A) black; increase
B) rebelling; increase
C) obedient; decrease
D) rebelling; decrease

Question 14

If the experimenter is dressed scruffily, the participant is most likely to ______.

A) be obedient
B) be less obedient
C) insult the experimenter about their taste in clothes
D) not like the experimenter

Question 15

Social impact theory is capable of explaining the research findings of ______.

A) obedience research
B) conformity research
C) obedience and conformity research
D) all of social psychology

Question 16

Social influence considers the influence of others on our ______.

A) thoughts
B) feelings
C) behaviour
D) all of these

Question 17

Attitudes and behaviours that are commonly-held in a particular group, and have a powerful influence over the attitudes and behaviours of group members are known as ______.

A) social rules
B) social norms
C) social laws
D) social beliefs

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the social norm convergence effect is incorrect?

A) it can only occur when others are physically present
B) it can occur without the physical presence of others
C) it will occur faster when uncertainty is high
D) it is less likely to occur when differences between people are salient

Question 19

Normative influence refers to ______.

A) conformity to a group norm to gain information
B) conformity in ambiguous situations where people are unsure of their own perceptions
C) conformity due to the desire to gain acceptance and praise
D) attitude or behaviour change in response to direct or explicit orders

Question 20

Informational and normative influence can be said to produce different types of conformity. Normative influence leads to changes in ______. Informational influence leads to changes in ______.

A) public attitude and private attitude; public attitude but not private attitude
B) public attitude and private attitude; public attitude and private attitude
C) public attitude but not private attitude; public attitude and private attitude
D) private attitude but not public attitude; private attitude but not public attitude

Question 21

A distinction between Sherif and Asch's experiment is the degree to which the task might induce uncertainty. While the stimuli used in Sherif's experiment can be described as ______, inducing ______ uncertainty, the stimuli in Asch's study were ______, inducing ______ uncertainty.

A) ambiguous; high; unambiguous; low
B) ambiguous; low; unambiguous; high
C) unambiguous; high; ambiguous; low
D) unambiguous; low; ambiguous; high

Question 22

Individuals with low self-confidence are ______.

A) more susceptible to informational influence
B) more susceptible to normative influence
C) less susceptible to informational influence
D) less susceptible to normative influence

Question 23

Increased conformity, an overestimation of competence of the group and close-mindedness are all symptoms of which process?

A) informational influence
B) normative influence
C) group polarisation
D) groupthink

Question 24

Which of the following does NOT moderate informational influence?

A) group size
B) self-confidence
C) task difficulty
D) cultural norms

Question 25

A change in both public and private attitudes in response to an implied social norm is known as ______.

A) conformity
B) conversion
C) compliance
D) obedience

Question 26

Which of the following statements regarding minority influence is incorrect?

A) minorities are more likely to lead to compliance than conversion
B) minorities can provide a safeguard against groupthink
C) minorities encourage more divergent thought on the issue at hand
D) minorities encourage qualitatively better judgements but the majority

Question 27

Which of the following does social impact theory NOT include as a factor that affects social influence?

A) number
B) strength
C) immediacy
D) social support

Question 28

Milgram's original obedience study found that which percentage of participants followed instructions to give electric shocks up to the apparently lethal level?

A) 2%
B) 22%
C) 65%
D) 96%

Question 29

Which of the following factors reduce obedience?

A) a high-status experimenter
B) the presence of other participants who are obeying the experimenter
C) decreased proximity to the learner
D) increased proximity to the learner

Question 30

Whose experiments utilised the 'autokinetic effect'?

A) Asch
B) Sherif
C) Moscovici
D) Milgram