Deck 14: Giving Persuasive Speeches With Civility

Question 1

Which of the following is not an example of a persuasive message?

A) trying to convince the audience that they should recycle more
B) trying to get a church congregation to honor the financial pledges made earlier in the year
C) providing information about different insurance packages an employer offers
D) providing evidence about the ulterior motives of an organization your audience is associated with

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following is an appeal to logic?

A) People who are generous are statistically more likely to live longer and suffer less depression.
B) Your generosity can help children who never get enough to eat.
C) I've been giving to this organization for many years, and consider my money well spent.
D) None of the options appeals to logic.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is an appeal to emotion?

A) People who are generous are statistically more likely to live longer and suffer less depression.
B) Your generosity can help children who never get enough to eat.
C) I've been giving to this organization for many years, and consider my money well spent.
D) None of the options appeal to emotion.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is an appeal to ethos?

A) People who are generous are statistically more likely to live longer and suffer less depression.
B) Your generosity can help children who never get enough to eat.
C) I've been giving to this organization for many years, and consider my money well spent.
D) None of the options appeal to ethos.

Question 5

_____ is a process where speakers try to get the audience members to strengthen their commitments to things they may have taken for granted or let slip.

A) Awareness raising
B) Commitment reminding
C) Guilt tripping
D) Consciousness raising

Question 6

Which of the following represents a persuasion attempt toward inducing a specific action?

A) running an information booth at the county fair
B) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about your candidate for office
C) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about why they shouldn't vote for your candidate's opposition
D) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about religion and why they should believe in it also

Question 7

Which of the following represents a persuasion attempt toward weakening a commitment?

A) running an information booth at the county fair
B) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about your candidate for office
C) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about why they shouldn't vote for your candidate's opposition
D) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about religion and why they should believe in it also

Question 8

Which of the following represents a persuasion attempt toward converting the audience?

A) running an information booth at the county fair
B) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about your candidate for office
C) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about why they shouldn't vote for your candidate's opposition
D) walking from house to house in your neighborhood to talk to your neighbors about religion and why they should believe in it also

Question 9

In the Toulmin Model, the _____ is the basic argument being made.

A) backing
B) grounds
C) warrant
D) qualifier
E) claim

Question 10

In the Toulmin Model, the _____ provides evidence to support a claim.

A) backing
B) grounds
C) warrant
D) qualifier
E) claim

Question 11

In the Toulmin Model, the _____ allows the claim to be connected to the grounds.

A) backing
B) grounds
C) warrant
D) qualifier
E) claim

Question 12

In the Toulmin model, the _____ indicates when a claim may not be valid.

A) backing
B) grounds
C) warrant
D) qualifier
E) claim

Question 13

Which of the following is a claim of fact?

A) A group of astronauts from the United States landed on the moon in 1969.
B) No Place for Old Men should never have been nominated for Best Picture, much less have won it.
C) We ought to stop prosecuting victimless crimes and find a way for the government to tax them instead.
D) None of the statements concerns facts.

Question 14

Which of the following is a claim of value?

A) A group of astronauts from the United States landed on the moon in 1969.
B) No Place for Old Men should never have been nominated for Best Picture, much less have won it.
C) We ought to stop prosecuting victimless crimes and find a way for the government to tax them instead.
D) None of the statements concerns values.

Question 15

Which of the following is a claim of policy?

A) A group of astronauts from the United States landed on the moon in 1969.
B) No Place for Old Men should never have been nominated for Best Picture, much less have won it.
C) We ought to stop prosecuting victimless crimes and find a way for the government to tax them instead.
D) None of the statements concerns policy.

Question 16

_____ persuasion occurs when an audience carefully considers the merit of the arguments and information presented.

A) Direct
B) The peripheral route to
C) Indirect
D) The central route to

Question 17

_____ persuasion occurs when an audience focuses on a persuasive cue such as the likeability of the speaker.

A) Direct
B) The peripheral route to
C) Indirect
D) The central route to

Question 18

_____ persuasion occurs when a speaker states his or her purpose in an explicit way.

A) Direct
B) The peripheral route to
C) Indirect
D) The central route to

Question 19

_____ occurs when a speaker deemphasizes or disguises his or her purpose.

A) Direct
B) The peripheral route to
C) Indirect
D) The central route to

Question 20

Which statement is not true of the elaboration likelihood model?

