Deck 5: Cardiovascular Drugs and Hypertension

Question 1

In the heart, in what direction does blood flow?

A) From the left atrium to the right atrium to the lungs to the left ventricle to the right ventricle
B) From the right atrium to right ventricle to the lungs to the left atrium to the left ventricle
C) From the right atrium to the left atrium to the lungs to the left ventricle to the right ventricle
D) From the left ventricle to the left atrium to the lungs to the right ventricle to the right atrium
E) From the right ventricle to the right atrium to the lungs to the left ventricle to the left atrium

Answer 1

B

Question 2

How do calcium channel blockers work?

A) By interfering with calcium entry through channels in the cell membrane
B) By interfering with calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
C) By inhibition of reuptake of calcium by the sarcoplasmic reticulum
D) By stimulating smooth muscle contraction
E) By increasing peripheral resistance

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What happens as a consequence of taking the calcium channel blocker amlodipine?

A) The heart has significantly less force of contraction
B) The heart rate decreases significantly
C) Conduction of heart contractions increases
D) Vascular smooth muscle dilates decreasing peripheral resistance
E) Angiotensin levels significantly decrease

Answer 3

D

Question 4

What is angiotensin II?

A) A steroid hormone
B) A calcium antagonist
C) A short peptide
D) A modified lipid molecule
E) Bound to ATP in its active state

Question 5

Angiotensin converting enzyme can do which of the following?

A) Decrease angiotensin II levels
B) Decrease bradykinin levels
C) Increase the level of angiotensin I
D) Inhibit renin activity
E) Metabolically stabilize aldosterone

Question 6

The actions of angiotensin II include which of the following?

A) Increased aldosterone activity
B) Salt and water retention
C) An increase in thirst
D) A direct effect causing vasoconstriction
E) All the above

Question 7

Atherosclerosis is caused by plaque building up in a blood vessel and the vessel's loss of flexibility and flow capacity.

Question 8

Angina results if blood flow to the heart is compromised and heart tissue lacks a sufficient source of oxygenated blood.

Question 9

Amlodipine is preferred over nifedipine for treating hypertensive patients long term because of its much longer plasma half-life.

Question 10

Angiotensin II causes a rapid decrease in blood volume and lowers blood pressure.

Question 11

Angiotensin receptor blockers are also effective at blocking bradykinin receptors.

Question 12

ACE inhibitors decrease the production of angiotensin II and thereby cause a decrease in blood pressure.

Question 13

Athletes should avoid angiotensin receptor blockers because they inhibit lipolysis and cause fatigue.

Question 14

Norepinephrine stimulates $\alpha$ -1 receptors on vascular smooth muscle, causing vasoconstriction, and raising blood pressure.

Question 15

Abnormal heart rhythms are called ________.