Deck 6: T Tests

Question 1

When do you use an independent measures t test?

A) When you want to look at whether there are significant differences between two independent groups of participants.
B) When you want to compare scores within one group of participants, but from two conditions, all participants take part in both.
C) When you want to compare scores within two groups of participants and from two conditions, all participants take part in both.
D) When you want to look at whether there are significant relationships between two independent groups of participants.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which t test is appropriate to be used when you are testing only one group or condition?

A) Independent t test
B) One-sample t test
C) Repeated t test
D) Wilcoxon test

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following sentences is correct?

A) When there is more random variance than experimental variance, an analysis is likely to be significant.
B) When there is the same amount of random variance and experimental variance, an analysis is likely to be significant.
C) When there is more experimental variance than random variance, an analysis is likely to be significant.
D) When there is no experimental variance, an analysis is likely to be significant.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

When do you use a repeated measures t test?

A) When you want to look at whether there are significant differences between two independent groups of participants.
B) When you want to look at whether there are significant differences between two conditions, where you tested the same participants in condition one and in condition two.
C) When you want to look at whether there are significant differences between three conditions, where you tested the same participants in all conditions.
D) When you want to look at whether there are significant differences between two conditions, where you tested different participants in condition one and in condition two.

Question 5

Which of the following sentences is correct?

A) Levene's test is not a statistic we use to determine whether the assumption of homogeneity of variance has been met.
B) Levene's test is the statistic we can use to determine whether the assumption of normality of distribution has not been met.
C) Levene's test is the statistic we can use to determine whether the assumption of normality of distribution has been met.
D) Levene's test is the statistic we can use to determine whether the assumption of homogeneity of variance has been met.

Question 6

What is homogeneity of variance?

A) It is the assumption that we want to have similar amounts of variance in each of our conditions. When we have homogeneity of variance, then the variability in each of our conditions should be similar.
B) It is the assumption that we do not want to have similar amounts of variance in each of our conditions. When we have homogeneity of variance, then the variability in each of our conditions should be different.
C) It is the assumption that we want to have different amounts of variance in each of our conditions. When we have homogeneity of variance, then the variability in each of our conditions should be different.
D) It is the theory that we want to have similar amounts of observations in each of our conditions. When we have homogeneity of variance, then the number of observations in each of our conditions should be similar.

Question 7

What does it mean when you have a negative t value?

A) It means that you incorrectly entered the data to the SPSS.
B) Whether t value is positive or negative, it tells us which of the two conditions had a higher and lower score, and this can change the significance of your findings.
C) Whether t value is positive or negative, it tells us which of the two conditions had a higher and lower score, but it will not change the significance of your findings.
D) It means that you have wrongly entered negative values into SPSS.

Question 8

When you find that your t test is significant, and you want to interpret your results you should also

A) use the non-parametric statistics to help you interpret your findings as without it, you will not be able to interpret which group has significantly higher scores.
B) use another statistical test to help you confirm your findings, as without it, you will not be able to interpret your results correctly.
C) use the descriptive statistics to help you interpret your findings, as without it, you will not be able to interpret which group has significantly higher scores.
D) you do not have to do anything, and your results are already significant.

Question 9

What are the criteria to determine what value represents a small, medium, and large effect size? Select the correct answer.

A) ≥ 2 small effect
≥ 5 medium effect
≥ 8 large effect
B) ≥ 0.2 small effect
≥ 0)5 medium effect
≥ 0)8 large effect
C) ≥ 0.5 small effect
≥ 0)7 medium effect
≥ 0)9 large effect
D) ≤ 0.2 small effect
≤ 0)5 medium effect
≤ 0)8 large effect

Question 10

Which of the following sentences is correct?

A) If a result is not significant, you should still present the descriptive statistics, but you should avoid interpreting them as if they show any differences (the result is not significant, they are not different!).
B) If a result is significant, you should not present the descriptive statistics.
C) If a result is not significant, you should still present the descriptive statistics, and you should interpret the differences they show.
D) If a result is not significant, you should not present the descriptive statistics.

Question 11

In the worksheet, Research Question 1, what was the t statistics for the analysis?

A) .002
B) 9.325
C) 39
D) 3.331

Question 12

In the worksheet, Research Question 2, which is the correct conclusion regarding the assumption of homogeneity of variance?

A) Levene's test was not significant, and therefore the assumption of homogeneity of variance had not been met.
B) Levene's test was significant, and therefore the assumption of homogeneity of variance had not been met.
C) Levene's test was not significant, and therefore the assumption of homogeneity of variance had been met.
D) Levene's test was significant, and therefore the assumption of homogeneity of variance had been met.

Question 13

In the worksheet, Research Question 2, what is the correct degrees of freedom (df) to use for the analysis?

A) 78
B) 3.208
C) 54.713
D) 3.033

Question 14

In the worksheet, Research Question 3, what is the correct reference (or test) value?

A) 1.255
B) 3.319
C) 24
D) 20

Question 15

In the worksheet, Research Question 3, which is the correct interpretation of the analyses?

A) Satisfaction is not significantly different from expectation after the first session, but is significantly higher than expectation after sixteen weeks.
B) Satisfaction is not significantly different from expectation after the first session or after sixteen weeks.
C) Satisfaction is not significantly different from expectation after the first session, but is significantly lower than expectation after sixteen weeks.
D) Satisfaction is significantly higher expectation after the first session, but is not significantly different from expectation after sixteen weeks.