Question 1

What is the role of the flat bones in the body?&#10;A) height&#10;B) shape&#10;C) movement&#10;D) length

Accepted Answer

The role of flat bones in the body is to provide shape and protection to internal organs. Examples of flat bones include the skull, sternum, and scapulae. Flat bones do not contribute to height, movement or length.

Question 2

A patient with severe osteoarthritis is having a surgical hip replacement. This is possible because of the type of joint found in the hip. What type is it?&#10;A) pivot joint&#10;B) gliding joint&#10;C) ball-and-socket joint&#10;D) hinge joint

Accepted Answer

The type of joint found in the hip is a ball-and-socket joint, which allows for a wide range of movement and flexibility. This is why a surgical hip replacement is possible for a patient with severe osteoarthritis.

Question 3

A nurse performing range-of-motion exercises on a bedfast patient moves the patient's chin down onto the chest and then back to an upright position. The nurse then tilts the head as far as possible to each shoulder. What therapeutic movement is the nurse achieving with this exercise? Select all that apply.

A) flexion
B) adduction
C) extension
D) dorsiflexion
E) pronation
F) abduction

A, C

Accepted Answer

Moving the chin down onto the chest and then back to an upright position involves flexion and extension of the neck. Flexion is the action of bending or the condition of being bent, in this case, moving the chin toward the chest. Extension is the straightening movement that increases the angle between body parts, in this case, returning the head to an upright position.

Question 4

While performing range-of-motion exercises on a patient, a nurse bends a patient's foot so that the toes are brought up, as though to point them at the knee. What is the term for this type of movement?

A) dorsiflexion
B) inversion
C) rotation
D) eversion

Accepted Answer

Dorsiflexion is the movement of bending the foot so that the toes are brought up towards the knee.

Question 5

What term is used to describe the correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion?&#10;A) pediatrics&#10;B) obstetrics&#10;C) geriatrics&#10;D) orthopedics

Accepted Answer

Orthopedics is the medical specialty that is devoted to the correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion, such as bones, joints, muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Pediatrics is the medical specialty that deals with the medical care of infants, children, and adolescents, while obstetrics is the medical specialty that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Geriatrics is the medical specialty that focuses on the health and care of elderly people. None of these specialties deal specifically with disorders of body structures used in locomotion.

Question 6

A nurse is teaching an older adult about activity. What information would be included in the teaching plan?&#10;A) the requirement of frequent inactivity&#10;B) the recognition that exercise is not important&#10;C) the importance of regular exercise&#10;D) the possibility of exercise-induced fractures

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise is important for older adults to maintain their physical and mental health, improve muscle strength and endurance, and prevent falls and injuries. It also helps to improve cardiovascular function, which in turn can reduce the risk of developing hypertension and heart disease. Inactivity and lack of exercise can lead to muscle and bone loss, decreased mobility, and an increased risk of falls and fractures. However, it is important for older adults to start slowly and choose activities that are appropriate for their fitness level to avoid exercise-induced injuries.

Question 7

A nurse is assessing the muscles of an older adult. What will be assessed?&#10;A) temperature, turgor, moisture&#10;B) mass, tone, strength&#10;C) degree of flexion, associated pain&#10;D) reflexes, range of motion

Accepted Answer

When assessing muscles, the nurse will assess mass (size), tone (firmness), and strength. Temperature, turgor, and moisture are characteristics used to assess skin. Degree of flexion and associated pain are used when assessing joints. Reflexes and range of motion are used when assessing neurological function.

Question 8

A nurse is providing home care for an older woman with severe osteoporosis. What complication of this disease process must the nurse consider in the plan of care?&#10;A) diarrhea&#10;B) fractures&#10;C) visual deficits&#10;D) skin disorders

Accepted Answer

Severe osteoporosis increases the risk of fractures, which can lead to further complications such as decreased mobility, chronic pain, and potential disability. Therefore, the nurse must prioritize preventing falls and providing safe transfers and mobility assistance in the plan of care. The other choices (diarrhea, visual deficits, and skin disorders) are not directly related to osteoporosis and may not be pertinent to this patient's specific case.

Question 9

Bedrest, with resultant immobility, affects the whole body. What is one effect on the musculoskeletal system?&#10;A) impaired gas exchange&#10;B) increased risk for venous thrombosis&#10;C) increased risk for contractures&#10;D) decreased sensory stimulation

Accepted Answer

Immobility resulting from bedrest can lead to contractures, which refer to the shortening and tightening of muscles, tendons, and other tissue, leading to limitations in joint mobility and permanent deformity.

