Deck 13: Hegel and Marx

Question 1

Hegel belongs to a tradition in philosophy characterized most by__________.

A) sustained rational argumentation
B) constructing grand systems of thought
C) religious fervor
D) scientific precision

Answer 1

B

Question 2

__________ is the doctrine that the universe is an objective reality consisting of ideas in the universal mind.

A) Objective realism
B) Transcendental idealism
C) Hegelian realism
D) Absolute idealism

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Hegel uses the term __________ to refer to the universal mind he claims encompasses all reality.

A) Universal Mind
B) World Mind
C) Absolute Spirit
D) Objective Reality

Answer 3

C

Question 4

__________ is the view that God is in every part of the universe, but is also more than the universe.

A) Panentheism
B) Pantheism
C) Paganism
D) Polytheism

Question 5

According to Hegel, history reflects increasing __________.

A) perception
B) rationality
C) empirical accomplishments
D) political unrest

Question 6

According to Hegel, the end of history is __________.

A) total self-consciousness and self-knowledge
B) capitalist systems around the world
C) socialist systems around the world
D) greater self-consciousness and self-knowledge

Question 7

__________ is what Hegel calls the repeating pattern of development that history embodies.

A) Panthetism
B) Panentheism
C) Dialectic
D) Absolute Idealism

Question 8

The three stages of Hegel's dialectic are thesis, antithesis, and __________.

A) communism
B) summation
C) sublation
D) synthesis

Question 9

According to Hegel's view of history, the future will __________ than the present.

A) possibly be better
B) inevitably be better
C) inevitably be worse
D) be no better or worse

Question 10

Marx applied Hegel's __________ to the material conditions of society.

A) metaphysics
B) idealism
C) panentheism
D) dialectic

Question 11

Things like property, factories, and businesses are what Marx called __________.

A) the material conditions of existence
B) the means of production
C) productive forces
D) ideological apparatuses

Question 12

__________ is the political and economic doctrine that a society's means of production should be owned or controlled by the people, either communally or through the state.

A) Communism
B) Socialism
C) Capitalism
D) Communitarianism

Question 13

The guiding principle of the socialist view of economics is__________.

A) competition
B) compassion
C) equality
D) justice

Question 14

The means of production include __________.

A) property
B) religious iconography
C) assembly lines
D) attitudes

Question 15

According to the socialist view, a society's distribution of goods should follow Marx's formula that states "From each according to his __________, to each according to his __________."

A) needs; ability
B) income; needs
C) ability; needs
D) desires; income

Question 16

Marx thinks __________ drives everything from history to morality.

A) politics
B) economics
C) psychology
D) the bourgeoisie

Question 17

__________ is a socio-economic system in which wealth goes to anyone who can acquire it in a free marketplace.

A) Communism
B) Socialism
C) Capitalism
D) Despotism

Question 18

Marx claims a society's system of economics is defined by its means of __________.

A) marketing
B) acquisition
C) production
D) procurement

Question 19

Marx calls the pattern of opposition between those who own the means of production and those who sell their labor __________.

A) capitalism
B) economic warfare
C) historical materialism
D) class struggle

Question 20

Marx divides society into those who __________ property, and those who __________.

A) lease; sell it
B) own; do not
C) want; buy it
D) sell; buy it

Question 21

Marx calls the group that owns the means of production the __________.

A) elitist class
B) bourgeoisie
C) superior class
D) proletariat

Question 22

Marx calls the group that do not own the means of production the __________.

A) elitist class
B) bourgeoisie
C) superior class
D) proletariat

Question 23

Members of the __________ serve as workers in the capitalist system.

A) elitist class
B) bourgeoisie
C) superior class
D) proletariat

Question 24

According to Marx, workers become __________ as they are increasingly exploited by the bourgeoisie.

A) alienated
B) disgusted
C) disillusioned
D) preoccupied

Question 25

According to Marx, the success of the bourgeoisie will ultimately __________.

A) destroy the proletariat
B) prove to be their own undoing
C) overcome all class opposition
D) improve the material conditions of society for everyone

Question 26

Marx declares that the bourgeois class requires__________.

A) "the formation and augmentation of capital"
B) "the acquisition of luxury items"
C) "the dispensation of the proletariat"
D) "the improvement of social conditions"

Question 27

According to Marx, "The distinguishing feature of communism is not the abolition of property generally, but __________.

A) "the abolition of property absolutely"
B) "the abolition of proletariat property"
C) "the abolition of bourgeoisie property"
D) "the abolition of machinery"

Question 28

According to Marx, three features of workers' lives in capitalist societies are __________.

A) alienation, depression, and obscurity
B) oppression, depression, and exploitation
C) obscurity, oppression, and exploitation
D) alienation, oppression, and exploitation

Question 29

For the most advanced countries, Marx asserts __________ is among the applicable conditions.

A) a heavy progressive or graduated income tax
B) a heavy or progressive property tax
C) a heavy or progressive labor tax
D) a heavy or progressive machinery tax

Question 30

Among other things, Marx argues for the abolition of __________ in The Communist Manifesto.

A) education for all children
B) child factory labor
C) parental rights
D) child welfare laws

Question 31

The core of Hegel's system is a kind of absolute idealism.

Question 32

Panentheism is the view that God permeates most of reality.

Question 33

Absolute idealism is the doctrine that the universe is an objective reality consisting of ideas in the universal mind.

Question 34

Absolute idealism is the doctrine that the universe is an objective reality consisting of ideas in the realm of the Forms.

Question 35

Pantheism is what Hegel calls the repeating pattern of development that history embodies.

Question 36

Socialism is the political and economic view that the economy should be controlled by a small, elite class of individuals in society.

Question 37

Socialism is inconsistent with democratic forms of government.

Question 38

Socialism is the political and economic view that the means of production should be owned and controlled by the state for the general welfare.

Question 39

Socialism can incorporate elements of market capitalism.

Question 40

Capitalism is a socioeconomic system in which wealth goes to anyone who can acquire it in a free marketplace.

Question 41

The proletariat own the means of production in a capitalist society.

Question 42

Hegel argues that the capitalist system generates class inequality.

Question 43

Marx co-authored The Communist Manifesto with Friedrich Engels.

Question 44

Marx proposes a form of liberalism known as "welfare liberalism."

Question 45

According to Marx, people should be rewarded according to their social status.

Question 46

Marx believes that the means of production should belong to everyone.

Question 47

Marx thinks that the bourgeoisie unwittingly create their own undoing.

Question 48

Marx thinks that the capitalist system protects the working class better than other economic systems.

Question 49

According to Marx, capitalist economies exploit their workers.

Question 50

In a socialist system wealth is controlled by the state, which allocates it for the good of the people generally.