Deck 21: Introduction to Cancers: General Methods of Identification and Management

Question 1

Sarcoma is cancer of:

A) the epithelial cells
B) the bone, muscle, or other connective tissue
C) the lymphatic system
D) the blood cells or blood precursor cells

Answer 1

B

Question 2

All of the following are examples of biological therapies except:

A) gene therapy
B) immunotherapy
C) chemotherapy
D) hormone therapy

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Mr. Z has recently had palliative surgery for colon cancer. The purpose of this surgery most probably was:

A) to cure the cancer
B) to prevent the spread of the cancer
C) to relieve manifestations or complications of cancer
D) for cosmetic purposes

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Malignant tumors:

A) are noncancerous
B) have cells that closely resemble normal cells in the tissue from which they are multiplied
C) are capable of destructive growth, and have the ability to invade surrounding tissues and move to other parts of the body
D) usually grow slowly, do not invade the surrounding tissue, remain localized, and do not recur once removed

Question 5

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the cause of cancer?

A) The exact cause of cancer is unknown.
B) There are probably many causes of cancer.
C) Some pollutants and viruses are known to increase the risk of cancer.
D) All of the above.

Question 6

With ____________________, high-energy rays are used to damage cancer cells and prevent them from growing and reproducing.

A) chemotherapy
B) radiation therapy
C) bone marrow transplantation
D) radical surgical procedures

Question 7

The term anaplasia means that cells are immature and undifferentiated; cells of origin are difficult to determine would describe which grading stage of cancer?

A) Stage I
B) Stage II
C) Stage III
D) Stage IV

Question 8

When using the TNM system for staging, what does the M stand for?

A) Mild
B) Malignant
C) Metastasis
D) Moderate

Question 9

A(n) ____________________ involves a tubular device that is inserted into a hollow organ or cavity to visualize the inside of the structure directly.

A) Endoscopy
B) Cytology
C) Colonoscopy
D) Laparoscopy

Question 10

One of the side effects of chemotherapy is alopecia. What does this mean?

A) Loss of appetite
B) Hair loss
C) Low white blood cell count
D) Vomiting

Question 11

You recently received Mrs. Q's medical report and noted that she had a malignant tumor removed from her lung and that the results of the biopsy, using TNM staging, showed T2N3M2. What does this information tell you which may be helpful to you in rehabilitation planning?

Question 12

Ms. R has recently had a melanoma removed from her chest. What is a melanoma and what additional information would you want to obtain from her physician?

Question 13

List precautions that need to be taken care for individuals who received bone marrow transplantation.

Question 14

Distinguish between carcinoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, leukemia, and melanoma cancer types.

Question 15

Discuss why staging of cancer is important.

Question 16

Explain what benign and malignant tumors are and how they differ from each other.

Question 17

What are histologic studies and grading, and what are the four levels by which cells are graded?

Question 18

What are the classifications of management modalities for cancer? Also discuss some of the factors that need to be considered when deciding what is the best approach for an individual with cancer.

Question 19

There are four types of surgical procedures used for local management of cancer. List and explain them.

Question 20

Discuss the various procedures used to identify cancer.