Question 1

Aspects that are likely to impact on labour supply include?&#10;A) Declining birth rates&#10;B) Government policy on migration&#10;C) Feminization of the labour market&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the given options are likely to impact labour supply. Declining birth rates will lead to a decrease in the number of potential workers in the future. Government policy on migration can affect the number of foreign workers who are allowed to work in a country and therefore impact labour supply. Feminization of the labour market refers to the increasing participation of women in the workforce, which can increase the size of the labour force.

Question 2

Amongst the A8 Accession states that provided a major supply of migrant labour to the UK are?&#10;A) Sweden&#10;B) Spain&#10;C) Lithuania&#10;D) Hungary

Accepted Answer

The A8 Accession states refer to the eight Central and Eastern European countries that joined the European Union in 2004. Among the options provided, Lithuania and Hungary are part of the A8 countries and have been significant sources of migrant labor to the UK. Sweden and Spain are EU members but were not part of the 2004 enlargement.

Question 3

Tier 2 refers to non-EU migrants who are?&#10;A) Unskilled workers&#10;B) Semi-skilled workers&#10;C) Skilled workers&#10;D) Students

Accepted Answer

Tier 2 of the UK visa system is for skilled workers who have been offered a job in the UK and have a Certificate of Sponsorship from a UK employer.

Question 4

The European Social Model approach to labour market regulation can be characterised as?&#10;A) Socialism&#10;B) An attempt to balance the interests of capital and labour&#10;C) Creating jobs for society at any cost&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The European Social Model approach to labour market regulation aims to balance the interests of capital and labour by promoting social dialogue, protecting worker's rights, ensuring job security, and providing social protection systems. It is not equivalent to socialism nor does it prioritize creating jobs at any cost.

Question 5

Recent Directives from the EU have covered which of the following aspects?&#10;A) Working time&#10;B) Trade union membership&#10;C) Unfair dismissal&#10;D) Parental leave

Accepted Answer

The EU has issued directives on various aspects of employment law, including working time (Directive 2003/88/EC) and parental leave (Directive 2010/18/EU), to harmonize labor standards across member states.

Question 6

Soft skills encompass?&#10;A) Numeracy&#10;B) Product knowledge&#10;C) Emotional labour&#10;D) Being IT literate

Accepted Answer

Soft skills are non-technical skills that are related to an individual's ability to interact effectively with other people. Emotional labor, or the ability to manage one's own emotions and respond empathetically to others, is an essential soft skill. Numeracy and IT literacy are technical skills, while product knowledge is considered a domain-specific knowledge.

Question 7

Which writer is associated with the 'Flexbile Firm' model?&#10;A) Riley&#10;B) Wood&#10;C) Atkinson&#10;D) Adler and Adler

Accepted Answer

The Flexible Firm model was first introduced by John Atkinson in the 1980s, in his book "Manpower Strategies for Flexible Organizations". Therefore, choice C is the correct answer.

Question 8

Functional flexibility is usually associated with?&#10;A) Multi-skilled employees&#10;B) Zero hours contracts&#10;C) Temporary workers&#10;D) Having people on call

Accepted Answer

Functional flexibility involves having employees who possess a range of skills that enables them to perform a variety of tasks and adapt to different roles within the organization. This is commonly referred to as multi-skilling, which is why option A is the best choice. Zero hours contracts, temporary workers, and having people on call are examples of contractual flexibility, which is a different concept.

Question 9

Numerical flexibility can be?&#10;A) Internal and external&#10;B) Internal only&#10;C) External only&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Numerical flexibility can be both internal and external. Internal numerical flexibility refers to the ability of an organization to adjust the number of working hours of its existing employees, while external numerical flexibility refers to the ability of an organization to adjust the number of its employees by hiring or laying off workers.

Question 10

Which of the following are examples of numerical flexibility?&#10;A) An employee who is good with numbers&#10;B) Shift working&#10;C) Homeworking&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Numerical flexibility typically refers to the ability of a business to change the number of employees working at a given time, such as through shift work or part-time employment. Option A is not an example of numerical flexibility, as it refers to a personal skill rather than a work arrangement. Option C may involve some degree of flexibility, but it is not necessarily numerical in nature. Therefore, option B is the best choice for an example of numerical flexibility.

Deck 4: Labour Markets