Deck 12: Symbolism and Logic in Propositional Functions

Question 1

'Everything is mortal ' is symbolized as …………

A)( ?x ) M x
B)( ?x ) M x.
C)(x) M x.
D)(x) M x

Answer 1

(x) M x.

Question 2

' Something is mortal' is symbolized as

A)(x) M x
B)( ?x ) M x.
C)(x) M x.
D)( ?x ) M x

Answer 2

( ?x ) M x

Question 3

' Nothing is mortal' is symbolized as

A)(x) M x
B)( ?x ) M x
C)( ?x ) M x.
D)(x) M x.

Answer 3

(x) M x

Question 4

'Something is not mortal' is symbolized as

A)(x) M x
B)( ?x ) M x
C)( ?x ) M x.
D)(x) M x.

Question 5

The negation of x) M x is logically equivalent to……………………………….

A)(x) M x
B)( ?x ) M x.
C)( ?x ) M x
D)(x) M x.

Question 6

The negation of (x) M x is logically equivalent to……………………………….

A)( ?x ) M x.
B)(x) M x
C)(x) M x.
D)( ?x ) M x

Question 7

The negation of ( ?x) M x is logically equivalent to ………………….

A)(x) M x.
B)( ?x ) M x
C)(x) M x
D)( ?x ) M x.

Question 8

The negation of ( ?x) M x is logically equivalent to ……………………….

A)( ?x ) M x.
B)(x) M x
C)( ?x ) M x
D)(x) M x.

Question 9

' All fruits are ripe' is symbolized as

A)( ?x ) ( F x . R x )
B)( ?x ) ( F x . R x ).
C)(x) ( F x ? R x )
D)(x) ( F x ? R x ).

Question 10

' No fruits are ripe ' is symbolized as

A)(x) ( F x ? R x )
B)( ?x ) ( F x . R x )
C)(x) ( F x ? R x ).
D)( ?x ) ( F x . R x ).

Question 11

'Some fruits are ripe' is symbolized as

A)( ?x ) ( F x . R x )
B)( ?x ) ( F x . R x ).
C)(x) ( F x ? R x )
D)(x) ( F x ? R x ).

Question 12

'Some fruits are not ripe' is symbolized as

A)(x) ( F x ? R x )
B)(x) ( F x ? R x ).
C)( ?x ) ( F x . R x )
D)( ?x ) ( F x . R x ).

Question 13

As per modern interpretation of traditional subject-predicate propositions, A and O propositions are …………………..

A)contraries
B)sub-contraries
C)sub alterns
D)contradictories

Question 14

As per modern interpretation of traditional subject-predicate propositions, E and I propositions are ………………………………

A)Contradictories
B)sub alterns
C)sub-contraries
D)contraries

Question 15

The universal quantification of a propositional function is true if and only if ……...

A)at least one substitution instance is true
B)all of it's substitution instances are false
C)all of it's substitution instances are true
D)it has both true and false substitution instances

Question 16

The relation between the general propositions (x) Mx and (?x ) Mx is ……………

A)contrary
B)contradiction
C)sub contrary
D)sub altern

Question 17

The relation between the general propositions x) Mx and (?x ) Mx is ………..……

A)contradiction
B)sub contrary
C)sub altern
D)contrary

Question 18

The relation between the general propositions x) Mx and x) Mx is ……..………

A)sub contrary
B)contradiction
C)sub altern
D)contrary

Question 19

The relation between the general propositions (?x ) Mx and (?x ) Mx is …………

A)contrary
B)sub altern
C)sub contrary
D)contradiction

Question 20

If x) Mx is true, then x) Mx is …………………

A)true
B)false
C)true or false
D)valid

Question 21

If (x) Mx is true, then (?x ) Mx is …………………..

A)false
B)true
C)valid
D)true or false

Question 22

If (x) Mx is true, then (?x ) Mx is …………………………..

A)true or false
B)true
C)false
D)valid

Question 23

If x) Mx is false, then x) Mx is …………………

A)valid
B)true
C)true or false
D)false

Question 24

If (x) Mx is false, then (?x ) Mx is …………………..

A)true or false
B)false
C)valid
D)true

Question 25

If (x) Mx is false, then (?x ) Mx is …………………………..

A)true
B)valid
C)false
D)true or false