Deck 5: Overt Crime Areas

Question 1

According to Shaw and McKay's zonal map, where is the delinquency area?

A) Central business district
B) Zone of transition
C) Working-class zone
D) Residential zone

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is true about mapping analyses using mainframe computers?

A) Computer programs were hardwired
B) Crime data had to be punched onto cards digit by digit
C) Analysis was slow
D) All of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What does Dennis Roncek's block data analysis find about bar blocks?

A) Most city blocks have bars on them
B) Bar blocks have less crime than non-bar blocks
C) Bar blocks have more crime than non-bar blocks
D) None of the above

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which principle of crime distribution says that crime incidents are concentrated in very few blocks, intersections, and addresses?

A) General concentration principle
B) Toxic-block principle
C) Tucked-away principle
D) Mainframe principle

Question 5

How have advances in mapping technology changed criminologists' views on the geographic concentration of crime?

Question 6

How can living near a toxic block have negative consequences for those who do not live within them?

Question 7

What is key to a neighborhood's ability to heal?

A) Tough punishments
B) Property values
C) Racial composition
D) Weather

Question 8

Which theory claims that minor disorder sets the stage for major crimes to occur?

A) Strain theory
B) Situational inducement theory
C) Broken windows theory
D) Social disorganization theory

Question 9

What process occurs when property owners stop investing in a neighborhood and more people move out of the neighborhood than in?

A) Demolition
B) Disinvestment
C) Deterioration
D) Capitalism

Question 10

What is the focus of broken windows policing?

A) Disorder
B) Community cohesion
C) Solving problems
D) Cracking down on violence

Question 11

How is disorder infectious?

Question 12

How can fear caused by disorder lead to withdrawal?

Question 13

What type of accommodation occurs when a youth tries to steer clear of offenders?

A) Avoid
B) Adapt
C) Assist
D) Adopt

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the code of the street?

A) Being disrespected is dangerous
B) People must stand up for themselves when challenged
C) Rudeness is not tolerated
D) All of the above

Question 15

A person knocks over your drink at the bar and does not apologize. You become angry at this person and retaliate. What kind of aggression is this?

A) Misdirected aggression
B) Dispute-related aggression
C) Displaced aggression
D) Conventional aggression

Question 16

What term is used to describe bad experiences that people have?

A) Favorable stimuli
B) Displaced aggression
C) Aversive stimuli
D) Accommodation

Question 17

According to Robert K. Merton, how can blocked opportunities lead to crime?

Question 18

How can aversive stimuli lead to aggressive behavior?

Question 19

What term is used to describe concentrations of social ills like poverty, poor health, and unemployment?

A) Concentrated suffering
B) Concentrated disadvantage
C) De facto segregation
D) Disinvestment

Question 20

According to the Yonkers experiment, what age of children benefitted most from relocation?

A) Preadolescent children, around 8 and 9 years old
B) Children who had started adolescence, ages 10 through 15
C) Youths in late adolescence, age 16 through 18
D) All of the above

Question 21

What is prison cycling?

A) Prisoners constantly get transferred between prisons
B) Judges sentence convicted defendants to prison on a strict rotation
C) Prisoners get adequate exercise in prison
D) Prisoners go back and forth between prison and a high-arrest neighborhood

Question 22

How is crime distributed among youths in a tough neighborhood?

A) All youths commit equal amounts of crime
B) Female youths commit more crime than males
C) Youths commit no more crime than residents of other ages
D) Relatively few youths do more than their share of crime

Question 23

Under what circumstances does public housing work worst?

Question 24

Why is it a mistake to assume that areas of concentrated disadvantage have a monopoly on crime?

Question 25

What is a potential negative consequence of neighborhood organization against crime?

A) Adults spent too much time organizing and forget to supervise their own children
B) The lack of a drug trade can hurt the local economy
C) Unwanted people and activities are pushed to other neighborhoods
D) There are no negative consequences

Question 26

What are conflict theories concerned with?

A) How interpersonal conflicts lead to violence
B) How crime and crime control efforts reflect conflicts among groups
C) How to foster consensus on what behaviors are criminalized
D) The conflicts that exists within police departments

Question 27

What type of exclusion occurs indirectly and does explicitly mention race?

A) Segregation
B) Redlining
C) Sun-down towns
D) Exclusionary zoning

Question 28

What term is exemplified by the following statement: "I believe in building prisons, but not near my home."

A) Nimbyism
B) Redlining
C) Anomie
D) Urban villages

Question 29

What social ills are common among homeless populations?

Question 30

Why is neighborhood cohesion difficult in heterogeneous neighborhoods?

Question 31

What is the tendency of neighborhoods to know and help one another, acting for the good of the whole neighborhood?

A) Anomie
B) Neighborhood cohesion
C) Selective trust
D) Official labeling

Question 32

What is the goal of community-based interventions like the Chicago Area Project?

A) Build more hospitals in poor communities
B) Prevent victimization by encouraging residents to never leave their homes
C) Reduce crime by fostering neighborhood cohesion
D) None of the above

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a mark of an urban village?

A) Strong local identity
B) Transient residents
C) Low-rise homes
D) Clear sight lines between homes

Question 34

What is coverage inequality? Why is it a problem for community-based crime interventions?

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a neighborhood feature that is conducive to crime?

A) Population density
B) Mixed land use
C) Population stability
D) Dilapidation

Question 36

Why do outdoor drug sales produce violence?

A) Dealers use threats of violence to manage risk
B) Street dealers and customers are more likely to be robbed
C) Dealers use violence to retaliate against grievances
D) All of the above

Question 37

Which of the following is a type of disorder?

A) Well-kept buildings and lawns
B) Streets littered with hypodermic needles
C) Absence of youths loitering on street corners
D) All of the above

Question 38

What is the difference between person-specific and place-specific drug markets? Which is more likely to be found in a tough neighborhood?

Question 39

What are the negative effects of abandoned buildings?