Deck 28: Europe and the Western Hemisphere since 1945

Question 1

What internal and external forces shaped the story of self-government in the two Germanys,and then the reunification of Germany? What problems did they face,both before and after reunification? Did German leaders shape events or just "read and ride them well"? How and why?

Answer 1

Answer not provided.

Question 2

Identify the following terms.
Charles de Gaulle and the Fifth French Republic

Answer 2

Answer not provided.

Question 3

"On balance,the 1960s were the most significant decade in recent American history." Discuss,pro and con.

Answer 3

Answer not provided.

Question 4

How have Marxist leaders and movements fared in Latin America since 1960? In particular,examine the post-1960 history of Cuba.To what degree have nationalism and Marxism been blended in that nation?

Question 5

Identify the following terms.
Tony Blair

Question 6

What is meant by the term "Americanization"? Do you think the growth of "American" pop culture is the most important change in Western society since the 1930s? How significant is its reach beyond Western society? In what ways is this a positive influence? What negative trends does it introduce?

Question 7

Identify the following terms.
Helmut Kohl and German reunification

Question 8

How well did France handle the changes brought by the results of World War II and the loss of its colonial empire? What impact did the deterioration of the French position have on the rest of Europe and the United States? Were the ideas of Charles de Gaulle realistic or nostalgic? Why?

Question 9

What problems has Latin America faced since 1945,and what role has Marxist ideology played in their efforts to solve these problems? Have the major social and economic changes in Latin American societies made them more or less alike? Is it still accurate to treat them individually,or is it now more appropriate to analyze them regionally? Why or why not,in the light of developments since 1945?

Question 10

Identify the following terms.
Konrad Adenauer

Question 11

Identify the following terms.
Angela Merkel

Question 12

Why and when did the New Deal basis of United States politics lose its centrality? How and when did it happen? Was this loss related to changes in civil rights policies? Why or why not?

Question 13

Identify the following terms.
Margaret Thatcher,the "Iron Lady," and Thatcherism

Question 14

Identify the following terms.
France's nuclear bomb

Question 15

What have been the most important developments in Canada since 1945? In what ways has national unity been challenged from within? What role have ideas about excessive United States influence in Canada played in shaping that nation's foreign and domestic policies?

Question 16

What directions did Eastern European nations take after they became free from Soviet control? Why did they react as they did? How,and why,have Europeans made unprecedented attempts to achieve greater unity,after centuries of division,since 1945? How successful have their efforts been? Is there ever likely to be a "United States of Europe"? What factors would tend to make this a likely possibility? What would tend to make it unlikely?

Question 17

How has Western society changed due to the growth of permissiveness,changes in the status of women,and the emergence of modern terrorism in the last thirty years? Which has had the deepest impact,and why?

Question 18

"Margaret Thatcher was the most significant British Prime Minister in the last half of the twentieth century." Discuss,pro and con.

Question 19

What are the challenges presented by international terrorism since 1970? In a discussion of three or four specific events or movements,what are some of the commonalities and some of the differences between them?

Question 20

Identify the following terms.
Willi Brandt and Ostpolitik

Question 21

Identify the following terms.
"change we can believe in"

Question 22

Identify the following terms.
Treaty of Rome/European Economic Community (EEC)

Question 23

Identify the following terms.
the Reagan Revolution

Question 24

Identify the following terms.
Václav Haval

Question 25

Identify the following terms.
"the white backlash"

Question 26

Identify the following terms.
the war on terrorism and the Department of Homeland Security

Question 27

Identify the following terms.
Richard Nixon and the "southern strategy"

Question 28

Identify the following terms.
Pierre Trudeau

Question 29

Identify the following terms.
Martin Luther King and the March on Washington

Question 30

Identify the following terms.
Marshal Tito and Yugoslavia

Question 31

Identify the following terms.
the euro

Question 32

Identify the following terms.
Juan and Eva Perón

Question 33

Identify the following terms.
Organization of American States (OAS)

Question 34

Identify the following terms.
Parti Québécois

Question 35

Identify the following terms.
Jimmy Carter and hostages in Iran

Question 36

Identify the following terms.
Fidel Castro,Bay of Pigs,and the Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 37

