Question 1

One of the primary aims of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB: 2002) is to:&#10;A) provide funds to school districts to hire more school counselors.&#10;B) eliminate state departments of education.&#10;C) increase funding for underperforming schools.&#10;D) decrease the racial achievement gap

Accepted Answer

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2002 aimed to increase accountability in education by requiring states to implement standardized tests to measure school performance, with a particular focus on decreasing the achievement gap between different racial and socioeconomic groups.

Question 2

Research suggests that one contribution to the academic achievement gap between White and African-American students is that White students are more likely to:&#10;A) have more opportunities to be involved in sports.&#10;B) high quality instruction.&#10;C) attend schools that have many computers.&#10;D) receive special education services.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that African-American students are often subjected to lower quality instruction due to factors such as teacher bias, limited access to experienced teachers, and overcrowding in schools. This is one of the factors that contribute to the academic achievement gap between White and African-American students. The other options are not as strongly associated with the achievement gap.

Question 3

Stephen and Lindsey (2011) define cultural destructiveness as:&#10;A) the incorporation of various cultures within the curriculum.&#10;B) the desire to eliminate any mention of cultures other than the dominant, majority culture within the school setting.&#10;C) the incorporation of both English and Spanish in the curriculum.&#10;D) physical aggression among the students of a particular cultural background.

Accepted Answer

Cultural destructiveness refers to the intentional or unintentional devaluing, demeaning, or destruction of a culture that is different from the dominant, majority culture. This is often done by completely ignoring or excluding the culture from the curriculum and school setting. Choices A and C are not related to the concept of cultural destructiveness, and choice D refers to a form of physical violence and not cultural destruction.

Question 4

Stephen and Lindsey (2011) would characterize a teacher who believes that he or she treats all students alike as having:&#10;A) cultural destructiveness.&#10;B) cultural deficiency.&#10;C) cultural blindness.&#10;D) cultural recognition.

Accepted Answer

Stephen and Lindsey (2011) would characterize a teacher who believes in treating all students alike as having cultural blindness. This means that the teacher is not aware of or sensitive to the cultural differences that exist among their students, which can lead to misunderstandings and inequitable treatment. It is important for teachers to recognize and value the diverse backgrounds of their students in order to create an inclusive and respectful learning environment.

Question 5

Stephens and Lindsey (2011) would characterize who believes that the problems of minority students lie solely within themselves:&#10;A) culturally destructive.&#10;B) culturally deficiency.&#10;C) culturally blind&#10;D) culturally incapable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stephens and Lindsey (2011) would characterize who...

Question 6

Social justice counseling has been defined as the intentional efforts to:&#10;A) remove systems of oppression, inequity, inequality or exploitation of traditionally marginalized groups.&#10;B) help minorities understand how they can mimic the dominant White culture.&#10;C) help minority students learn to study more effectively.&#10;D) reduce the size of the federal government.

Accepted Answer

Social justice counseling aims to identify and challenge systemic forms of oppression that impact traditionally marginalized communities. Its goal is to advocate and work towards equity and justice for all individuals regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation or any other intersectional identity. It is about empowering people to make a change in their lives and in their larger social context.

Question 7

One suggested reason as to why school counselors are in an unique position to promote social justice within educational settings is that they have:&#10;A) training in psychopathology.&#10;B) the ability to conduct individual therapy.&#10;C) the same amount of formal power as principals.&#10;D) access to both formal and informal data.

Accepted Answer

School counselors have access to both formal (e.g. official school records) and informal data (e.g. student behavior and social interactions), which allows them to identify patterns of inequity and advocate for marginalized students. While they may have some training in psychopathology and the ability to conduct individual therapy, these skills are not necessary for promoting social justice in educational settings. Additionally, school counselors do not have the same amount of formal power as principals.

Question 8

In the ASCA National Model (2012), student advocacy is defined as:&#10;A) increasing students' awareness of how disparate power impacts their opportunities.&#10;B) demanding that the principal remove teachers who exhibit over prejudice.&#10;C) when school counselors directly intervene on the behalf of a student by identifying allies and implementing a plan.&#10;D) the identification of a systemic barrier to achievement.

Accepted Answer

In the ASCA National Model (2012), student advocacy is defined as "when school counselors directly intervene on the behalf of a student by identifying allies and implementing a plan." This involves advocating for individual students who may not have the ability or resources to advocate for themselves. It also involves empowering students to become self-advocates and to address systemic barriers to achievement. Option A and D are similar to the definition of systemic advocacy, which is not the same as student advocacy. Option B is inappropriate and unprofessional behavior for a school counselor.