A) speakers are best off focusing on the central route to persuasion
B) the likelihood of elaboration differs between audience members
C) it assumes that both speakers and listeners are cooperating in the persuasive encounter
D) elaboration likelihood is high with a motivated audience

Question 21

Which is not a means by which a speaker can increase his or her credibility?

A) demonstrating that he or she is trustworthy
B) demonstrating that he or she has relevant knowledge about the subject
C) demonstrating enthusiasm for the subject
D) providing a resume for audience members to examine

Question 22

Which of the following illustrates a problem-solution approach to persuasion?

A) You might think that you're doing a lot to help the environment by recycling. But that's not enough. There are many things you can do to help the environment and they don't require a great deal of effort once they're in place.
B) There are many benefits to recycling. By increasing the amount of things we recycle, we use fewer resources to begin with. We don't have to put as much trash into landfills. And most importantly, recycling creates jobs.
C) Did you know that the United States generates almost 13 million tons of clothing waste every year? Were you aware that only 15% of that waste is recycled into other products, when nearly all of it could be in one way or another? There are ways for us to address the growing issue of unwanted clothing.
D) None of the statements reflect a problem-solution approach to persuasion.

Question 23

Which of the following illustrates a comparative advantage approach to persuasion?

A) You might think that you're doing a lot to help the environment by recycling. But that's not enough. There are many things you can do to help the environment and they don't require a great deal of effort once they're in place.
B) There are many benefits to recycling. By increasing the amount of things we recycle, we use fewer resources to begin with. We don't have to put as much trash into landfills. And most importantly, recycling creates jobs.
C) Did you know that the United States generates almost 13 million tons of clothing waste every year? Were you aware that only 15% of that waste is recycled into other products, when nearly all of it could be in one way or another? There are ways for us to address the growing issue of unwanted clothing.
D) None of the statements reflect a comparative advantage approach to persuasion.

Question 24

Which of the following illustrates a refutational approach to persuasion?

A) You might think that you're doing a lot to help the environment by recycling. But that's not enough. There are many things you can do to help the environment and they don't require a great deal of effort once they're in place.
B) There are many benefits to recycling. By increasing the amount of things we recycle, we use fewer resources to begin with. We don't have to put as much trash into landfills. And most importantly, recycling creates jobs.
C) Did you know that the United States generates almost 13 million tons of clothing waste every year? Were you aware that only 15% of that waste is recycled into other products, when nearly all of it could be in one way or another? There are ways for us to address the growing issue of unwanted clothing.
D) None of the statements reflect a refutational approach to persuasion.

Question 25

Which is not a step in Monroe's motivated sequence?

A) satisfaction step
B) need step
C) action step
D) attention step
E) problem step

Question 26

Which of the following statements reflects an ad hominem fallacy?

A) It's hard for me to believe what someone says when they are covered in tattoos.
B) Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid.
C) I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster.
D) I will vote for anyone before I vote for our governor again. She doesn't care about anyone but big business and won't vote for anything that benefits state employees.
E) I hate little dogs. They're all yappers.

Question 27

Which of the following statements reflects a red herring fallacy?

A) It's hard for me to believe what someone says when they are covered in tattoos.
B) Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid.
C) I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster.
D) I will vote for anyone before I vote for our governor again. She doesn't care about anyone but big business and won't vote for anything that benefits state employees.
E) I hate little dogs. They're all yappers.

Question 28

Which of the following statements reflects a slippery slope fallacy?

A) It's hard for me to believe what someone says when they are covered in tattoos.
B) Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid.
C) I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster.
D) I will vote for anyone before I vote for our governor again. She doesn't care about anyone but big business and won't vote for anything that benefits state employees.
E) I hate little dogs. They're all yappers.

Question 29

Which of the following statements reflects a post hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy?

A) It's hard for me to believe what someone says when they are covered in tattoos.
B) Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid.
C) I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster.
D) I will vote for anyone before I vote for our governor again. She doesn't care about anyone but big business and won't vote for anything that benefits state employees.
E) I hate little dogs. They're all yappers.

Question 30

Which of the following statements reflects a generalization fallacy?

A) It's hard for me to believe what someone says when they are covered in tattoos.
B) Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid.
C) I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster.
D) I will vote for anyone before I vote for our governor again. She doesn't care about anyone but big business and won't vote for anything that benefits state employees.
E) I hate little dogs. They're all yappers.

Question 31

Which is not a condition necessary for the invitational rhetoric process to be successful?

A) safety
B) knowledge
C) value
D) freedom

Question 32

In the following paragraph, what constitutes the claim?

