Deck 25: The Crisis Deepens: World War II

Question 1

Which Western European and Western Hemisphere nations other than Italy and Germany developed authoritarian governments by 1939? Why and how?

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

What were the underlying causes of World War II,and what specific steps taken by Nazi Germany and Japan led to war? What were the main events of World War II in Europe and Asia? What was the crucial year in determining the outcome of World War II,and why?

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

Was the personal background and skill of Adolf Hitler,the state of German society in the early 1930s,or the political and economic problems of the Weimar Republic most important in bringing Hitler to power in 1933? How,and why?

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

Why were militarists able to gain and exert so much power in Japan in the 1930s? Did their control of government make the Pacific phase of World War II inevitable? Explain.

Question 5

Why did Japan ultimately fail in its campaign of "Asia for the Asians"?

Question 6

Did the entrance of the United States into World War II,coming about six months after the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union,make the defeat of Germany,Japan,and Italy inevitable? Why or why not?

Question 7

Which of the two World Wars had the greatest impact on the twentieth century? Be specific.

Question 8

Identify the following terms.
"totalitarian state"

Question 9

Identify the following terms.
Beer Hall Putsch

Question 10

What are the characteristics of totalitarian states,and to what degree were these characteristics present in Fascist Italy,Nazi Germany,and Stalinist Russia? To what extent was Japan a totalitarian state? What was "fascism" and what was its appeal to so many in the first half of the twentieth century?

Question 11

Discuss Japan's successes and failures in its conflict with China from 1931 until 1945.

Question 12

Identify the following terms.
National Socialist German Workers' Party/Nazis

Question 13

Identify the following terms.
Benito Mussolini's Fascio di Combattimento

Question 14

Describe the Holocaust in terms of its most significant events and participants.Which groups were targeted,and why?

Question 15

Compare and contrast the authoritarianism of Stalin's Soviet Union with that of Hitler's Germany.What are the similarities and what are the differences between the two regimes? Was one more totalitarian than the other? Why and how?

Question 16

What was the "Cold War," and was it inevitable? Why or why not?

Question 17

Identify the following terms.
Adolf Hitler and Mein Kampf

Question 18

What were the costs of World War II? How did World War II affect the European nations' colonial empires? How did the Allies' visions of the postwar world differ,and how did these differences contribute to the emergence of the Cold War? How did the attempt to arrive at a peace settlement after World War II lead to the beginnings of a new conflict known as the Cold War? What were the most significant ideas and outcomes of the conferences at Tehran,Yalta,and Potsdam?

Question 19

How,and why,did the battles in the Coral Sea and at Midway in the Pacific and at Stalingrad in Europe mark the turning points of World War II? Why then,and not sooner or later?

Question 20

How did Hitler attempt to implement his New Order in Europe? To what degree was it effective and in line with his ideological goals? Why?

Question 21

Identify the following terms.
Nuremberg rallies and Nuremberg laws

Question 22

Identify the following terms.
SA/Sturmabteilung

Question 23

Identify the following terms.
the Rhineland and Ethiopia

Question 24

Identify the following terms.
five-year plans

Question 25

Identify the following terms.
the Sudetenland

Question 26

Identify the following terms.
Munich conference/appeasement

Question 27

Identify the following terms.
collectivization of agriculture/the kolkhoz

Question 28

Identify the following terms.
SS/Schutzstaffel

Question 29

Identify the following terms.
Austrian annexation

Question 30

Identify the following terms.
Kristallnacht

Question 31

Identify the following terms.
the Aryan racial state

Question 32

Identify the following terms.
Hitler-Stalin nonaggression pact

Question 33

Identify the following terms.
Old Bolsheviks and the purges

Question 34

Identify the following terms.
Rome-Berlin Axis and the Anti-Comintern Pact

Question 35

Identify the following terms.
the Enabling Act

Question 36

Identify the following terms.
Mukden incident and Manchukuo

Question 37

Identify the following terms.
der Führer

Question 38

Identify the following terms.
"Asia for the Asians"

Question 39

Identify the following terms.
Hitler Jugend

Question 40

Identify the following terms.
"Monroe Doctrine for Asia"

Question 41

Identify the following terms.
Marco Polo Bridge

Question 42

Identify the following terms.
Battles of Stalingrad and Kursk

Question 43

Identify the following terms.
Dunkirk evacuation

Question 44

Identify the following terms.
Erwin Rommel and El Alamein

Question 45

Identify the following terms.
Cologne and the Dresden raids

Question 46

Identify the following terms.
the Grand Alliance

Question 47

Identify the following terms.
Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway

Question 48

Identify the following terms.
decolonization

Question 49

Identify the following terms.
Blitzkrieg

Question 50

Identify the following terms.
Great East-Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere

Question 51

Identify the following terms.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Question 52

Identify the following terms.
"unconditional surrender"

Question 53

Identify the following terms.
Einsatzgruppen

Question 54

Identify the following terms.
Allied Strategic Bombing survey

Question 55

Identify the following terms.

