Deck 13: Developmental Concepts; and Documenting, Reporting, and Conferring

Question 1

A second trend occurring with growth and development of the infant states that development is proximodistal. This means:

A) Growth progresses from gross motor movements to fine motor movements.
B) Both sides of the body grow equally.
C) All humans experience the same growth patterns.
D) As nerve pathways develop, they become more specialized.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

According to Freud, what is the name given to the part of the mind that represents one's conscience?

A) unconscious mind
B) id
C) ego
D) superego

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The mother of a 6-month-old infant asks the nurse at a community health center what she should do about her baby, who always wants to put everything in his mouth. What would be an appropriate response by the nurse, based on Freud's theory?

A) "There must be something wrong…your baby should not be doing that."
B) "I don't know if that is normal or not, but I will check on it."
C) "Babies at this age explore and enjoy their world with their mouths."
D) "This usually does not happen until babies are 2 years old."

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A 10-year-old boy tells his mother that he is going to be just like his father when he grows up. According to Freud, what stage of development is this child experiencing?

A) anal
B) phallic
C) latency
D) genital

Question 5

Based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development, what type of activities would a nurse recommend to parents of children in the preoperational stage?

A) play activities
B) toilet training
C) church lessons
D) organized sports

Question 6

A nurse is teaching a 7-year old diabetic child who is in Piaget's concrete operational stage about insulin injections. Based on Piaget's theory, what would be the nurse's best method of preparation for this child?

A) Show the child a video about diabetes and insulin.
B) Give the child a pamphlet on diabetes to read.
C) Demonstrate the procedure on a teddy bear.
D) Explain the procedure to the child in detail.

Question 7

Using Erikson's theory, which of the following activities would the nurse use to provide a sense of fulfillment and purpose in later adulthood?

A) becoming involved within the community
B) making a commitment to others
C) trying on new and different roles
D) reminiscing about life events

Question 8

Based on Havighurst's theory, which of the following is one of the developmental tasks of middle adulthood?

A) achieving personal independence
B) adjusting to physical changes
C) taking on civic responsibility
D) affiliating with one's age group

Question 9

Gould's theory of transformation in adults included which developmental phase for those ages 50 to 60?

A) challenging false assumptions
B) accepting life is neither simple nor controllable
C) having increased self-approval and acceptance
D) questioning self and values

Question 10

Levinson and associates based their theory on individual life structure, patterned at any point in time by the interaction of three components. Which one of the following is not a component of this theory?

A) self
B) social and cultural aspects
C) individualized set of roles
D) degree of wellness

Question 11

In which of Gilligan's stages does acceptance by others become critical, with the ability to protect and care for others seen as the defining characteristic of female goodness?

A) Level 1: selfisness
B) Level 2: goodness
C) Level 3: nonvioldence
D) Level 4: responsiveness

Question 12

According to Fowler's theory, who or what initiates the development of faith in the infant?

A) church attendance
B) daycare activities
C) primary caregivers
D) siblings

Question 13

A nurse wants to teach children about oral health. Based on Piaget's theory, to what age group would it be most appropriate to teach this topic?

A) preschoolers
B) third and fourth graders
C) junior high school age
D) high school age

Question 14

Using Erikson's theory, a nurse asks a young adult questions about family, friends, and support systems. Why is this important during assessments of adolescents?

A) Without peer acceptance, feelings of inferiority may result.
B) Overprotection by parents may result in feelings of shame and doubt.
C) Restrictions on new experiences may lead to feelings of guilt.
D) Fear of commitments may lead to loneliness and isolation.

Question 15

During a health history, a middle-aged man tells the nurse, "I will always take care of my children because my parents took care of me." Based on Kohlberg's theory, what level of moral development is the man demonstrating?

A) preconventional
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) goodness

Question 16

Which of the following is an important role for the nurse when incorporating principles and theories of growth and development?

A) Provide developmentally challenging environments and experiences.
B) Provide physical care to meet comfort needs of children.
C) Initiate activities that involve passive interactions with others.
D) Initiate interventions to meet specific outcomes of care.

Question 17

A patient asks to see his medical record (chart). How would the nurse respond?

A) "I can't let you do that without a doctor's order."
B) "Our hospital policy is that you can't do that."
C) "I will get your chart and provide you with privacy to read it."
D) "Why would you want to do that? It will only make you worry."

Question 18

What is the primary purpose of the patient record?

A) communication
B) advocacy
C) research
D) education

Question 19

What is the primary purpose of focus charting?

A) nursing diagnoses
B) medical problems
C) patient concerns
D) expected outcomes

Question 20

Which of the following information would a nurse include as part of a minimum data set when using electronic medical records? Select all that apply.

A) patient sex
B) patient admission date
C) patient physical assessment
D) patient insurance
E) patient history
F) patient ethnicity