Deck 14: Civil Rights and Political Equality

Question 1

The modern civil rights movement began

A) in 1960, when three African American men sat down at an all-white lunch counter.
B) in 1955, when Rosa Parks refused to move from her seat on a bus.
C) in 1896, when an African American man drank from a "white" water fountain.
D) with the Compromise of 1850.
E) the Dred Scott Case.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The Supreme Court told the nation's public schools to desegregate "with all deliberate speed" in the landmark case of

A) Mapp v. Ohio
B) Near v. Minnesota
C) Gitlow v. New York
D) Dred Scott v. Sanford.
E) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas,

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Actual equality, called _______________ equality, looks at _______________.

A) de facto; results
B) ex post facto; probabilities
C) judicial; law
D) mandated; orders
E) de jure, rulings.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The Fugitive Slave Act was passed by Congress in

A) 1776
B) 1793
C) 1801
D) 1826
E) 1863

Question 5

Most people agree that to truly understand democracy, it is necessary to

A) study political science.
B) travel to other countries.
C) stay up to date on current events.
D) eliminate unfair discrimination.
E) participate in the electoral cycle.

Question 6

Unequal treatment based on race, ethnicity and gender is called

A) de jure equality.
B) de facto equality.
C) minority rights.
D) affirmative action.
E) unfair discrimination.

Question 7

The Congress mandated the return of fugitive slaves in

A) the Dred Scott Case
B) the Missouri Compromise
C) the Rosa Parks case
D) the Brown Case
E) Fugitive Slave Act

Question 8

All of the following were federal actions before the Civil War to protect slavery in some way EXCEPT the

A) Wilmot Proviso.
B) Fugitive Slave Act.
C) Missouri Compromise.
D) Compromise of 1850.
E) None of the Above

Question 9

Which of the following countries passed the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793?

A) Canada
B) the United States
C) Mexico
D) Great Britain
E) Cuba

Question 10

In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that

A) all laws protecting slavery were unconstitutional.
B) slavery was permissible in the South but northern states could prohibit slavery if they chose.
C) African Americans had no constitutional rights, and Congress could not prohibit slavery.
D) African Americans could challenge their slave status in the courts but their challenge could be denied following due process.
E) the importation of Slaves from Africa was illegal.

Question 11

Which of the following was NOT among the Civil War amendments?

A) Tenth Amendment
B) Thirteenth Amendment
C) Fourteenth Amendment
D) Fifteenth Amendment
E) none of the above

Question 12

What year was the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery, ratified?

A) 1818
B) 1828
C) 1835
D) 1858
E) 1865

Question 13

The black codes were

A) state laws printed in black leather notebooks.
B) laws written by newly freed black slaves.
C) laws restricting the civil rights of blacks.
D) laws written to protect the civil rights of blacks.
E) laws written to prevent the importation of slaves to America.

Question 14

Who was Roger Brooke Taney?

A) the chief justice during the Dred Scott case
B) a state chief justice during the Dred Scott case
C) a judge who asked to be excused from the Dred Scott case
D) a judge who sided with Dred Scott
E) a slave owner.

Question 15

Congress passed a number of Ku Klux Klan Acts in the

A) 1840s.
B) 1870s.
C) 1920s.
D) 1970s.
E) 1980s

Question 16

What amendment made African Americans citizens and gave them rights of that citizenship?

A) Thirteenth
B) Fourteenth
C) Fifteenth
D) Nineteenth
E) Twenty-first

Question 17

What was challenged in the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson?

A) separation of the races in public places
B) one man, one vote
C) women's suffrage
D) the right to a public education
E) African Americans right to vote.

Question 18

All of the following were used by southern states to disenfranchise black voters EXCEPT

A) property qualifications.
B) poll taxes.
C) an understanding clause.
D) occupational tests.
E) literacy tests.

Question 19

Laws passed by southern states that separated the races in public places such as railroads, streetcars, schools, and cemeteries are known as

A) poll taxes
B) literacy tests.
C) Lemon tests.
D) Dred Scott tests.
E) Jim Crow laws.

