Deck 5: The Context of Women and Girls Offending for Specific Crimes

Question 1

Who is the fastest-growing segment of substance users in the United States?

A) men
B) adolescents
C) women
D) elderly

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Criminalizing the use of drugs/alcohol while pregnant is an example of which of the following?

A) net-widening
B) gender-specific law
C) moral panic
D) decriminalization

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following gender difference in substance use, abuse, and selling has been documented by scholars?

A) Men/boys are more likely to report using drugs to lose weight.
B) Women/girls are more likely to be in a position to exchange sex/companionships for drugs.
C) Men/boys are more likely to self-medicate in order to cope with trauma.
D) Women/girls use a larger variety of drugs.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Women and girls are more likely to be introduced to drugs by whom?

A) parents
B) peers
C) husbands/boyfriends
D) siblings

Question 5

Men and boys are more likely to be introduced to drugs by ______.

A) parents
B) siblings
C) wives/girlfriends
D) male friends

Question 6

Girls/women are more likely to both begin and continue to use drugs for which reason?

A) self-medication
B) recreation
C) pleasure
D) thrill-seeking

Question 7

The process by which girls prematurely assume adult responsibilities in families is referred to as ______.

A) transformation
B) adultification
C) adjudication
D) disqualification

Question 8

Research has shown a strong relationship between risky drinking during pregnancy and ______.

A) economic marginalization
B) career decisions
C) minor family dysfunction
D) marital separation

Question 9

Which is considered to be the most widely used illicit substance worldwide?

A) alcohol
B) cannabis
C) methamphetamine
D) steroids

Question 10

Women methamphetamine users are predominantly ______.

A) African American
B) Indigenous
C) Latinx
D) White

Question 11

Which statement pertaining to women methamphetamine users is true?

A) They are predominantly African American.
B) They are married.
C) They typically started using marijuana and alcohol prior to methamphetamine use.
D) They started using in their early adulthood years.

Question 12

The most common reason girls/women give for using meth is ______.

A) to party
B) to get high
C) because close friends or partners did
D) to lose weight

Question 13

Which type of substance abuse was identified as being a predominantly female-crime related?

A) alcohol
B) marijuana/cannabis
C) crack
D) nonmedical prescription drugs

Question 14

Which nonmedical prescription drug use gender difference is associated with men?

A) They are less likely to indicate guilt or remorse.
B) They believe it's okay because doctors prescribe it to some people.
C) They cite its legitimacy because others do it.
D) They engaged in less risky behaviors.

Question 15

The advent of ______ intensified the sexual degradation of women.

A) methamphetamine
B) crack
C) marijuana/cannabis
D) nonmedical prescription drugs

Question 16

Which of the following categories of crack-using women had the highest status and the most control over their lives due to their ability to cook powder cocaine to form crack?

A) hookers
B) older struggling rookies
C) queens of the scene
D) hustlers

Question 17

How would you categorize women who "work" as criminals but not sex workers to support their habits?

A) hookers
B) older struggling rookies
C) queens of the scene
D) hustlers

Question 18

Women crack cocaine users who use sex work (prostitution) to support their habits are categorized as ______.

A) hookers
B) older struggling rookies
C) queens of the scene
D) hustlers

Question 19

A woman crack cocaine user who had no histories of drug using or other illegal activities until their 30s and is unemployed, concerned with social approval would be categorized as which of the following?

A) hookers
B) older struggling rookies
C) queens of the scene
D) hustlers

Question 20

Women who gain access to drug selling do so through whom?

A) parents
B) siblings
C) peers
D) husbands/boyfriends

Question 21

Which crime is considered to be more serious than the rest?

A) pickpocketing
B) robbery
C) larceny-theft
D) burglary

Question 22

Stereotypes link women/girls with which of the following types of property crimes?

A) arson
B) burglary
C) robbery
D) shoplifting

Question 23

Which method do men typically use to commit robbery, according to Miller (1998)?

A) physical violence and/or a gun
B) target female victims
C) work with friends, relatives, or others
D) promise sexual favors but do not deliver

Question 24

The primary strategy that women used to commit a robbery was identified ______.

A) using physical violence and/or a gun
B) targeting female victims
C) working with friends, relatives, or others
D) promising sexual favors but do not deliver

Question 25

The term viccing, which is specific to sex workers, is associated with which crime?

A) arson
B) robbery
C) theft
D) burglary

Question 26

The least studied topic in the field of criminology, according to Dodge (2013), is the gendered structure of ______.

A) violent crime
B) property crime
C) white-collar crime
D) victimless crime

Question 27

Theft or misuse of an organization's assets is referred to as ______.

A) asset misappropriation
B) corruption
C) false statements
D) forgery

Question 28

If an employee misuses an organization's assets, they are committing what type of occupation fraud offense?

A) fraudulent statements
B) asset misappropriation
C) consumer fraud
D) corruption

Question 29

If an employee were to wrongfully use their influence in business transactions to obtain benefits for themselves that were contrary to duties to their employer, they would be committing what type of occupational fraud offense?

A) fraudulent statements
B) asset misappropriation
C) consumer fraud
D) corruption

Question 30

If someone were to falsify their organization's records or documents, they would be committing which type of occupational fraud offense?

A) asset misappropriation
B) consumer fraud
C) fraudulent statements
D) corruption

Question 31

Which of the following occupational fraud offenses is distinctly linked to being male, educated, and holding a higher level position in the organization?