A) One of the most stunning findings in all the work on creativity is this…
B) There are not a lot of innate differences between people who are creative and people who are not.
C) Runco argues that everyone has creative potential, in that everyone is capable of transforming
The physical world through their interpretations and that everyone has the ability to decide when
Those interpretations are useful or not.
D) None of these are a claim.

Question 33

In the following paragraph, what constitutes the grounds?

A) One of the most stunning findings in all the work on creativity is this…
B) There are not a lot of innate differences between people who are creative and people who are not.
C) Runco argues that everyone has creative potential, in that everyone is capable of transforming
The physical world through their interpretations and that everyone has the ability to decide when
Those interpretations are useful or not.
D) None of these are grounds.

Question 34

In the following paragraph, what constitutes the warrant?

A) One of the most stunning findings in all the work on creativity is this…
B) There are not a lot of innate differences between people who are creative and people who are not.
C) Runco argues that everyone has creative potential, in that everyone is capable of transforming
The physical world through their interpretations and that everyone has the ability to decide when
Those interpretations are useful or not.
D) None of these are a warrant.

Question 35

Persuasion always requires intent.

Question 36

An emotional appeal cannot be used if a speaker uses a logical appeal.

Question 37

A speaker with many credentials will automatically have credibility with an audience.

Question 38

A good way to weaken an audience's commitment is to engage in consciousness raising.

Question 39

Persuasive speakers who seek to convert the audience are generally talking about religious topics.

Question 40

The warrant for an argument is generally implied rather than stated.

Question 41

Arguments must contain all six elements of the Toulmin Model to be effective.

Question 42

Words like "usually," "often," or "probably" are indicators of the argument's rebuttal.

Question 43

Claims of fact aren't really arguable.

Question 44

Claims of value are easily resolvable.

Question 45

The elaboration likelihood is the probability of an audience focusing on peripheral cues such as the speaker's attractiveness.

Question 46

The central route to persuasion is always the best one for a speaker to use.

Question 47

People can be persuaded by peripheral cues in a speech, such as the way it is delivered or how they respond personally to the speaker.

Question 48

People are likely to be persuaded by peripheral cues when the speaker uses indirect persuasion.

Question 49

Twitter has become an important part of the political process.

Question 50

Charisma is something you either have or you don't.

Question 51

One way to increase your credibility as a speaker is to demonstrate that you are trustworthy.

Question 52

If your audience is hostile to your message, it may not be possible to find common ground.

Question 53

Problem-solution organization is a strategy in which the speaker shows how one option is more effective than other alternatives.

Question 54

If a speaker goes through all the steps of Monroe's motivated sequence correctly, the audience is bound to agree with the speaker's conclusion.

Question 55

"I hate little dogs. They are always such yappers." This is an example of the red herring fallacy.

Question 56

"Ever since marijuana was decriminalized, the sale of alcohol has gone down. And this has resulted in fewer liquor taxes being paid." This is an example of the slippery slope fallacy.

Question 57

"I don't want to stay for the party because I might have fun. If I have fun, I might like it, and if I like it, I might want to have it again. And I won't, and that would be a disaster." This is an example of the post hoc, ergo propter hoc fallacy.

Question 58

Invitational rhetoric rarely results in persuasion.

Question 59

Invitational rhetoric works because both speaker and audience regard each other as equals.

Question 60

Describe the difference between an emotional appeal, a logical appeal, and an ethos appeal. Provide an example to illustrate your understanding.

Question 61

What are the four persuasive speech purposes?

Question 62

Define consciousness raising. Give an example of an event in which it may be used.

Question 63

What is a hostile audience? Under what conditions are you likely to encounter one?

Question 64

What are the elements of the Toulmin Model? Identify them and give a brief description of each.

Question 65

What are the three kinds of claims? Define them and provide an example.

Question 66

What is the elaboration likelihood model? How does it explain the process of persuasion?

Question 67

What are the three ways you can establish your credibility? Identify and describe them.

Question 68

What are the four ways you can structure a persuasive message? Provide examples of two of them.

Question 69

Identify, define, and provide examples for three different logical fallacies.

Question 70

What is invitational rhetoric? Why is it a civil kind of persuasion?

Question 71

Describe the four purposes of the persuasive speaking. Give an example of a speech that fits each type.

Question 72

Recall an advertisement you have seen recently. Describe the advertisement; then show how it incorporates each of the elements of the Toulmin Model.

Question 73

Use Monroe's motivated sequence to create an outline of a persuasive speech you might deliver.