Question 1

Tabula rasa means ...&#10;A) timetable of events&#10;B) clear mind&#10;C) learned behaviour&#10;D) blank slate

Accepted Answer

Tabula rasa is a philosophical concept that refers to the idea that the mind is a "blank slate" at birth and that all knowledge and ideas come from experience and perception.

Question 2

The concept of operant conditioning was developed by ...&#10;A) Watson&#10;B) Thorndike&#10;C) Pavlov&#10;D) Skinner

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning was developed by B.F. Skinner. Watson developed the concept of classical conditioning, Thorndike developed the law of effect, and Pavlov developed the concept of conditioned reflexes.

Question 3

Behaviourism is often considered to be ...&#10;A) a psychodynamic approach&#10;B) a psychopathic approach&#10;C) a psychoeducational approach&#10;D) a psychopathological approach

Accepted Answer

Behaviourism is often considered to be a psychoeducational approach as it focuses on observable behaviors and how they can be modified through learning and conditioning, often used in educational settings.

Question 4

If cognition and emotion are viewed as behaviours then ...&#10;A) the problem of ordering cognition, behaviours and emotion becomes irrelevant&#10;B) they can be modified in similar ways to all other behaviours using the core principles of classical and operant conditioning&#10;C) clients feel less confused and so therapy can be brief&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

If cognition and emotion are viewed as behaviors, they can be modified using the core principles of classical and operant conditioning, just like any other behavior. This can inform therapeutic interventions for issues related to cognition and emotion. However, the problem of ordering cognition, behaviors, and emotion does not become irrelevant, as these are still separate but interrelated aspects of human experience. Clients may or may not feel less confused depending on various factors, and therapy may or may not be brief depending on the nature and complexity of the issues being addressed.

Question 5

Systematic desensitisation is a technique in which ...&#10;A) clients are taught relaxation techniques&#10;B) clients draw up an anxiety heirarchy&#10;C) clients are exposed to increasingly anxiety-inducing stimuli&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitisation involves teaching the client relaxation techniques, creating an anxiety hierarchy, and gradually exposing them to stimuli that cause increasing levels of anxiety. Therefore, all of the options listed are correct.

Question 6

Flooding is best described as ...&#10;A) jumping in at the deep end&#10;B) paddling in from the shallow end&#10;C) diving in at neither the shallow nor the deep end&#10;D) not going in the water

Accepted Answer

Flooding, in psychological terms, refers to a therapeutic technique where an individual is exposed to their fears or traumatic memories in a direct and intense manner, akin to "jumping in at the deep end" of a pool rather than gradually acclimating.

Question 7

Which of the following would NOT be a useful time out technique for a client with anger problems?&#10;A) The client is taught to recognise the first signs of anger and then remove himself from the situation before losing his temper&#10;B) The client uses distraction to reduce the anger by refocusing on a less provocative stimulus&#10;C) The client is encouraged to fully experience and release the anger&#10;D) The client counts to ten and focuses on pretaught relaxation techniques

Accepted Answer

Encouraging the client to fully experience and release the anger is not a useful time out technique as it may escalate the client's anger instead of reducing it. The other options provide effective strategies for managing anger.

Question 8

Skills training will include ...&#10;A) assertiveness, problem solving and avoidance&#10;B) anger management, restraining skills and assertiveness&#10;C) avoidance, negotiation skills and assertiveness&#10;D) problem solving, anger management and assertiveness

Accepted Answer

The three skills identified in option D - problem solving, anger management and assertiveness - are all important skills for effective communication and conflict resolution. Option A includes avoidance as a skill which is not ideal for resolving conflicts. Option B includes restraining skills which is not always necessary and not always appropriate. Option C includes negotiation skills which may not always be applicable in a conflict resolution scenario.

Question 9

Behaviour therapy is suitable for ...&#10;A) individuals&#10;B) couples&#10;C) groups&#10;D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Behaviour therapy can be used with individuals, couples, and groups depending on the nature and severity of the problem being addressed. Thus, all of the above options are suitable for behaviour therapy.

Question 10

Explain how Skinner influenced our understanding of human behaviour in relation to operant conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how Skinner influenced our understanding of...

Question 11

Briefly explain how punishment and reinforcement can influence human behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain how punishment and reinforcement can...

Question 12

Compare and contrast passive and active psychoeducation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast passive and active psychoeducation....

Question 13

Describe the contingency management technique of a token economy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the contingency management technique of a...

Question 14

Discuss the development of the first force in psychology and explain how early behaviourism differs from modern behaviourism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the development of the first force...

Question 15

Compare and contrast classical and operant conditioning. Focus on the impact of these two types of conditioning on human thoughts, feelings and behaviours.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast classical and operant conditioning....

Question 16

Describe and evaluate the role of psychoeducation in the therapeutic process. Discuss behavioural techniques utilising psychoeducation in your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe and evaluate the role of psychoeducation...

Question 17

Explain how exposure therapy can be used to address behavioural problems in therapy. Discuss the effectiveness of these techniques in your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how exposure therapy can be used...

Deck 4: Behavioural Approach and Behaviour Therapy