Question 1

The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old child with a rash. Which information from the parent strongly suggests that roseola is the diagnosis?&#10;A) The rash is a mixture of papules and pustules.&#10;B) The infant is lethargic and not interested in playing.&#10;C) The infant's temperature fell when the rash appeared.&#10;D) The infant's temperature rose at the same time as the rash appeared.

Accepted Answer

The rash of roseola is distinctive. There are discrete, rose-pink macules approximately 2 to 3 mm in size and flat with the skin surface. With roseola, infants become irritable and anorexic although even with a high fever remain playful and alert. The condition is diagnosed based on the physical signs and symptoms with the hallmark being a rash that appears immediately after a sharp decline in fever.

Question 2

During a health promotion seminar with community members, the nurse provides information to support the 2020 National Health Goal to prevent and reduce the incidence of infectious disease in children. What information did the nurse most likely provide?

A) Participating in age-appropriate exercise
B) Getting adequate rest and sleep each day
C) Importance of maintaining appropriate immunizations
D) Ingesting the recommended amount of fresh fruit and vegetables

Importance of maintaining appropriate immunizations

Accepted Answer

Nurses can help the nation achieve the 2020 National Health Goals to prevent and reduce the incidence of infectious disease in children by educating parents about the importance of immunizations. Rest, sleep, exercise, and dietary intake are not identified interventions to help achieve the 2020 National Health Goals for infectious disease in children.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a school-age child with varicella. What should the nurse observe about the rash that is associated with this infection?&#10;A) Dark red color&#10;B) Noticeable crusts but no pruritus&#10;C) Dark red, macular, very pruritic lesions&#10;D) Various stages of lesions present at the same time

Accepted Answer

Most of chickenpox lesions are found on the trunk; although, the face, scalp, palate, and neck also may be involved. They appear in approximately three separate series or crops, with each new lesion moving through progressive stages. At some point, all four stages of lesions-macule, papule, vesicle, and crust-can be present. The lesions are not dark red in color. These lesions are very itchy.

Question 4

A school-age child has been placed in airborne precautions until the microorganism causing the child's symptoms can be identified. Which diagnosis should the nurse identify as being the most appropriate for the child at this time?

A) Altered body temperature (fever) related to systemic infection
B) Knowledge deficit related to disease prognosis, prevention, and treatment
C) Social isolation related to precautions required to prevent infection transmission
D) Deficient diversional activity related to activity restriction and precautions to prevent disease transmission

Accepted Answer

Because the child has been placed in airborne precautions, the diagnosis that is the most appropriate at this time is social isolation. There is no enough information to determine if the child is experiencing a fever. The reason for the child's symptoms is not known so a knowledge deficit is not appropriate at this time. There is also not enough information to determine if the child has an activity restriction.

Question 5

A school-age child is placed in contact precautions for a communicable disease. Which observation indicates that teaching about these precautions has been effective?&#10;A) Family members sitting on the patient's bed&#10;B) Father applies a face mask before entering the child's room&#10;C) Mother applies a gown and gloves before entering the child's room&#10;D) Younger brother applies a face mask, gown, gloves, and face shield before entering the room

Accepted Answer

For contact precautions, a disposable gown and gloves are required to prevent the transmission of infection. Family members should not be sitting on the patient's bed. A face mask and face shield are not required for contact precautions.

Question 6

The parent of a child with mumps on one side of the face is concerned that the disease can develop on the other side in the future. What should the nurse respond to the mother about this concern?&#10;A) The child is immune to further attacks of the disease.&#10;B) It does not matter because mumps in adulthood is not serious.&#10;C) The child should receive active immunization against mumps.&#10;D) There is nothing that can be done to prevent another attack of mumps in the future.

Accepted Answer

Some parents worry that because their child had swelling only on one side, the child will develop mumps on the opposite side in the future. One attack of mumps gives lasting immunity, and the child will not contract the disease again. Mumps is a potentially dangerous disease and should not be minimized. The child does not need immunization against mumps.

Question 7

A group of grade-school children is going camping. Which information should the school nurse provide to prevent Lyme disease?&#10;A) &#34;Don't approach strange animals outside the campsite.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Don't touch any bush without knowing what kind it is.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Don't drink water from mountain streams while hiking.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Wear jeans tucked inside your socks when in the woods.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Lyme disease is an infection caused by a tick bite. To prevent the occurrence of tick bites while camping, the nurse should instruct the children to wear long pants tucked into the socks while walking in the woods. The risk of rabies is great if approaching strange animals. Poison ivy or poison oak can be contracted from touching unidentified bush. Water-based illnesses can be contracted from drinking contaminated water.