Question 10

A middle-aged man walks 2 miles each day. What type of exercise is he getting by this activity?&#10;A) isotonic&#10;B) isometric&#10;C) isokinetic&#10;D) isostretching

Accepted Answer

The middle-aged man is getting isotonic exercise by walking 2 miles each day. Isotonic exercise involves placing tension on your muscles as you move through an entire range of motion, with the tension remaining constant throughout the entire movement. Walking is one of the most common examples of isotonic exercise.

Question 11

What body system benefits the most from aerobic exercises?&#10;A) musculoskeletal&#10;B) neurologic&#10;C) respiratory&#10;D) cardiovascular

Accepted Answer

The answer of What body system benefits the most from...

Question 12

A nurse recommends a regular exercise program for a patient who has difficulty sleeping. The patient asks how this will help. How would the nurse respond?&#10;A) &#34;The fresh air will stimulate your metabolism.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Improved sleep is one benefit of regular exercise.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Exercise can help you control your weight.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Take my word for it. It sure helped me.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse recommends a regular exercise program...

Question 13

A nurse is assessing the vital signs of a patient who has exercised regularly for several years. What vital sign findings would be expected?&#10;A) increased body temperature and respirations&#10;B) increased pulse and blood pressure&#10;C) decreased pulse and blood pressure&#10;D) exercise has no effect on vital signs

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is assessing the vital signs...

Question 14

A patient at a community health center is discussing a planned exercise program. The patient is being treated for cardiovascular disease. What would the nurse recommend?&#10;A) &#34;Begin the exercise program immediately.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;It would be best if you did not exercise.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Be sure to take your pulse before you begin.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;See your doctor and have a checkup first.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient at a community health center...

Question 15

Of the following guidelines, which would not be recommended to a person who has sustained an orthopedic injury during exercise?&#10;A) ice&#10;B) warmth&#10;C) rest&#10;D) elevation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following guidelines, which would not...

Question 16

Immobility affects the body in many ways. What is one serious effect of immobility on the cardiovascular system?&#10;A) increased cardiac workload&#10;B) decreased cardiac workload&#10;C) increased venous return&#10;D) increased peripheral resistance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immobility affects the body in many ways....

Question 17

An immobile person has decreased movement of respiratory secretions. What condition is a greater risk as a result?&#10;A) respiratory tract infection&#10;B) increased gas exchange&#10;C) greater thoracic expansion&#10;D) increased respiratory rate

Accepted Answer

The answer of An immobile person has decreased movement of...

Question 18

Laboratory results for a patient on prolonged bedrest include a high level of urinary calcium. What risk does this pose for the patient?&#10;A) urinary calcium is not a concern&#10;B) renal calculi (kidney stones)&#10;C) increased urinary output&#10;D) imbalanced intake/output

Accepted Answer

The answer of Laboratory results for a patient on prolonged...

Question 19

At what time would a nurse assess the gait of an ambulatory patient?&#10;A) after the neurologic assessment&#10;B) at the end of the physical examination&#10;C) while the patient is lying supine on the examining table&#10;D) when the patient walks into the room

Accepted Answer

The answer of At what time would a nurse assess...

Question 20

What term is used to document impaired muscle strength or weakness?&#10;A) paralysis&#10;B) paresis&#10;C) spasticity&#10;D) flaccidity

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term is used to document impaired...

Question 21

A patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and is unable to perform basic self-care activities or activities of daily living. Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis?&#10;A) Risk for Injury: Pathologic Fractures&#10;B) Activity Intolerance&#10;C) Altered Tissue Perfusion&#10;D) Altered Thought Processes

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease...

Question 22

A nurse is caring for a comatose patient. What can happen to the feet if they are unsupported in the dorsiflexed position?&#10;A) heel extension and pain&#10;B) toe contractures and numbness&#10;C) plantar extension and arch loss&#10;D) plantar flexion and footdrop

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is caring for a comatose...

Question 23

A nurse is ambulating a patient who has had a stroke. The patient has paresis on the right side of the upper body. Where would the nurse stand to walk the patient?&#10;A) on the weak side&#10;B) on the strong side&#10;C) in front of the patient&#10;D) in back of the patient

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is ambulating a patient who...

Question 24

A college student fell and sprained his right ankle. The student health physician recommends the student use crutches to facilitate healing. Which of the following would the nurse teach the student?&#10;A) The crutches should be as long as the student is tall.&#10;B) The support of the body should be in the axilla.&#10;C) The support of the body should be the hands and arms.&#10;D) Walk fast and use long steps when using the crutches.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A college student fell and sprained his...

Question 25

A nurse is following a plan of care for passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises. What specifics will be included on the plan?&#10;A) Ask the patient to demonstrate ROM at 9 a.m. each day.&#10;B) Do ROM exercises two times a day, each exercise two to five times.&#10;C) Request family be available twice a day to perform ROM.&#10;D) Move each joint until the patient complains of pain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse is following a plan of...

Deck 24: Loss, Grief, and Dying