Deck 31: Cardiac Function

Question 1

Which part of the heart produces the muscular contraction of the heart?

A) Pericardium
B) Sinoatrial node
C) Myocardium
D) Atrioventricular node

Answer 1

Myocardium

Question 2

Calcium assists in the contraction of a muscle. In which area of the heart is the impulse to contract stimulated?

A) Sinoatrial node
B) Atrioventricular node
C) Tricuspid valve
D) Mitral valve

Answer 2

Sinoatrial node

Question 3

The period of contraction of the heart muscle when blood is ejected from the atria into the ventricles, and from the ventricles into the arteries, is called:

A) diastole.
B) conductivity.
C) repolarization.
D) systole.

Answer 3

systole.

Question 4

Cardiac output is a function of the heart rate and:

A) sinoatrial node.
B) electrical impulses.
C) autonomic nervous system.
D) stroke volume.

Question 5

A woman is being seen in the nurse practitioner's office for a yearly gynecologic examination. She states, "I think I am beginning menopause. My periods have been very light and irregular, and I am always hot." The nurse would expect what finding in her vital signs?

A) Pulse of 160
B) Blood pressure elevation
C) Increased respiratory rate
D) Decreased pulse rate

Question 6

When the nursery nurse auscultates a newborn's heart rate at 138 beats per minute, the nurse should:

A) document the normal finding.
B) notify the pediatrician.
C) assess for respiratory distress.
D) assess for rhythm.

Question 7

Which individual is at risk for the development of blood clots?

A) 18-year-old male who runs daily
B) 25-year-old female on birth control pills
C) 30-year-old male who takes aspirin daily
D) 38-year-old female who exercises daily

Question 8

A 40-year-old man has been told he has a high level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). How will the nurse explain this factor?

A) High levels of LDL increase the risk of a heart attack.
B) High levels of LDL are good to fight the formation of plaque.
C) High level of HDL will increase your risk of high blood pressure.
D) High levels of HDL will cause you to have a stroke.

Question 9

Which education intervention should the client implement to improve heart function?

A) The client should consume a diet high in sodium.
B) An exercise plan to reduce blood glucose and eliminate acetone
C) Exercise initiatives to lower triglycerides and raise HDL
D) Implementation of 20 minute rest periods after meals

Question 10

A client on bed rest is prescribed antiembolism stockings. The nurse would apply the stockings at which time?

A) In the morning before the client gets out of bed
B) Immediately after bathing the client
C) At night before the client goes to bed
D) At any time during the day when the legs look swollen

Question 11

Illicit use of which of the following substances is associated with sudden cardiac death?

A) Heroin
B) Angel dust
C) Marijuana
D) Cocaine

Question 12

When a 60-year-old client asks the nurse what a dysrhythmia is, the nurse explains that it is an irregular heart rhythm that can be caused by:

A) increased white blood cells.
B) diminished coronary blood flow.
C) deep-vein thrombosis.
D) cerebrovascular accident.

Question 13

A client who was in an automobile accident has a deep laceration in the left arm at the brachial artery. The blood pressure is 70/30, with pulse of 120 and thready. The client is suffering from:

A) septic shock.
B) hypovolemic shock.
C) cardiogenic shock.
D) anaphylactic shock.

Question 14

A client asks the nurse what atherosclerosis is. The nurse states:

A) It is the buildup of fat on the walls of the arteries?
B) Atherosclerosis is thickening of the pulmonary artery?
C) A client with atherosclerosis has no pulse in the feet?
D) Atherosclerosis causes pain in the lower extremities?

Question 15

The nurse explains to the client scheduled to undergo a cardiac catheterization that the test involves the use of:

A) a Doppler instrument to determine coronary blood flow.
B) a catheter through the chest wall to measure cardiac output.
C) high-frequency sound waves to detect coronary blood flow.
D) radiopaque dye injected into an artery to visualize heart function.

Question 16

Which statement is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for the homebound client with a cardiac problem who has become fatigued upon minimal exertion?

A) Activity intolerance related to decreased cardiac output as evidenced by fatigue
B) Decreased cardiac output related to advanced cardiac disease
C) Fluid volume excess related to immobility and fatigue
D) Immobility related to advanced cardiac disease and frequent fatigue

Question 17

The nurse is reviewing the history of a client who has been diagnosed with hypertension. When planning care for the client, which risk factor is nonmodifiable? Select all that apply.

A) Weight
B) Age
C) Family history
D) Sedentary lifestyle
E) History of type 1 diabetes

Question 18

A client who is planning a diet questions the nurse about the role of sugar in the development of heart disease. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A) "Salt and not sugar is a dietary culprit in the development of cardiovascular disease."
B) "Sugar is associated with the development of diabetes and not cardiovascular disease."
C) "Increased intake of sugar is associated with elevated cholesterol levels."
D) "The only way that sugar will cause heart disease is if you gain too much weight."

Question 19

A 24-year-old client in good health has begun an exercise program. The client correctly recognizes that to promote cardiac health, the following regimen is needed:

A) mild intensity aerobic exercise lasting 45 minutes at least 3 days per week.
B) moderate intensity aerobic exercise lasting 30 minutes five times per week.
C) moderate intensity aerobic exercise lasting 1 hour four times per week.
D) high-intensity aerobic exercise lasting 30 minutes at least five times per week.

Question 20

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical history and notes that the client takes herbal supplements to help in the management of hypertension. Which supplement does the client most likely take?

A) Garlic
B) Ginseng
C) Soy
D) Rosemary

Question 21

The nurse is reviewing the medication listing of a client recently admitted to the acute care facility. The client reports taking ephedrine. Which other medication, if noted, will need to be reported to the physician?

A) Iron supplements
B) Diuretics
C) Anticoagulant medications
D) Antihypertensive medications

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a client who is suspected of having a rupturing abdominal aortic aneurysm. What manifestations are consistent with early onset of the phenomena? Select all that apply.

A) Elevated temperature
B) Complaints of leg pain
C) Abdominal pain
D) Low back pain
E) Pulsating, palpable abdominal mass

Question 23

The nurse is caring for a client admitted for observation after having experienced a transient ischemic attack. What statement by the client indicates the need for further education concerning the condition?

A) "The effects of this are short-lived but the underlying problem needs to be addressed."
B) "It's likely that I'll experience another attack at some point."
C) "This is a wake-up call because I am at an increased risk for a stroke."
D) "Once I have completely recovered from this I probably won't have further problems."

Question 24

A nurse has been assigned to work on a pediatric care unit. When performing shift assessments, the nurse recognizes what about clients in this age group? Select all that apply.

A) In the weeks after birth, the infant's heart rate will normally be between 70 and 90 beats per minute.
B) Blood pressure assessments are not routinely performed on children under the age of 5.
C) As children grow and mature physiologically, their heart rates will decrease.
D) Boys will typically have a higher blood pressure reading than girls of the same age.
E) Toddlers may normally have heart rates below 100 beats per minute.

Question 25

A client planning air travel for lengthy periods should be advised to do which of the following in order to prevent complications such as blood clots? Select all that apply.

A) Sit as far back in the seat as possible to reduce venous pooling.
B) Perform leg pump exercises frequently.
C) Avoid crossing legs at the ankles.
D) Rest calves against the back of the chair when possible to promote venous exchange
E) Ambulate as much as possible