Question 1

The four basic manifestations of Parkinsonism are tremors, akinesia, postural disturbances, and ________________.&#10;A) rigidity&#10;B) cognitive deficits&#10;C) motor consequences&#10;D) behavioral changes

Accepted Answer

The four basic manifestations of Parkinsonism are tremors, akinesia (lack of voluntary movement), rigidity (stiffness of limbs and trunk), and postural disturbances. Cognitive deficits and behavioral changes can also occur as the disease progresses, but they are not among the four basic manifestations.

Question 2

What is the main manifestation of Alzheimer's disease?&#10;A) Motor changes&#10;B) Tremors&#10;C) Gait irregularities&#10;D) Dementia

Accepted Answer

The main manifestation of Alzheimer's disease is dementia, which includes memory loss, difficulty in performing routine activities, and a decline in cognitive abilities. Motor changes, tremors, and gait irregularities are more commonly associated with Parkinson's disease or other movement disorders.

Question 3

What is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) sometimes referred to?&#10;A) Parkinsonism&#10;B) Lou Gehrig's disease&#10;C) Duchenne's dystrophy&#10;D) Becker dystrophy

Accepted Answer

ALS is commonly referred to as Lou Gehrig's disease, after the famous baseball player who was diagnosed with the disease in 1939.

Question 4

Which of the following is a major component of the management program for individuals with Huntington's disease?&#10;A) Medications to reduce spasticity&#10;B) Speech therapy&#10;C) Physical therapy&#10;D) Behavioral management techniques

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a major...

Question 5

What causes secondary Parkinsonism?&#10;A) Ingestion of certain drugs&#10;B) Bacterial infections&#10;C) Viruses&#10;D) Genetics

Accepted Answer

Secondary Parkinsonism can be caused by ingestion of certain drugs, such as antipsychotics and calcium channel blockers.

Question 6

When neurons in the basal ganglia of the brain degenerate, what disease is manifested?&#10;A) Parkinson's disease&#10;B) Alzheimer's disease&#10;C) Encephalitis&#10;D) Huntington's disease

Accepted Answer

The answer of When neurons in the basal ganglia of...

Question 7

An individual with Parkinson's disease is having difficulty shaving and buttoning his clothes. What condition do these difficulties exhibit?&#10;A) Bradykinesia&#10;B) Muscle rigidity&#10;C) Stooped posture&#10;D) Dementia

Accepted Answer

Both shaving and buttoning require fine motor skills and precise movements, which are impaired in individuals with Bradykinesia, a symptom of Parkinson's disease that involves slow and reduced movements. Muscle rigidity, stooped posture, and dementia are other symptoms of Parkinson's disease, but they do not directly relate to difficulties with shaving or buttoning clothes.

Question 8

What medication is most often used in management of Parkinson's disease?&#10;A) Psychotropic medications&#10;B) Antidepressants&#10;C) Levodopa (l-dopa)&#10;D) Antiinflammatories

Accepted Answer

Levodopa (l-dopa) is the most commonly used medication in the management of Parkinson's disease. It is a precursor to dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is depleted in Parkinson's disease. Levodopa crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted to dopamine in the brain, thereby increasing dopamine levels and improving motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease.

Question 9

At what age does Duchenne's muscular dystrophy affect males?&#10;A) Adolescents&#10;B) Between 2 and 5 years of age&#10;C) Infancy&#10;D) Young adulthood

Accepted Answer

Duchenne's muscular dystrophy typically affects males between the ages of 2 and 5 years old.

Question 10

Individuals with ALS are able to maintain what ability throughout their illness?&#10;A) Muscle function&#10;B) Reflex control&#10;C) Mental alertness&#10;D) Manual dexterity

Accepted Answer

While individuals with ALS may experience loss of muscle function, reflex control, and manual dexterity, they are typically able to maintain their mental alertness and cognitive function.

Question 11

Discuss diagnosis of Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss diagnosis of Parkinson's disease....

Question 12

Describe the four manifestations of Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the four manifestations of Parkinson's disease....

Question 13

Describe the three types of manifestation of Huntington's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the three types of manifestation of...

Question 14

Discuss psychosocial issues in Huntington's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss psychosocial issues in Huntington's disease....

Question 15

Describe the manifestations of Alzheimer's disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the manifestations of Alzheimer's disease....

Question 16

Discuss vocational issues in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss vocational issues in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis...

Question 17

Describe the types of muscular dystrophy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the types of muscular dystrophy....

Question 18

Describe the manifestations of myasthenia gravis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the manifestations of myasthenia gravis....

Question 19

Describe management intervention for muscular dystrophy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe management intervention for muscular dystrophy....

Question 20

Describe management goals for persons with ALS.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe management goals for persons with ALS....

Deck 9: Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Conditions