Deck 5: Law and Social Control

Question 1

The methods used by societal members to maintain order and promote predictability of behavior:

A) rulemaking
B) lawmaking
C) social science
D) social control

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The process by which social control is the consequence of socialization:

A) internalization of group norms
B) social norms
C) control through external pressure
D) negative sanctions

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A/an _________ is an established norm of common practice.

A) more
B) social norm
C) folkway
D) group norm

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Social norms associated with intense feelings of right and wrong are called _____________.

A) folkways
B) black letter law
C) mores
D) social norms

Question 5

Which of the following is not an example of a folkway?

A) incest
B) etiquette
C) use of language
D) modes of dress

Question 6

Informal social control works best in which type of society?

A) heterogeneous
B) complex division of labor
C) larger communities
D) homogeneous

Question 7

In her famous study of Missouri cities and towns, Sarah L. Boggs found that _____________.

A) small towns had a fear of crime from the bigger cities
B) neighborhood safety was related to the community's social network
C) people in large cities attribute safety to informal social controls
D) more people in the city than in the country thought their neighborhoods were safe

Question 8

China's most effective means of grassroots control:

A) the military
B) the KGB
C) the old-lady network
D) the Communist party

Question 9

Which of the following is not a characteristic of societies with formal social controls?

A) homogeneity
B) great division of labor
C) complexity
D) heterogeneity

Question 10

An example of a formal social control is all of the following except _____________.

A) denouncement
B) codes
C) decrees
D) none of the above

Question 11

What percentage of inmates in state and federal prison are serving life sentences?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 10
D) 27

Question 12

The cost per year for an inmate serving a life sentence is approximately _____________.

A) $720,000
B) $1,000,000
C) $1,140,000
D) $2,240,000

Question 13

The American prison system releases ___________ people each year.

A) 120,000
B) 350,000
C) 500,000
D) 600,000

Question 14

The process by which norms are moved from the social to the legal level:

A) legalization
B) decriminalization
C) legislation
D) moral entrepreneurship

Question 15

Which of the following is not a purpose of punishment?

A) incapacitation
B) incarceration
C) deterrence
D) retribution

Question 16

The theory of ____________ is based on the assumption that individuals will choose behavior that maximizes gain and minimizes loss.

A) incapacitation
B) certain punishment
C) decriminalization
D) deterrence

Question 17

What percentage of all reported auto thefts are fraudulent?

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 15%
D) 17%

Question 18

An example of an expressive crime would be _____________.

A) embezzlement
B) blackmail
C) tax evasion
D) 2^nd degree murder

Question 19

In the U.S., capital punishment was declared unconstitutional in _____________.

A) Brown v. Board of Education
B) Gregg v. Georgia
C) Furman v. Georgia
D) People v. LaValle

Question 20

This country has more court-ordered executions than all other nations combined:

A) China
B) Iran
C) the United States
D) Saudi Arabia

Question 21

In the U.S., the death penalty was reinstated by _____________.

A) Furman v. Georgia
B) Miranda v. Arizona
C) Gregg v. Georgia
D) People v. LaValle

Question 22

Critics of the death penalty contend that _____________.

A) it is ineffective
B) it is applied disproportionately
C) it can't be reversed
D) all of the above

Question 23

A victimless crime is defined as _____________.

A) a crime in which there is only one offender
B) a crime where no harm occurs
C) a crime where harm occurs primarily to the participating individuals
D) a crime in which the perpetrator only hurts him or herself

Question 24

All of the following is a type of so-called victimless crime except _____________.

A) statutory rape
B) gambling
C) abortion
D) suicide

Question 25

Behaviors made criminal by statute:

A) mala in se
B) mala prohibita
C) victimless crime
D) crimes against public indecency

Question 26

Crimes considered evil in themselves with public agreement on the dangers they pose:

A) mala in se
B) mala prohibita
C) moral majority
D) victimless crime

Question 27

The American market absorbs what percent of the world's production of illegal drugs?

A) 33%
B) 48%
C) 60%
D) 80%

Question 28

What percentage of all persons convicted of a felony in state court are drug offenders?

A) 28%
B) 33%
C) 50%
D) 80%

Question 29

Which of the following is not one of the broad categories of arrests for prostitution?

A) accosting
B) health regulation
C) tax evasion
D) "common prostitution"

Question 30

What percentage of the American public gambles?

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Question 31

Which of the following is the largest revenue stream for organized crime?

A) prostitution
B) gambling
C) illegal drugs
D) weapons

Question 32

The term "white-collar crime" was coined by _____________.

A) Edwin Sutherland
B) Gilbert Geis
C) John Updike
D) Emile Durkheim

Question 33

A crime committed by a person of respectability and high status in the course of his occupation:

A) victimless crime
B) white-collar crime
C) compulsive disorders
D) extortion

Question 34

Which of the following is not a method of controlling corporate activities?

A) processual
B) contextual
C) prospective
D) retrospective

Question 35

Control on private primary activity through administrative laws includes all but which of the following?

A) summons
B) licensing
C) inspection
D) threat of publicity

Question 36

Incest is an example of a folkway.

Question 37

Informal mechanisms of social control are most effective in societies with simple division of labor.

Question 38

China's community-based surveillance is modeled after that of the Soviet Union in the 1920s.

Question 39

Control through law is almost always based on the use of positive sanctions.

Question 40

America has more people in prison than any other country.

Question 41

Expressive crimes are usually planned out ahead of time.

Question 42

Haiti has the world's highest rate of gun ownership.

Question 43

Marijuana is the United States' largest cash crop.

Question 44

Criminal law is most effective in controlling illegal gambling.

Question 45

Private primary activity can be both harmful and good.

Question 46

Compare and contrast formal and informal social control. Include a discussion of the types of society typical of each and provide examples to illustrate your answer.

Question 47

What is deterrence? Compare and contrast specific and general deterrence. What variables impact the effectiveness of deterrence?

Question 48

Describe the arguments for and against the death penalty in the United States. Use examples when necessary.

Question 49

What is a victimless crime? Do you agree with the categorization of some crimes as "victimless"? Why or why not?

Question 50

Define and describe the processes by which control is exerted on private primary activity.