Question 1

The treatment choice for serious infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is which of the following?&#10;A)Penicillin G&#10;B)Tetracyclines&#10;C)Vancomycin&#10;D)Amoxicillin

Accepted Answer

Vancomycin is one of the main drugs used to treat resistant staph.Other choices include linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin.

Question 2

Which of the following physical activities should be avoided most by a patient taking ciprofloxacin?&#10;A)Running on an incline&#10;B)Exercise on a rowing machine&#10;C)Back extension exercise on a roman chair&#10;D)Exercise on a stairmaster

Accepted Answer

Ciprofloxacin may cause rupture of the Achilles tendon since it interferes with collagen synthesis.Running on an incline produces a stretch to the tendon as well as a forceful contraction.

Question 3

A side effect of the long-term use of antibiotics for nearly all in the category includes which of the following?&#10;A)Discoloration of the teeth&#10;B)Clostridium difficile enteritis&#10;C)Kidney failure&#10;D)Liver failure

Accepted Answer

Long-term use of antibiotics kills off helpful bacteria in the gut allowing C-diff to grow unchecked.

Question 4

Primary use for penicillins is in the treatment of which of the following?&#10;A)Gram-positive bacteria&#10;B)Acid-fast bacilli&#10;C)Spirochetes&#10;D)Rickettsiae

Accepted Answer

Primary use of penicillin is to treat gram-positive organisms like Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia.

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common cause of resistance to penicillins?&#10;A)Inactivation of &#946;-lactamases&#10;B)Alteration of target penicillin-binding proteins&#10;C)Permeability barriers&#10;D)Altered metabolic pathway

Accepted Answer

Inactivation by bacterial β-lactamases is the most common reason for resistance to penicillins.This is the reason why clavulanic acid (a β-lactamase inhibitor)may be added to drugs.

Question 6

A difference between gram-positive organisms and gram-negative organisms is that the negative organisms contain which of the following?&#10;A)&#946;-lactamases&#10;B)Peptidoglycan strands&#10;C)Penicillin-binding proteins&#10;D)An outer and inner membrane

Accepted Answer

Gram-negative bacteria contains an inner and outer membrane separated by a periplasmic space.In addition these organisms contain specialized aqueous pores that only allow passage of drugs of a particular size.

Question 7

Treatment of Clostridium difficile infection may include which of the following?&#10;A)Metronidazole&#10;B)Erythromycin&#10;C)Tetracyclines&#10;D)Doxycycline

Accepted Answer

Metronidazole and vancomycin are the drugs of choice for the treatment of C.difficile.

Question 8

An advantage of third and fourth generation cephalosporins over earlier iterations of these drugs includes which of the following?&#10;A)Greater activity against gram-positive bacteria&#10;B)Are beta lactam inhibitors&#10;C)Show no cross-sensitivity with penicillins&#10;D)Penetrate into the CNS making them useful in meningitis

Accepted Answer

Third and Fourth generation cephalosporins have greater activity against gram-negative bacteria plus they penetrate the CNS in greater concentrations high enough to treat bacterial menigeal infections.

Question 9

Duration of drug treatment for active Tuberculosis not resistant to isoniazid is which of the following?&#10;A)2 months&#10;B)6 months&#10;C)12 months&#10;D)15 months

Accepted Answer

Treatment for TB includes combination therapies for 6 to 9 months duration.Co-infection with HIV extends treatment to 12 months.

Deck 20: Antimicrobial Agents