A) fraudulent statement
B) asset misappropriation
C) consumer fraud
D) corruption

Question 32

Women have "flourished" in which type of white-collar crime?

A) forgery
B) consumer fraud
C) embezzlement
D) falsification of records

Question 33

A sex worker/prostitute who performs the sexual act for a fee is considered to be a ______.

A) seller
B) buyer
C) facilitator
D) organizer

Question 34

According to research on sex work and prostitution, men and boys were more likely to be which of the following?

A) sellers
B) facilitators
C) buyers
D) organizers

Question 35

Individuals who do sex work do it primarily for which reason?

A) money
B) thrill
C) pleasure
D) drugs

Question 36

Which of the following is considered to be a correlate of sex trading status?

A) higher education
B) race
C) child sexual abuse
D) familial support

Question 37

Child abductions in the media are often sensationalized when the child are ______.

A) Indigenous
B) Latinx
C) African American
D) White

Question 38

The killing of one's infant in the first 24 hr of life is referred to as ______.

A) eldercide
B) neonaticide
C) filicide
D) infanticide

Question 39

______ refers to the killing of one's baby who is less than a year, but more than 1 day old.

A) Filicide
B) Eldercide
C) Neonaticide
D) Infanticide

Question 40

The killing of one's own child who is up to 18 years old is referred to as ______.

A) eldercide
B) neonaticide
C) filicide
D) infanticide

Question 41

Large national U.S. studies have consistently identified ______ as a gender-neutral offense.

A) filicide
B) eldercide
C) neonaticide
D) infanticide

Question 42

Which of the following statements pertaining to paternal filicides is true?

A) The children are younger.
B) The filicide was planned.
C) The parent is younger than the other parent.
D) The parent was previously violent to the child.

Question 43

In maternal filicides, studies show that ______.

A) the parent was violent with other children in the home
B) the child is generally healthy
C) the killing is altruistic
D) the killing is motivated by revenge

Question 44

Which of the following characteristics is associated with women/girls who commit neonaticide?

A) They are very young.
B) They are married.
C) They are violent.
D) They are affluent.

Question 45

If a mother is distracted or inattentive, and killed their child unintentionally, she would be an offender who committed ______.

A) fatal child neglect
B) assisted or coerced
C) abuse related
D) neonaticide

Question 46

Fighting other members of the gang for a designated period of time is an example of being ______.

A) born in
B) blessed in
C) jumped in
D) walked in

Question 47

Which is considered to be the strongest predictor of gang membership?

A) familial ties
B) alcohol and drug use
C) race/ethnicity
D) involvement in delinquent behaviors

Question 48

Hagedorn and Devitt (1999) found that African American women gang members' fights were more likely over ______ issues.

A) respect and jealousy
B) representation
C) status
D) gang solidarity

Question 49

The biggest risk factor for gang involvement is ______.

A) prior delinquency
B) living in a neighborhood where gangs are prevalent
C) alcohol and drug use
D) poor parental supervision

Question 50

What is the primary reason why girls join gangs?

A) sense of belonging
B) respite from the harsh environments
C) safety and protection
D) status

Question 51

Research on substance use, abuse, and selling (SUAS) has historically been conducted on men.

Question 52

Substance use, abuse, and selling (SUAS) is largely female-gender-related behavior for alcohol and most drugs.

Question 53

Gender-specific laws criminalize one gender/sex.

Question 54

Among adolescents and adults, alcohol use is considered to be a female-gender-related behavior.

Question 55

Nonmedical prescription drug use (NMPDU) is a crime with little or no gender gap.

Question 56

Gender differences in selling drugs indicate that it is much tougher for women than men to break into the drug market.

Question 57

Women's drug selling may be a better indication of the feminization of poverty than of women's increased drug use.

Question 58

White-collar crime is considered to be a gender-neutral-related crime.

Question 59

Sex workers typically agree with the classification of as a vice or victimless offense.

Question 60

Sex work offenses appear to be highly correlated with the feminization of poverty.

Question 61

Eldercide, the homicide of an elderly person, is considered to be a male-gender-related homicide.

Question 62

Women are more likely than men to kill current or former intimate partners.

Question 63

Women who commit neonaticide are disproportionately younger, poor, have no partner, attempt to conceal the pregnancy and the baby, and kill nonviolently, usually through abandonment.

Question 64

For both girls and boys, peer influence/pressure is the motivation for committing offenses.

Question 65

There are no gender differences in gang members' fighting.

Question 66

Research consistently reports delinquency and criminal behavior are more prevalent in young men's than young women's gangs.

Question 67

The strongest predictor of gang membership is gender.

Question 68

The only reason that girls join gangs is for safety and protection.

Question 69

Research on boys/men in gangs as fathers is nonexistent.

Question 70

Girls' length of membership in gangs is shorter than boys, which is evidence of their independence and agency.

Question 71

Outline the eight gender differences in substance use, abuse, and selling (SUAS).

Question 72

Identify and discuss the four categories of crack-using woman as identified by Sterk (1999).

Question 73

Explain the reason why white-collar crime is still a male-related crime. Do you agree with the reason? Why or why not?

Question 74

Discuss the reasons why girls join gangs.

Question 75

What does the concept of bargaining with patriarchy explain?