Deck 5: Cultural Politics of Race and Ethnicity

Question 1

A child born to Indian and Spanish parents was classified in the early coloniaperiod as a:

A) mestizo
B) mulato
C) moreno
D) gazulo

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Hypergamy can best be described as:

A) a policy in which it is more acceptable for lower-class women to engage in sexual relations with men of higher socio-economic ranks than vice versa
B) a policy in which it is more acceptable for lower-class men to engage in sexual relations with women of higher socio-economic ranks than vice versa
C) a policy in which socio-economic ranks are not allowed to engage in sexual relations with anyone outside of their rank
D) a policy of marrying multiple spouses in a different array of social and economic ranks

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The meaning that racial categories acquire in social settings and through ascriptiois called:

A) collective racism
B) belongingness
C) personal identity
D) identification

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the term indigenismo?

A) a policy that advocates that Indians are the original master race
B) a set of social theories that relate to the colonial categories of race and argue that Indians should not be compared to Whites
C) a set of evolutionary theories that advocate that Indians are superior to Whites and need to assert their hegemonic rights and eliminate all Whites
D) a set of social theories relating to the relationships between Indian and White races and advocating the social redemption of the Indian race

Question 5

In 20^th century Cuzco, indigenista intellectuals advocated that:

A) Indians should be bilingual and speak a European language
B) Indians should move to urban areas and replace Whites
C) Indians should be separated from Whites
D) Indians should try to assimilate into White culture

Question 6

In Latin America, decency is often equated with:

A) hygiene
B) morality
C) economic status
D) all of the above

Question 7

Mestizaje is:

A) a mixture of both Indian and White social and physical attributes
B) a biological mixture resulting from Indian and Spanish parentage
C) an ideology of racial mixing
D) a political party that advocates Mestizo power

Question 8

All of the following are key elements in the successful Kayapo strategy to halconstruction of the Altamira Dam except:

A) construction of an interethnic front of several indigenous groups
B) use of an indigenist environmental strategy
C) appropriation of media technology for self-representation
D) engagement with international media

Question 9

Which of the following is associated with the genocidal policies against the MayIndians in Guatemala in the 1980s and early 1990s?

A) rise of a pan-Maya identity
B) eradication of all forms of indigenous policy
C) complete extermination of Maya Indians
D) the emergence of a new policy of mestizaje

Question 10

What is a primary challenge associated with the extension of intellectual propertrights to indigenous groups today?

A) indigenous groups got their knowledge from someone else
B) it is difficult to identify and separate members of a group as actual owners
C) there is no way to identify knowledge with a cultural group
D) indigenous people do not have intellectual property

Question 11

Which of the following is the least reliable indicator of indigenous identity?

A) DNA
B) group associations
C) cultural affiliations
D) self-identity

Question 12

What is one of the greatest challenges that Latin American and Caribbean peoplface when migrating to the United States?

A) understanding culture in the United States
B) communicating in their neighborhoods
C) creating an entirely new identity
D) finding employment

Question 13

What did Bourgois find to be the primary reason that people from El Barrio chosto engage in the drug economy?

A) it provided economic security and the possibility of social mobility
B) it allowed them to travel to new urban areas
C) it was an employment that did not require the use of English
D) it helped them to establish social connections with people internationally

Question 14

In the section "In Their Own Words," Marta Silva Vito Guaraní argues that thmost significant component of being Guaraní today is:

A) political representation
B) education
C) language
D) land

Question 15

Among Puerto Ricans in New York City, Bourgois found that:

A) racial discrimination was a major structural force that produced social crisis
B) migration split families and destroyed the fabric of Puerto Rican society
C) individuals did not want to be a part of contemporary American society
D) cultural factors caused Puerto Rican families to be unable to adapt

Question 16

Racial classifications in Latin America are more about comparisons than rigidifferences.

Question 17

Race is a social construct and is created similarly from one to another society.

Question 18

Casta paintings represent attempts by elite Mexicans to create coherent social anracial categories to make sense out of the increasingly complex cultural diversity in the New World.

Question 19

Decency in elite circles in Latin America is often equated with morality as much abehavior.

Question 20

Mestizaje was often linked to development and modernization programs in th1950s.

Question 21

Many of the indigenist demands undermine the creation of a homogeneous nationacitizenry.

Question 22

In the EZLN, women of Chiapas are able to serve as part of the indigenous military.

Question 23

Intellectual property rights are strictly related to indigenous rights in Latin America.

Question 24

"Latino" is an ethnic category in the United States.

Question 25

Drug-trafficking, crime, and violence are not related to racial discrimination ansegregation in the United States.

Question 26

What are the advantages of racial "passing" in some areas of Latin America and thCaribbean?

Question 27

Distinguish between the concepts of Indian and indigenous.

Question 28

Give two examples of indigenous ethnic revitalization.

Question 29

What is the relationship between gender and ethnicity?

Question 30

Describe the cultural construction of race.

Question 31

Choose one of the origin myths of the "mestizo nation" and describe how imanifests an ideology of mestizaje.

Question 32

Describe two positions that explain the relation between Indian ethnicity ansocioeconomic status.