Question 1

What best defines ideal body weight (IBW)?&#10;A) optimal weight for optimal health&#10;B) weighing 10 pounds less than recommended&#10;C) a weight that is predetermined for all people&#10;D) the weight at which one feels most attractive

Accepted Answer

Ideal body weight (IBW) is the weight at which an individual is at optimal health based on their height, age, and gender. It is not a predetermined weight for all people and is not based solely on an individual's perception of attractiveness. Weighing 10 pounds less than recommended is not necessarily ideal for everyone as it would depend on their specific circumstances. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it provides the most accurate definition of IBW.

Question 2

A nurse is establishing an ideal body weight for a 5' 9&#34; healthy female. Based on the rule-of-thumb method, what would be this patient's ideal weight?&#10;A) 130 lb&#10;B) 135 lb&#10;C) 140 lb&#10;D) 145 lb

Accepted Answer

The rule-of-thumb method for calculating ideal body weight for females is 100 pounds for the first 5 feet and then 5 pounds for each additional inch. For a 5' 9" female, the calculation would be 100 + (9 x 5) = 145 pounds.

Question 3

A nurse performing a nutritional assessment determines BMI of a 5' 11&#34; male patient who weighs 180 pounds. What would be the BMI for this patient?&#10;A) 18.5&#10;B) 20.3&#10;C) 25.1&#10;D) 28.2

Accepted Answer

To calculate BMI, divide the weight (in kilograms) by the height (in meters) squared. First, we need to convert the patient’s height from inches to meters. 5'11" is equivalent to 71 inches. To convert inches to meters, divide by 39.37 (the number of inches in a meter). So, 71/39.37 = 1.80 meters (rounded to two decimal places). Therefore, BMI = 180 pounds / (1.80 meters x 1.80 meters) = 25.1.

Question 4

What health problem may occur in a person who is on a low-carbohydrate diet for a long period of time?&#10;A) obesity&#10;B) fatigue&#10;C) ketosis&#10;D) infection

Accepted Answer

A low-carbohydrate diet may cause a person to enter a state of ketosis, which occurs when the body burns stored fat for energy instead of glucose from carbohydrates. This can lead to a buildup of ketones in the blood, which can cause nausea, fatigue, and even kidney damage if the diet is followed for a long period of time. Therefore, the best choice is C, ketosis.

Question 5

At what percent of weight over ideal weight is a person considered obese?&#10;A) 20%&#10;B) 40%&#10;C) 60%&#10;D) 100%

Accepted Answer

Obesity is generally defined as being 20% or more above the ideal weight for one's height and body type.

Question 6

At what period of life do nutrient needs stabilize?&#10;A) infancy&#10;B) adolescence&#10;C) pregnancy&#10;D) adulthood

Accepted Answer

Nutrient needs tend to stabilize during adulthood. While there are still some individual variations and needs may change due to lifestyle choices or health conditions, overall nutrient needs tend to be consistent during adulthood. Infancy, adolescence, and pregnancy all have unique nutrient needs due to growth, development, and increased demands on the body.

Question 7

A healthy, active 72-year-old woman asks a nurse if it is safe to take dietary supplements and, if so, what should be taken? What would the nurse tell her? A) Yes, take calcium, vitamin D, and vitamin B_12. B) Yes, take iron, folic acid, and iodine. C) No, instead increase intake of carbohydrates. D) No, increase fat intake for fat-soluble vitamins.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should advise the woman to take calcium and vitamin D supplements to maintain bone health and prevent osteoporosis, as well as vitamin B12 supplements to prevent deficiency, which can be more common in older adults. Other dietary supplements may not be necessary or appropriate for her individual health needs and should be discussed with a healthcare provider. The options in B, C, and D are not recommended for this patient population or do not address the specific question asked.

Question 8

A nurse is conducting a health history interview for an older adult. Which of the following questions or statements would be important for nutritional assessment?&#10;A) &#34;Why don't you eat more meat? You need protein.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;When did you first notice that you had this sore on your heel?&#34;&#10;C) &#34;What kinds of foods did you prepare when your husband was alive?&#34;&#10;D) &#34;What prescribed and over-the-counter medicines do you take?&#34;

Accepted Answer

Medications can affect appetite, nutrient absorption, and metabolism, making it important to assess them during a nutritional assessment.

Question 9

A nurse is teaching a young mother about meal preparation for good nutrition. What is one recommendation of the MyPyramid Food Guide?&#10;A) Increase intake of saturated fats.&#10;B) Eat whole-grain foods with meals.&#10;C) Change the number of food groups.&#10;D) Decrease emphasis on chronic illness.

Accepted Answer

The MyPyramid Food Guide recommends eating whole-grain foods with meals as part of a healthy diet. This is because whole-grain foods provide important nutrients and fiber that are beneficial for overall health. Increasing intake of saturated fats and decreasing emphasis on chronic illness are not recommendations of the MyPyramid Food Guide, and changing the number of food groups is not relevant to this question.

Question 10

After the administration of a nasointestinal feeding tube, a patient complains of gas, abdominal pain, and dizziness. What do these symptoms indicate?&#10;A) aspiration of the feeding solution&#10;B) lack of intestinal tone and constipation&#10;C) a type of dumping syndrome&#10;D) an infection of the gastrointestinal system

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of gas, abdominal pain, and dizziness are indicative of a type of dumping syndrome, which can occur after the administration of a nasointestinal feeding tube. This occurs when the feeding solution enters the intestine too quickly, causing a shift in fluids and electrolytes and resulting in symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Treatment includes slowing the rate of infusion and adjusting the composition of the feeding solution. Aspiration of the feeding solution, lack of intestinal tone and constipation, and an infection of the gastrointestinal system can also cause similar symptoms but are not as likely in this case.

Question 11

A student is following current recommendations for assessing tube placement. A staff nurse says, &#34;Oh, just insert air and listen for a 'whoosh' sound.&#34; How would the student respond?&#10;A) &#34;Thank you. That would be much easier for me to do.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;That procedure has been found to be unreliable.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;My instructor told me to do it this way, so I will.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;I appreciate your advice. Let me ask the patient.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A student is following current recommendations for...

Question 12

What is the most critical component of an enteral feeding formula?&#10;A) carbohydrates&#10;B) fats&#10;C) protein&#10;D) fiber

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the most critical component of...

Question 13

A nurse has assessed the residual amount before beginning a nasogastric tube feeding and has found 100 mL. What will the nurse do next?&#10;A) Nothing; this amount is within normal limits.&#10;B) Report the finding to the physician.&#10;C) Omit the feeding and document the reason.&#10;D) Rinse the tube and repeat the assessment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse has assessed the residual amount...

Question 14

Which laboratory test is the best indicator of a patient in need of TPN?&#10;A) hemoglobin&#10;B) hematocrit&#10;C) serum albumin&#10;D) creatinine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which laboratory test is the best indicator...

Deck 27: Spirituality