Identify the following terms.
Lyndon B.Johnson and the War on Poverty

Question 38

Identify the following terms.
Slobodan Miloševicand "ethnic cleansing"

Question 39

Identify the following terms.
Watergate

Question 40

Identify the following terms.
Treaty on European Union,1994

Question 41

Identify the following terms.
personal computer and the Internet

Question 42

Identify the following terms.
Abstract Expressionism and Jackson Pollack

Question 43

Identify the following terms.
"the permissive society"

Question 44

Identify the following terms.
"...to Americanize the world"

Question 45

Identify the following terms.
Pope John Paul II

Question 46

Identify the following terms.

-existentialism,Postmodernism,and Poststructuralism or deconstruction

Question 47

Identify the following terms.
Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex and Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique

Question 48

Identify the following terms.
Green parties and Chernobyl

Question 49

Identify the following terms.
J.Robert Oppenheimer and the atomic bomb

Question 50

Identify the following terms.
women's liberation movement

Question 51

Identify the following terms.
September 11,2001 and the World Trade Center,Osama bin Laden and al-Qaeda

Question 52

Identify the following terms.
fundamentalism

Question 53

Identify the following terms.
Vincente Fox

Question 54

Identify the following terms.
hijab controversy in France

Question 55

Identify the following terms.
"the consumer society"

Question 56

Identify the following terms.
Mexico's Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI)

Question 57

Identify the following terms.
MTV

Question 58

Between 1945 and the late 1970s,

A) of the nations of Europe, only France had fully recovered from the physical devastation of World War II.
B) the British governments abandoned the "welfare state" after losing Britain's empire.
C) Charles de Gaulle had crafted an ingeniously oblique fascist state until he was toppled from power due to his inability to restrain terrorism in Algeria and Vietnam.
D) the gross national product of France grew at an average annual rate of 5.5 percent during the decade following 1958.
E) British economic growth averaged over ten percent per year during the 1950s.

Question 59

Identify the following terms.
Falkland Islands

Question 60

Identify the following terms.
"the pill"

Question 61

The European Community was primarily

A) an economic union.
B) a political union.
C) a military alliance.
D) restricted to the nations of southern and eastern Europe.
E) a passing phenomena, which disappeared after the ending of the Cold War.

Question 62

The policies of Francois Mitterand

A) were ultra-conservative, especially in economic areas.
B) created a long boom period for the French economy.
C) had disappointing economic results that led to the coming to office of a more conservative premier.
D) included the privatizing of banks and the steel industry and a number of worker benefits.
E) led to the loss of France's domestic empire.

Question 63

All of the following are correct regarding the presidency of George W.Bush except

A) he raised taxes on the wealthy to balance the government budget.
B) he experienced very low approval ratings from the public.
C) he weakened environmental laws.
D) discontent with the war in Iraq reduced his popularity with the voters.
E) the Department of Homeland Security was established.

Question 64

Charles De Gaulle did not do which of the following things ?

A) see France decrease its gross domestic product during his period of government
B) create the Fifth Republic
C) increase the power of the office of president
D) come to power because of the Algerian crisis
E) endeavor to make France a major nuclear power

Question 65

Richard Nixon

A) pursued a "northern strategy," making civil rights a central plank in his political platform.
B) ordered the killing of four students at Ohio's Kent State University by army soldiers.
C) refused to end the Vietnam War.
D) used illegal methods to obtain information from his political rivals.
E) made minor mistakes, but he was careful not to lie to Congress or the people.

Question 66

In 2010,the thirteen-year rule of Britain's Labour Party came to an end as which conservative became Prime Minister?

A) Margaret Thatcher.
B) Gordon Brown.
C) Tony Blair.
D) David Cameron.
E) John Major.

Question 67

The founding of the European Economic Community (EEC)

A) initially received strong encouragement from the Soviet Union, which played a leading role until the Cold War erupted.
B) established a customs union for its six member states.
C) initially embraced the Benelux countries, along with Sweden and Czechoslovakia.
D) was initially designed with the hope it would stabilize employment for the working classes, but this hope was soon shown to be impossible.
E) was publicly opposed by the United States and the Soviet Union, both of whom threatened military action.