Question 9

In the ASCA National Model (2012), an example of student empowerment would be:&#10;A) encouraging more minority parents to be involved in the school.&#10;B) changing state regulations which contribute to the racial academic achievement gap.&#10;C) helping a minority student understand how his negative self-concept is related to societal racism&#10;D) informing the public about issues relevant to social justice.

Accepted Answer

Student empowerment in the ASCA National Model involves helping students develop the skills and confidence to take control of their own lives and make positive changes. Helping a minority student understand how his negative self-concept relates to societal racism is an example of student empowerment because it involves raising awareness and providing tools for the student to take action in response to a systemic issue affecting their life. Choices A, B, and D may be important goals for a school counselor or social justice advocate, but they do not directly address individual student empowerment.

Question 10

In the ASCA National Model (2012), an example of social/political advocacy would be:&#10;A) encouraging more minority parents to be involved in the school.&#10;B) mediating between a minority student and White teacher.&#10;C) helping a minority student understand how his negative self-concept is related to societal racism&#10;D) seeking to modify a state's laws regarding bullying prevention to specifically identify lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) as a group in need of protection

Accepted Answer

Seeking to modify a state's laws regarding bullying prevention to specifically identify lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) as a group in need of protection is an example of social/political advocacy in the ASCA National Model. This involves advocating for policy change to address social issues and promote equity and justice for marginalized groups. A, B, and C are examples of other counseling interventions that do not specifically involve social/political advocacy.

Question 11

According to the ASCA National Model (2012) a school counselor who analyzes and presents data to the school administrators that suggests minority students tend not to be enrolled in advanced classes is using which type of advocacy?

A) Student advocacy
B) student empowerment
C) Social/political advocacy
D) Public information advocacy

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the ASCA National Model (2012)...

Question 12

According to the ASCA National Model (2012) a school counselor who analyzes and presents data to the school administrators that suggests minority students tend not to be enrolled in advanced classes is using which type of advocacy?

A) Student advocacy
B) student empowerment
C) Social/political advocacy
D) Public information advocacy

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the ASCA National Model (2012)...

Question 13

According to the ASCA National Model (2012) a school counselor who uses small- and large-group instruction to facilitating students' understanding of their own culture and those of others is using which type of advocacy?

A) Student advocacy
B) Student empowerment
C) Social/political advocacy
D) Public information advocacy

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the ASCA National Model (2012)...

Question 14

The ASCA National Model (2012) references four types of leadership. A school counselor who seeks to implement a comprehensive school counseling program is demonstrating which type of leadership?&#10;A) Structural leadership&#10;B) Human resource leadership&#10;C) Political leadership&#10;D) Symbolic leadership

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ASCA National Model (2012) references four...

Question 15

A school counselor who seeks to enhance his or her relationship with their administrator by understanding the administrator's vision for the school is demonstrating which type of leadership?&#10;A) Structural leadership&#10;B) Human resource leadership&#10;C) Political leadership&#10;D) Symbolic leadership

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school counselor who seeks to enhance...

Question 16

A school counselor who seeks to demonstrate a high level of integrity by abiding by the standards of the school counseling profession, as exemplified in the ASCA National Model (2012) and ASCA Ethical Standards (2010), is demonstrating which type of leadership?

A) Structural leadership
B) Human resource leadership
C) Political leadership
D) Symbolic leadership

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school counselor who seeks to demonstrate...

Question 17

A school counselor who helps a teacher identify the strengths of a minority student who is currently struggling academically is demonstrating which type of leadership?&#10;A) Structural leadership&#10;B) Human resource leadership&#10;C) Political leadership&#10;D) Symbolic leadership

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school counselor who helps a teacher...

Question 18

A school counselor who conducts a training for teachers regarding how Latino students approach to learning may differ from White students is demonstrating which type of leadership?&#10;A) Structural leadership&#10;B) Human resource leadership&#10;C) Political leadership&#10;D) Symbolic leadership

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school counselor who conducts a training...

Question 19

Standards-blending involves:&#10;A) educating parents about the school's curriculum.&#10;B) encouraging minority students to enroll in advanced classes.&#10;C) teaching math and reading in the same class.&#10;D) the integration of specific core academic standards with school counseling mindsets in a culturally competent manner.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Standards-blending involves:&#10;A) educating parents about the school's...

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of standards-blending?&#10;A) Mediating between a minority student and White teacher.&#10;B) Having students use a table or graph to present the results of informational interviews concerning career exploration.&#10;C) Having students ask their parents for help with their homework.&#10;D) Asking a principal to contribute funding to implement a comprehensive school counseling program.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Deck 3: Social Justice, Advocacy, Collaboration, Leadership, and Systemic Change