Question 20

The NAACP was formed in

A) 1901.
B) 1909.
C) 1934.
D) 1963.
E) 1981

Question 21

In 1914, the NAACP won a court case outlawing a system whereby employees would have their wages advanced to them and then would be required to stay on their jobs in a type of slavery until their debts were paid off. This was called

A) arbitrage.
B) manumission.
C) peonage.
D) reapportionment.
E) redistricting.

Question 22

What did the Court do in Cumming v. County Board of Education (1899)?

A) It reversed the Plessy case.
B) It reversed the Missouri case.
C) It reversed the Dred Scott case.
D) It approved "separate but equal" schools in Georgia.
E) It approved the right of slave owners to keep their slaves.

Question 23

The 1954 case in which the Supreme Court struck down segregated public schools as unconstitutional was

A) Plessy v. Ferguson.
B) Texas v. Allwhite.
C) Bakke v. Board of Regents.
D) Brown v. Board of Education.
E) Mapp v. Ohio

Question 24

What convinced the Court to reverse Plessy v. Ferguson?

A) courtroom testimony of victims of segregation
B) social science research on the effects of segregation
C) the change in the national view of segregation
D) the election of President Eisenhower
E) inability of states to maintain discriminatory practices.

Question 25

The constitutional basis for the case outlawing segregated public schools was the

A) First Amendment freedom of speech clause.
B) equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
C) right to vote provision of the Fifteenth Amendment.
D) necessary and proper clause of Article I, Section 8.
E) the Civil Rights Act

Question 26

When the government tries to balance the racial composition in school and public places, this is called

A) boycotting.
B) interfering.
C) gerrymandering
D) redistricting.
E) integration.

Question 27

A protest technique in which protesters refuse to leave an area is called

A) civil disobedience.
B) protesting.
C) sit-in.
D) freedom riding.
E) boycotting.

Question 28

Civil rights activists who traveled throughout the American South on buses to test compliance with the Supreme Court's mandate to integrate bus terminals and public facilities accommodating interstate travelers were called

A) freedom marchers.
B) Protesters for Freedom.
C) Dred Scotters.
D) SCLC.
E) Freedom Riders.

Question 29

All of the following are examples of civil disobedience EXCEPT

A) the boycotting of businesses.
B) protest marches down the main street of a city.
C) sit-ins at lunch counters.
D) threats to bomb public facilities.
E) sniper attacks against protestors.

Question 30

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was created in 1964 with the passage of the

A) Civil Rights Act.
B) Clean Air Act.
C) NATO Treaty.
D) Tokyo Round.
E) Montreal Round.

Question 31

The response of the federal government to the protest led by Martin Luther King Jr. in Birmingham in 1963 that was met by violent police action was to

A) urge Dr. King to abandon the protest.
B) order the Alabama governor and Birmingham police to protect the protestors and pay them compensation.
C) send federal troops and officials to Birmingham to work out an agreement.
D) ignore the protest, claiming it was a local matter.
E) refuse to recognize Dr. King as the leader of the SCLC.

Question 32

Refusal to patronize any organization that practices policies that are perceived to be unfair for political, economic, or ideological reasons is termed

A) civil disobedience.
B) boycott.
C) protest march.
D) riot.
E) poll tax.

Question 33

A voting fee, now unconstitutional, that was used to prevent African Americans from voting in the South was called a(n)

A) poll tax.
B) election surcharge.
C) peonage.
D) use fee.
E) filibuster.

Question 34

_______ is a system in which employers advance wages and then require workers to remain on their jobs, in effect enslaving them.

A) Jim Crow
B) Poll tax
C) Peonage
D) Boycott
E) Literacy test

Question 35

NAACP stands for

A) National Association for Allowing a Coalition of Peace.
B) New Age Americans Create Peace.
C) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
D) Now All Americans Can live together Peacefully.
E) New Advancement of Americans for Civil Protection.

Question 36

What did the Supreme Court rule in the 1969 case of Alexander v. Holmes County Board of Education?

