Question 1

Which of the following injuries would be considered a musculoskeletal disorder that has resulted from an individual's occupation?&#10;A) carpal tunnel syndrome from typing&#10;B) rotator cuff tear secondary to lifting a heavy object&#10;C) ankle sprain from slipping&#10;D) knee meniscus injury from a fall at work

Accepted Answer

Musculoskeletal disorders at the workplace must result from repetitive strain. Musculoskeletal disorders do not include injuries resulting from slips, trips, falls, or accidents. The disorder must be directly related to the employee's job and specifically connected to activities that form the core or significant part of the job.

Question 2

Which of the following gases binds with hemoglobin 240 times quicker than oxygen?&#10;A) carbon dioxide&#10;B) nitrous oxide&#10;C) argon&#10;D) nitrogen

Accepted Answer

Carbon dioxide combines 240 times more quickly with hemoglobin than oxygen, so when carbon dioxide is bound to hemoglobin, its oxygen-carrying capacity is decreased. In the presence of carbon dioxide, oxygen is not released normally by the blood, resulting in tissue hypoxia.

Question 3

Which of the following heat illnesses will require referral to a physician?&#10;A) heat syncope&#10;B) heat cramps&#10;C) heat stroke&#10;D) heat exhaustion

Accepted Answer

If the core body temperature is elevated above 104° F, a patient may be experiencing exertional heat stroke. This is a medical emergency.

Question 4

Which of the following has the longest wavelength?&#10;A) radiowaves&#10;B) microwaves&#10;C) infrared waves&#10;D) ultraviolet waves

Accepted Answer

Radiowaves can be the length of a football field, while ultraviolet waves are smaller than a bacteria or virus.

Question 5

Cilia and mucus-secreting cells are absent in what part of the respiratory system?&#10;A) trachea&#10;B) esophagus&#10;C) bronchus&#10;D) alveoli

Accepted Answer

Cilia and mucus-secreting cells are absent in the small bronchioles and alveoli. The body depends on macrophages to remove any of the tiny particles that lodge in these areas. This process is often sabotaged because substances such as silica dust can destroy the macrophages.

Question 6

At what measurement does lead become toxic in the bloodstream in children?&#10;A) 3 mg/dL&#10;B) 5 mg/dL&#10;C) 10 mg/dL&#10;D) 15 mg/dL

Accepted Answer

A normal blood lead level is zero. Apparent toxicity is not usually demonstrated until the blood serum lead levels exceed 24 mg/dL in adults and 10 mg/dL in children.

Question 7

Toxic polyneuropathy affects which of the following first?&#10;A) heart and lungs&#10;B) central nervous system&#10;C) cranial nerves&#10;D) distal limbs

Accepted Answer

Toxic polyneuropathy affects the distal limbs first, reflecting the greater vulnerability of the longest nerve axons. Sensory disturbances are usually reported as a tingling or burning sensation distributed by a stocking and glove pattern.

Question 8

Veterans of the Vietnam War are predisposed to what two diseases secondary to exposure of dioxin in the herbicide mixture Agent Orange?&#10;A) atherosclerosis and diabetes&#10;B) diabetes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia&#10;C) myasthenia gravis and atherosclerosis&#10;D) myasthenia gravis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Accepted Answer

Survivors of the Vietnam War who have been exposed to a dioxin contained in the herbicide mixture Agent Orange are known to be at risk for diabetes and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Question 9

Injury to what body part constitutes the majority of work-related cases?&#10;A) upper extremity&#10;B) back&#10;C) lower extremity&#10;D) neck

Accepted Answer

Back injuries account for 60% of all work-related cases, and upper extremity injuries account for a majority of the remaining percentage.

Question 10

Which of the following allergic reactions to latex is caused by sensitization to the proteins in natural rubber latex?&#10;A) immediate hypersensitivity&#10;B) horizontal cracks of the skin&#10;C) irritation contact dermatitis&#10;D) mild to severe allergic contact dermatitis

Accepted Answer

Immediate hypersensitivity and irritation contact dermatitis are related to mechanical and chemical exposure, whereas latex allergy is caused by sensitization to the proteins in natural rubber latex.

Question 11

Which of the following groups of individuals is most likely to exhibit multiple chemical sensitivity?&#10;A) children&#10;B) Gulf war veterans&#10;C) health care workers&#10;D) miners

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following groups of individuals...

Question 12

High levels of what chemical are associated with chloracne and porphyria cutanea tardea?&#10;A) asbestos&#10;B) carbon monoxide&#10;C) gasoline&#10;D) dioxin

Accepted Answer

The answer of High levels of what chemical are associated...

Question 13

What is the leading cause of mercury accumulation in humans?&#10;A) eating contaminated fish&#10;B) coal-burning power plants&#10;C) petroleum refineries&#10;D) mining-related wastes

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the leading cause of mercury...

Question 14

Which of the following structures is not well developed in infants and puts them at greater risk for developing central nervous system (CNS)complications from environmental contaminants?&#10;A) surfactant in the lungs&#10;B) blood-brain barrier&#10;C) epiphyseal plates&#10;D) neural tube

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following structures is not...

Question 15

Which of the following individuals is most likely to be harmed by environmental contaminants?&#10;A) 8-year-old female&#10;B) 17-year-old male&#10;C) 35-year-old female&#10;D) 80-year-old male

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following individuals is most...

Question 16

Which of the following is the federal research agency that conducts studies to develop safety and health standards?&#10;A) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)&#10;B) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)&#10;C) Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)&#10;D) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is the federal...

Question 17

Where is lead primarily stored in the body?&#10;A) blood&#10;B) bone&#10;C) renal system&#10;D) skin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Where is lead primarily stored in the...

Question 18

The effect of which of the following chemicals has been referred to as creating an estrogen-dominant environment?&#10;A) asbestos&#10;B) nitrous oxide&#10;C) petrochemicals&#10;D) mercury

Accepted Answer

The answer of The effect of which of the following...

Question 19

What childhood disease has been linked to the use of home insecticides and garden fungicides during pregnancy and early childhood?&#10;A) cerebral palsy&#10;B) muscular dystrophy&#10;C) leukemia&#10;D) hydrocephalus

Accepted Answer

The answer of What childhood disease has been linked to...

Question 20

What two chemicals are responsible for acid rain?&#10;A) hydrogen peroxide and carbon dioxide&#10;B) sulfur dioxide and hydrogen oxide&#10;C) hydrogen peroxide and nitrogen oxide&#10;D) sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide

Accepted Answer

The answer of What two chemicals are responsible for acid...

Deck 28: Environmental and Occupational Medicine