Deck 5: Introduction to Theories in Hdfs

Question 1

Theory is not an essential component to understanding the HDFS field.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which core component of a theory is also called a construct?

A) concept
B) relation
C) proposition
D) observation

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which core component of a theory is an association or link between concepts?

A) construct
B) relation
C) proposition
D) observation

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which core component of a theory is when concepts are related to one another in a meaningful and specific way?

A) construct
B) relation
C) proposition
D) observation

Question 5

Theories can only have one proposition which systematically predicts how individuals and families develop and behave.

Question 6

Which perspective focuses on the timing and ordering of events that shape development?

A) Lifespan perspective
B) Life course perspective
C) Family systems perspective
D) Sociobiological perspective

Question 7

Ontogenetic growth is defined as normative ___________________ development:

A) biological
B) cognitive
C) emotional
D) family

Question 8

Which system in the bioecological systems theory is the closest to the individual?

A) microsystem
B) macrosystem
C) exosystem
D) chronosystem

Question 9

Which system is the relationship between two or more microsystems?

A) macrosystem
B) mesosystem
C) exosystem
D) chronosystem

Question 10

Which system for a developing child includes a parent's workplace?

A) microsystem
B) macrosystem
C) exosystem
D) chronosystem

Question 11

Which system highlights how time is an essential component to human development?

A) microsystem
B) macrosystem
C) exosystem
D) chronosystem

Question 12

Which theory proposes that development occurs within a number of nested and interactive environmental systems?

A) Bioecological systems theory
B) Symbolic interaction theory
C) Lifespan theory
D) Social exchange theory

Question 13

What are the four components of the PPCT model?

A) process, person, context, and theory
B) process, person, context, and time
C) parents, person, context, and theory
D) process, parents, context, and time

Question 14

Proximal processes are a central concept within the symbolic interaction theory.

Question 15

Which theory focuses on how our social rules are created through human interactions?

A) Bioecological systems theory
B) Symbolic interaction theory
C) Lifespan theory
D) Social exchange theory

Question 16

Urie Bronfenbrenner is the founder of the sociocultural theory.

Question 17

Which symbolic interaction theorist developed the concept of the looking glass self?

A) George Herbert Mead
B) Lev Vygotsky
C) Charles Cooley
D) John Watson

Question 18

Which theory argues individuals behave based on perceptions of rewards and costs?

A) Social learning theory
B) Social cognitive theory
C) Sociocultural theory
D) Social exchange theory

Question 19

According to social exchange theorists, an example of a reward is:

A) approval
B) hurt
C) embarrassment
D) effort

Question 20

What is the process by which animals that are best suited to their environment are more likely to survive, reproduce, and pass their genes on to their offspring?

A) genetic selection
B) sexual selection
C) natural selection
D) random selection

Question 21

Which theory is critiqued because it does not acknowledge that some individuals have more or less power in relationships?

A) Feminist theory
B) Attachment theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Sociocultural theory

Question 22

According to the social exchange theory, if Jane is in a relationship with Tom that begins to incur costs which outweigh the rewards, what might happen?

A) The relationship between Jane and Tom ends
B) There may be conflict between Jane and Tom
C) Jane may consider alternative options
D) All of the above

Question 23

What is the process that explains differences among males and females as one sex competes to mate with another sex?

A) genetic selection
B) sexual selection
C) natural selection
D) random selection

Question 24

Which theory requires HDFS scholars to challenge the status quo and think critically about gender, power, privilege, context, and diversity as relevant to the study of families and development?

A) Feminist theory
B) Attachment theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Sociocultural theory

Question 25

Binary is the idea that people can fall into one of two oppositional categories, such as gay or heterosexual.

Question 26

Susan is researching both gender and sexual diversity, and she acknowledges that there is fluidity in her participants' identities and behaviors across their lifespans. Which theory would provide a framework for her research?

A) Queer theory
B) Social exchange theory
C) Attachment theory
D) Family systems theory

Question 27

Praxis is generally referred to as putting theory into practice and is a call for social activism.

Question 28

Classical conditioning is a concept commonly associated with B. F. Skinner.

Question 29

Which cognitive developmental theorist argued that children pass through four stages of cognitive development?

A) John Watson
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Jean Piaget

Question 30

Cognitive developmental theorists agree that all individuals reach the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 31

Which cognitive developmental theorist first developed the concept of gender constancy?

A) John Watson
B) Lawrence Kohlberg
C) Carol Gilligan
D) Jean Piaget

Question 32

Who is the founder of sociocultural theory?

A) John Watson
B) Jean Piaget
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) John Bowlby

Question 33

Which theory is in contrast to cognitive developmental theory in that there are no distinct developmental stages, but rather assumes development is a dynamic, continuous process?

A) Sociocultural theory
B) Attachment theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Symbolic interaction theory

Question 34

Which theory emphasizes cultural development rather than development in general?

A) Sociocultural theory
B) Social learning theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Social cognitive theory

Question 35

Which theory emphasizes that language is an essential tool for how we learn?

A) Attachment theory
B) Sociocultural theory
C) Social exchange theory
D) Symbolic interaction theory

Question 36

The social learning theory argues individuals learn through:

A) personal experience
B) direct communication
C) modeling
D) all of the above

Question 37

Which theorist renamed social learning theory to social cognitive theory?

A) Albert Bandura
B) Jean Piaget
C) John Watson
D) Lev Vygotsky

Question 38

Johnny's parents provided inconsistent caregiving as he was growing up. As an adult, he needs very high levels of care from his partner, but he is willing to give high levels of care to his partner. According to attachment theory, Johnny is an _______________________ individual.

A) unattached
B) avoidant
C) anxious
D) over attached

Question 39

According to attachment theory, which individuals had limited experience with adequate caregiving, find it difficult to trust others, and are less willing to provide care to their partners?

A) avoidant
B) anxious
C) securely attached
D) unattached

Question 40

Which attachment theorist developed the "Strange Situation" paradigm to assess children's attachment style?

A) Albert Bandura
B) Mary Ainsworth
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) John Bowlby

Question 41

Which type of feedback loop helps the system to maintain the status quo?

A) positive
B) negative
C) neutral
D) none

Question 42

The negative feedback loop promotes change and encourages the system to deviate from the typical pattern.

Question 43

According to conflict theory, avoidance or suppression of conflict leads to optimal outcomes for families.

Question 44

Which theory stresses it is important to consider power differentials to understand how family members negotiate conflict?

A) Feminist theory
B) Family systems theory
C) Conflict theory
D) Social exchange theory

Question 45

Many theories are complementary and work together to explain more about human behavior, thoughts, and feelings than a singular theory alone.