A) all private and public colleges must desegregate immediately
B) school districts must desegregate immediately
C) all medical schools must desegregate immediately
D) all law schools must desegregate immediately
E) desegregation of schools is unconstitutional

Question 37

__________ programs attempt to improve the chances of minority applicants for jobs, housing, employment or education.

A) Affirmative Action
B) Peonage
C) Civil disobedience
D) Integration
E) Quota programs

Question 38

The type of affirmative action program called _______________ programs has sought to guarantee a certain percentage of admission, new hires, and promotions to members of minority groups.

A) dynamic
B) quota
C) survey
D) measured
E) equity

Question 39

The idea that "people should have equal rights and opportunities to develop their talents," that all people should begin at the same starting point in a race is termed

A) affirmative action.
B) peonage.
C) equality of result.
D) quota system.
E) equality of opportunity.

Question 40

In the Bakke case, the Supreme Court ruled that

A) set quotas in university admissions based solely on race were unconstitutional.
B) set quotas of any kind were unconstitutional.
C) quotas were acceptable if the applicants from majority groups did not protest.
D) quotas were required in some circumstances.
E) quotas could not be used when making admissions decisions at public universities.

Question 41

The Supreme Court in the Reagan/Bush era

A) accepted affirmative action in cases where there was evidence of specific discrimination and the program was narrowly tailored to that offense.
B) ruled against all forms of affirmative action as being unfair discrimination against whites.
C) refused to accept any more affirmative action cases.
D) accepted all affirmative action cases appealed.
E) sent all affirmative action cases back to the federal courts for decision.

Question 42

Suffrage is defined as

A) the right to a speedy trial.
B) the right to privacy.
C) the right to vote.
D) the right to equal opportunity.
E) the right to discriminate against women.

Question 43

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony are important because they were

A) the first women elected to public office in the United States.
B) the first women admitted to the bar and allowed to practice law.
C) instrumental in the formation of the organized movement to attain full rights for women.
D) the first women judges.
E) they were the first women Senators in the United States.

Question 44

What argument made by women to Congress led to women's suffrage?

A) Women argued that they made up more than 50 percent of the population.
B) Women argued that they had a right to determine how their tax dollars were spent.
C) Women argued that their wartime service to the nation should be rewarded with the right of suffrage.
D) Women argued that they would bring unique viewpoints to elections.
E) Women argued their right to participate could be found in the Bible.

Question 45

The action taken in the 1960s that was the greatest advance for women's rights was

A) the onset of the Vietnam War.
B) the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
C) allowing women to compete for astronaut positions.
D) passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
E) the election of women to the House of Representatives.

Question 46

The Civil Rights Act of 1968

A) banned discrimination in bars.
B) banned discrimination in housing.
C) banned discrimination in professional sports.
D) was never passed.
E) banned discrimination in voting.

Question 47

In 1909, the _____________ formed to litigate on behalf of racial equality.

A) Southern Christian Leadership Conference
B) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
C) Blank Panthers
D) Freedom Riders
E) Dred Scotters

Question 48

The "War on Poverty" declared by _______________ was in part an attempt to address the problem of racial inequality.

A) President Reagan in 1985
B) President Carter in 1978
C) President Nixon in 1972
D) President Johnson in 1964
E) President Kennedy in 1960

Question 49

Affirmative action programs began in

A) 1934.
B) 1946.
C) 1965.
D) 1970.
E) 1957

Question 50

__________ was the Birmingham, Alabama, police commissioner targeted by Martin Luther King Jr. during the protest marches and demonstrations held in the spring of 1963.

A) George Wallace
B) David Duke
C) Ross R. Barnett
D) Theophilus Eugene "Bull" Connor
E) Rush Limbaugh

Question 51

In which of the following locations was the "Declaration of Sentiments concerning the natural rights of women" issued?

A) Seneca Falls
B) Niagara Falls
C) Desoto Falls
D) Gorge Falls
E) Yosemite Falls

Question 52

Who led the attack on the test of reasonableness in cases dealing with discrimination against women?

A) Sandra Day O'Connor
B) Thurgood Marshall
C) Ruth Bader Ginsburg
D) Alan Dershowitz
E) John Roberts.