Question 8

The nurse is evaluating outcomes for teaching provided to the mother of a school-age child with an itchy rash. Which outcome indicates that teaching has been effective?&#10;A) Mother applies hot compresses to itchy skin areas every few hours&#10;B) Child drinks a glass of water every 1 to 2 hours throughout the day&#10;C) Child showers in hot water and uses soap on the rash every morning&#10;D) Child wearing long denim pants and a long-sleeve shirt while playing outside

Accepted Answer

To relieve the itchiness of a rash, the child should be encouraged to have an adequate fluid intake to maintain good hydration because dry skin increases discomfort. Cold cloths or compresses applied to itchy areas are appropriate. Heat makes the itch worse. Baking soda should be used when bathing in lukewarm water. Hot water and harsh soap will irritate the rash. The child should be dressed in light cotton clothing so overheating and perspiration does not occur. Perspiration makes the itch worse. Denim pants and long-sleeved shirt would make the child very uncomfortable.

Question 9

The nurse is teaching the mother of a 10-month-old baby on the method to administer nystatin liquid as treatment for thrush. Which technique should the nurse instruct the mother to use?&#10;A) Administer it immediately after meals.&#10;B) Give it just prior to meals for best absorption.&#10;C) Give it mixed with orange juice to disguise the taste.&#10;D) Administer it mixed with milk to decrease stomach irritation.

Accepted Answer

Nystatin is an effective antifungal drug for oral thrush. The medication should be dropped into the mouth after feedings so it will remain in contact with the lesions rather than being washed away immediately by a feeding. The medication should not be given before meals or mixed with orange juice or milk.

Question 10

The home care nurse is observing a mother prepare mupirocin (Bactroban) to treat a preschool-aged child's skin rash. At which point should the nurse stop the mother during the preparation of the medication?

A) Mother washes the lesions before using the medication.
B) Mother washes own hands after touching the child's rash.
C) Mother is still using the medication on day 9 of the infection.
D) Mother measures out a teaspoon of the medication for the child to take orally.

Accepted Answer

Mupirocin (Bactroban) is a topical antibiotic and should not be taken orally. The mother should wash the lesions before applying the medication. The mother should wash the hands before and after applying the medication or touching the rash. The mother should use the medication for the full course even though the rash and lesions might appear healed.

Question 11

Which intervention would be the most important for the nurse to include in the plan of care for a child with infectious mononucleosis?&#10;A) Limiting fluid intake&#10;B) Moving the child carefully&#10;C) Administering a corticosteroid&#10;D) Counseling the child to stop kissing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which intervention would be the most important...

Question 12

An infant is diagnosed with streptococcal-based impetigo. What should the nurse teach the mother about the infant's care?&#10;A) Help avoid thumb-sucking.&#10;B) Change the dressings every day.&#10;C) Provide penicillin as prescribed.&#10;D) Administer the steroid as prescribed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An infant is diagnosed with streptococcal-based impetigo....

Question 13

A toddler is being treated for pinworms. What advice should the nurse give to the mother to prevent reinfection?&#10;A) Help the child wash hands before eating.&#10;B) Don't allow the child to play on the floor.&#10;C) Urge the child to void as frequently as possible.&#10;D) Don't allow the child to play with the family dog.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A toddler is being treated for pinworms....

Question 14

A school-age child with a rash over the abdomen now has a bright red tongue. The health care provider is going to begin treatment for scarlet fever. On which medication should the nurse instruct the mother for the child's care?

A) Aspirin
B) Steroids
C) Antibiotics
D) Antifungal medication

Accepted Answer

The answer of A school-age child with a rash over...

Question 15

During a routine assessment, the nurse determines that a school-age child has head lice. What did the nurse assess in this child?&#10;A) Macular rash on the arms&#10;B) White flecks on hair shafts&#10;C) Red raised rash on the neck&#10;D) Pustule formation on the trunk

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a routine assessment, the nurse determines...

Deck 43: Nursing Care of a Family When a Child Has an Infectious Disorder