Deck 4: Leading in Criminal Justice

Question 1

Which of the following is not among Eric Beebe's six paradigms of leadership?

A)great man
B)transitional
C)transformational
D)trait

Answer 1

transitional

Question 2

The concept of a "transformational leader" was introduced by

A)Peter Drucker
B)Eric Beebe
C)Bernard Bass
D)James MacGregor Burns

Answer 2

James MacGregor Burns

Question 3

In which of the following cases would a police chief be engaged in "executive work?

A)investigating a crime
B)directing traffic
C)writing a traffic citation
D)none of the above

Answer 3

none of the above

Question 4

Implementation of major goals and objectives is referred to as

A)first-order policymaking
B)second-order policymaking
C)primary policymaking
D)none of the above

Question 5

Which of the following is a skill identified by Robert Katz as important to leadership?

A)technical skills
B)human relations skills
C)conceptual skill
D)all of the above

Question 6

Which of the following styles encourages employee input?

A)democratic
B)authoritarian
C)autocratic
D)all of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is a characteristic of the laissez-faire manager?

A)team builder
B)seeks employee input
C)concerned about the needs of the workers
D)none of the above

Question 8

Who of the following was a leader in the "human relations" movement?

A)Elton Mayo
B)Frederick Roethlisberger
C)William J. Dixon
D)all of the above

Question 9

Which of the following statements is not true about the Hawthorne studies?

A) improved lighting increases productivity
B) reduced lighting decreased productivity
C) reduced lighting increased productivity
D) they were commissioned by Western Electric

Question 10

According to Abraham Maslow, which of the following is the need to develop one's skills and responsibilities to the maximum?

A) self actualization
B) money
C) safety
D) security

Question 11

Which of the following is a hygiene factor according to Frederick Herzberg?

A) recognition
B) responsibility
C) salary
D) advancement

Question 12

Which of the following is a motivational factor according to Frederick Herzberg?

A) peer relations
B) company policy
C) responsibility
D) benefits

Question 13

Which of the following theories relies on coercive practices, negative reinforcement and punishment?

A) theory x
B) theory y
C) both theory x and theory y
D) neither theory x nor theory y

Question 14

Which of the following is not a Theory X assumption?

A) the average worker does as little as possible
B) people are not passive or resistant to organizational needs
C) the average worker lacks ambition
D) management is responsible for the key productive elements

Question 15

Which of the following theories is not associated with the human relations school?

A) theory y
B) hygiene/motivation theory
C) scientific management
D) all of the above are human relations theories

Question 16

Of Blake and Mouton's styles of management, this is the one that has high concern for people and low concern for production.

A) the country club style
B) the produce or perish style
C) the middle of the road style
D) the team style

Question 17

In his essay "Economy of Incentives," Chester Barnard identifies which of the following inducements used to motivate workers

A) material inducements
B) desirable physical conditions
C) expanded participation
D) all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following rules is not proposed by James Marsh and Michael Cohen for building an organizational coalition?

A) spend time
B) suppress opposition participation
C) manage unobtrusively
D) all of the above are suggested rules

Question 19

According to Theodore Caplow, which of the following is a major managerial error?

A) set unmistakable goals
B) supervise the work not the worker
C) overcontrolling
D) reward sparingly; punish more sparingly

Question 20

Fred Fiedler's study of "contingency model" leadership effectiveness concludes that:

A) there is only one ideal managerial leadership style.
B) power issues are not important in selecting a leadership style.
C) task structure issues are important in selecting a leadership style.
D) leader?subordinate relations do not matter in selecting a leadership style.

Question 21

Most managers in public service are elected

Question 22

According to Chester Barnard, executives mainly engage in "organization work"

Question 23

First-order policymaking sets the major goals and objectives for an organization

Question 24

The Leader Behavior Descriptive Questionnaire (LBDQ) examines leadership traits

Question 25

There is almost universal agreement among authors as to the important traits that leaders possess

Question 26

Richard Neustadt emphasized the importance of the "power to persuade"

Question 27

According to Robert Katz, empathy is an important human relations skill

Question 28

Authoritarian leadership encourages employee input

Question 29

Democratic leadership encourages team building

Question 30

Democratic leaders could be described as "bossy busybodies"

Question 31

The "Hawthorne Studies" were vital in the formation of the Human Relations school

Question 32

Abraham Maslow developed the hierarchy of human needs

Question 33

According to Frederick Herzberg, salary is a motivator

Question 34

Theory X assumes that the average worker lacks ambition

Question 35

Theory Y assumes that people are passive and resistant to organizational needs

Question 36

Fred Luthans argued for a "contingency approach" to management

Question 37

Chester Barnard developed the "management leadership grid"

Question 38

The produce or perish style of management has a high concern for people

Question 39

In "Economy of Incentives," Chester Barnard established principles for leading by negotiation

Question 40

Richard Cyert and James Marsh view organizations as coalitions

Question 41

According to Theodore Caplow, overcontrolling employees is a minor mistake of managers

Question 42

What is the "trait" approach to leadership selection? Do academics totally agree on the most important attributes that a leader must have? What do you think are the three most important traits that an effective leader must have? Justify your response.

Question 43

What were the major principles advanced by "scientific management?" What role did the Hawthorne Studies play in reconsidering Frederick Taylor's ideas?

Question 44

How is the human relations approach to management different than that advocated by Frederick Taylor and "scientific management?" Describe three major authors in the human relations school. Take one human relations approach and explain how it could/should be applied in a police department.