Question 53

Ginsburg argued in Reed v. Reed that sexual discrimination should be subject to the

A) reasonable basis test.
B) strict scrutiny test.
C) relative scrutiny test.
D) clear and present danger test.
E) Lemmon test.

Question 54

Ruth Bader Ginsburg was an attorney with the

A) National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.
B) Jewish Defense League.
C) National Organization of Women.
D) American Civil Liberties Union.
E) National Organization of American Indians.

Question 55

The current legal standard in sex discrimination cases is the _______________ test, in which the law in question must be shown to serve important governmental objectives and substantially relate to the achievement of those objectives.

A) reasonable scrutiny
B) strict scrutiny
C) intermediate level heightened scrutiny
D) relative scrutiny
E) None of the Above

Question 56

What case is considered by some to be the equivalent for women's rights of the Brown v. Board of Education case for African Americans?

A) Craig v. Boren
B) Reed v. Reed
C) Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
D) Texas v. Allwhite
E) Roe v. Wade

Question 57

The present legal status of women was finally achieved in what case?

A) Reed v. Reed
B) Craig v. Boren
C) Harper v. Virginia Board of Education
D) Texas v. Allwhite
E) Roe V. Wade

Question 58

In Craig v. Boren, the Supreme Court applied what test?

A) intermediate level heightened scrutiny test
B) test of reasonableness
C) strict scrutiny
D) relative scrutiny
E) Lemon test.

Question 59

Native Americans are divided into two movements with different aspirations: one of which calls for _______________, and the other for _______________.

A) war with the United States; peace with the United States
B) equality in American society; separate citizenship and government
C) political power; moral justice power
D) cooperation with African Americans; cooperation with Hispanic Americans
E) succession from the United States; cooperation with American.

Question 60

Native Americans were given the right to vote in

A) 1850.
B) 1877.
C) 1924.
D) 1970.
E) 1990.

Question 61

The Architectural Barriers Act, which required that all buildings constructed with federal money or leased by the federal government be accessible to the handicapped, passed in

A) 1933.
B) 1968.
C) 1979.
D) 2001.
E) 2007.

Question 62

Under what act are firms with more than 25 employees barred from discriminating against disabled individuals in hiring or promotion, and companies are required to make "reasonable accommodations" for disabled employees?

A) Civil Rights Act of 1964
B) Architectural Barriers Act of 1968
C) Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1988
D) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
E) USA Patriot Act.

Question 63

When former mayor Michael Bloomberg apologized for the "stop and frisk" policy, he noted that _____% of people searched were Black or Hispanic.

A) 25%
B) 45%
C) 75%
D) 80%
E) 100%

Question 64

The #MeToo Movement was launched after allegations of sexual assault against:

A) Barrack Obama
B) Sean Hannity
C) Harvey Weinstein
D) Ted Cruz
E) Elon Musk

Question 65

Most people agree that to truly approach democracy, it is necessary to eliminate unfair discrimination.

Question 66

Very few groups within the U.S. population have suffered discrimination.
False

Question 67

The Fugitive Slave Act (1793) did not allow runaway slaves to be captured and returned to slave owners.

Question 68

De jure equality is the same as de facto equality.

Question 69

Unfair discrimination is the unequal treatment based on race, ethnicity, gender, and other distinctions.

Question 70

Actually equality is referred to as de jure equality.

Question 71

Dred Scott was a slave.

Question 72

In 1920, Missouri was admitted into the union as a free state.

Question 73

Nat Turner led a rebellion of slaves and was executed.

Question 74

The case of Dred Scott v. Sanford reached the court at a time when justices were seeking to define the legality of slavery.

Question 75

The Dred Scott case closed the door to judicial remedies for African Americans seeking legal protection.

Question 76

After the Civil War, southern states rejected the black codes.

Question 77

After the Civil War, the Supreme Court showed little interest in the rights of African Americans.

Question 78

In United States v. Cruikshank the Court considered the constitutionality of the Ku Klux Klan Act of 1870.

Question 79

Jim Crow laws had no effect on African Americans.

Question 80

The Plessy decision occurred after 1950.