Question 68

In January,2007,the EU again expanded as which two nations were added to its roster of members?

A) Cyprus and Estonia.
B) Hungary and Latvia.
C) Bulgaria and Romania.
D) Malta and Poland.
E) Slovakia and Slovenia.

Question 69

The new prime minister of Great Britain immediately after World War II,Clement Atlee,

A) included two Communist members in his cabinet.
B) was a leftist revolutionary, whom the king removed two months after he took office.
C) favored abolition of all private banks in the country.
D) established the welfare state in Britain.
E) blocked parliamentary consideration of a National Health Insurance Act.

Question 70

All of the following are correct regarding the presidency of Bill Clinton except

A) Clinton claimed he was a "new Democrat."
B) he adopted a number of conservative policies.
C) because of his misconduct with a White House intern, he was not reelected in 1996.
D) the government budget deficit was reduced during his administration.
E) his vice president, Al Gore, was defeated in the 2000 election.

Question 71

Which of the following was not a problem faced by the government of Helmut Kohl?

A) the armed hostility of France
B) high levels of unemployment and social discontent in the eastern part of Germany
C) the collapsed East German economy
D) runaway budget deficits
E) higher taxes and a disgruntled populace

Question 72

The movement for civil rights in the United States during the 1950s and 1960s

A) was strongly opposed by Malcolm X, a white political leader from Illinois.
B) created a "white backlash" which aided a national trend toward greater political conservatism.
C) received no governmental support until 1974.
D) energized Indian and black minorities, who together composed 34 percent of the population.
E) finally achieved the right to vote for all black American adults as a result of the Proclamation of 1953.

Question 73

The Reagan Revolution included all of the following except

A) strong support for labor unions and war on poverty programs.
B) a decrease in spending on social welfare programs.
C) tax reduction.
D) an increase in military expenditures.
E) a resultant huge growth in federal budget deficits.

Question 74

West Germany,between 1948 and 1965,

A) was led by Erich Honecker.
B) developed a top-level anti-terrorist group known as the Stasi.
C) saw real wages double between 1950 and 1965.
D) was divided by the Berlin Wall.
E) continued to pay World War I reparations to France.

Question 75

The term "ethnic cleansing" is associated with the tragedy which occurred in

A) the Czech Republic, with the breakup of Czechoslovakia.
B) Bosnia, during the breakup of Yugoslavia.
C) Poland, with the overthrow of the Communist government by Solidarity.
D) the Ukraine, with the atomic explosion at Chernobyl.
E) East Germany, with the fall of the Berlin Wall.

Question 76

Thatcherism

A) increased the benefits of the welfare state.
B) restricted union power.
C) increased the power of the labor unions.
D) resulted in high unemployment in southern England.
E) ended capitalism in Britain.

Question 77

Under the leadership of Konrad Adenauer,

A) West Germany refused to reconcile with its ancient enemy, France.
B) West Germany experienced an incredible economic collapse in the decade after 1945.
C) West Germany was led by a center-right non-socialist government.
D) East and West Germany were reunited.
E) the Berlin Wall was torn down.

Question 78

In 2000,fighting in which breakaway Russian state reduced the republic's capital of Grozny to ruins?

A) Georgia.
B) Kasavyurt.
C) Chechnya.
D) Dagestan.
E) Makhachkala.

Question 79

The policy known as Ostpolitik

A) almost led to East German absorption of West Germany.
B) was designed by Charles De Gaulle.
C) was designed by Conrad Adenauer.
D) increased cultural, personal, and economic relations between West and East Germany.
E) was an attempt by East Germany to unite with West Germany.

Question 80

Jimmy Carter was defeated for reelection in 1980 because

A) his hostility toward Jews and Arabs proved politically fatal.
B) the economic crises of stagnant oil prices and deflation.
C) he failed to obtain the release of American hostages held by radical Muslims in Iran.
D) he failed to obtain the release of American spies held by Communist Russia.
E) the magnitude of the civil rights problem was more than he could handle in his four-year term.