-the "Final Solution," the Holocaust,Auschwitz-Birkenau and Zyklon B

Question 56

Identify the following terms.
the Blitz

Question 57

Identify the following terms.
Pearl Harbor,December 7,1941

Question 58

Identify the following terms.
Franklin Roosevelt and Harry S.Truman

Question 59

Identify the following terms.
"Night Witches"

Question 60

Identify the following terms.
Dwight D.Eisenhower and June 6,1944

Question 61

Identify the following terms.
the Cold War

Question 62

The Nazi Party

A) had originally been called the Labor Party.
B) had 800,000 members by 1932.
C) gave qualified support to communism until 1935.
D) favored collectivization until 1934.
E) made class-based appeals in elections.

Question 63

Identify the following terms.
Tehran,Yalta,and Potsdam conferences

Question 64

Hitler wrote Mein Kampf

A) during World War I.
B) before the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923.
C) while in jail after the failed Beer Hall Putsch.
D) during the early years of the Great Depression.
E) after becoming Chancellor in 1933.

Question 65

Adolf Hitler was

A) an academic "superstar" who became an anti-Semite.
B) a German nationalist, a native of Austria, who used political propaganda and terror.
C) a man who deeply and publicly hated women.
D) a professional soldier in the Austrian army until 1932.
E) a policeman in Berlin from 1903 until 1914.

Question 66

Identify the following terms.
free elections in Eastern Europe

Question 67

The earliest originator of the concept and practice of fascism was

A) Adolph Hitler.
B) General Francisco Franco.
C) Juan Peron.
D) Benito Mussolini.
E) Otto von Bismarck.

Question 68

Which political leader told military leaders in 1933 that he wanted to remove the "cancer of democracy" from their society?

A) Benito Mussolini
B) Mao Zedong
C) Francisco Franco
D) Adolf Hitler
E) General Franco

Question 69

Identify the following terms.
United Nations

Question 70

Which of the following statements best characterizes the totalitarian state in the 1930s?

A) It was democratic and championed individualism and democratic freedoms.
B) It was an all-compassing, authoritarian dictatorship that subordinated individual needs, and employed police power and mass propaganda to achieve total control.
C) It limited its authoritarian dictates to the political and economic aspects of the state's affairs, in an effort to have freer social and cultural choices serve as means of placating the masses.
D) It wanted the masses to keep quiet and not obstruct state policy.
E) It depended upon the appeasement policies of the Eastern democracies.

Question 71

The events that allowed Hitler to gain dictatorial powers by "legal" means were

A) his Dachau speech and the two subsequent assassination attempts by the SPD in 1932.
B) the death of President Hindenburg and Hitler's speech at Hindenburg's funeral.
C) the Reichstag fire, Mussolini's "Caesar" speech, and Rommel's endorsement.
D) the crushing of the Kiel Mutiny by the SS.
E) the passage of the Enabling Act by the Reichstag.

Question 72

Which of the following was not true about Mussolini's Fascist rule in Italy?

A) It gave him total control over all aspects of Italian life.
B) It never achieved the totality of power, in repression and media control that the dictatorships in Germany and the Soviet Union did.
C) It tried to involve all Italian youth in a program of indoctrination, but achieved only limited success in that area.
D) It maintained a program of traditional values in regard to women, and mutual acceptance and coexistence with the Catholic Church.
E) It was strongly supported by business and large landlord groups.

Question 73

Identify the following terms.
Winston Churchill and the "iron curtain"

Question 74

The Aryan racial state

A) was destined, in Nazi plans, to control Western Europe and Africa.
B) needed only the passive tolerance of the German population in order to be established.
C) required the active involvement of the entire German population to achieve its destiny.
D) disliked mass demonstration unless the emotionalism was minimized.
E) would make all women warrior-soldiers, thus doubling Aryan military strength.

Question 75

Mussolini became prime minister of Italy

A) when King Victor Emmanuel, reacting to Fascist intimidation, appointed him.
B) because the Fascio di Combattimento won a majority of seats in the parliamentary election.
C) after groups of squadristi destroyed the socialist opposition to Fascist rule.
D) when he mounted a violent coup d'etat and seized control of the government.
E) when he made an alliance with the pope and the Bolshevik government of Russia.

Question 76

To whip up popular support for his totalitarian regime,Hitler organized gigantic mass rallies in the 1930's in the city of

A) Berlin.
B) Nuremberg.
C) Cologne.
D) Vienna.
E) Munich.

Question 77

All of the following brought Hitler support in Germany except

A) the economic problems created by the Great Depression.
B) support of the conservative economic elite which saw him as a bulwark against communism.
C) his promise to uphold the Versailles Treaty in spite of its unpopularity.
D) his aim to restore Germany's power among the nations of Europe.
E) his threat to tear up the Versailles Treaty.

Question 78

Hitler solved the economic problems facing Germany in the Great Depression by all of the following means except

A) pursuing a laissez-faire economic policy.
B) giving "pump-priming" grants to private industry and other businesses.
C) spending vast amounts of money on rearmament.
D) pursuing a policy of government involvement in all aspects of the economy.
E) working hand-in-hand with the major industrial corporations.

Question 79

The SA,or Storm Troops,were

A) the Nazi party militia.
B) the major threat to the security of the Nazi Party before 1923.
C) the first type of Kolkhoz.
D) led by Hermann Goering.
E) Mussolini's Black Shirts.

Question 80

The Beer Hall Putsch of 1923

A) brought Mussolini to power.
B) was an attempt to seize power in the independent nation of Southern Bavaria.
C) brought Hitler to power in Germany.
D) was quickly crushed.
E) led to the German government exiling Hitler back to his native Austria.