Question 1

Sampling is familiar to us all. In the course of daily activities, we make decisions and draw conclusions through sampling. A nursing student may select an elective course by sampling two or three classes on the first day of the semester. What is sampling?

A) Identification of a set of elements used for selecting study participants
B) Established population characteristics to determine who could participate in a study
C) Process of selecting a subset of the population to represent the entire population
D) Technique for ensuring that every elementin the population has an equal chance of being included in the study

Process of selecting a subset of the population to represent the entire population

Accepted Answer

Sampling involves selecting a subset of the population to represent the entire population, allowing for conclusions about the population based on the sample.

Question 2

What is bias sampling?&#10;A) Elements are selected by nonrandom methods.&#10;B) Most readily available or convenient group of people for the sample.&#10;C) Referrals for potential participants are made by those already in the sample.&#10;D) Systematic over- or under-representation of an attribute vis-&#224;-vis the population.

Accepted Answer

Systematic over- or under-representation of an attribute vis-&#224;-vis the population.&#10;

Question 3

What type of sampling occurs in which referrals for potential participants are made by those already in the sample?&#10;A) Convenience&#10;B) Snowball&#10;C) Quota&#10;D) Consecutive

Accepted Answer

Snowball sampling involves current participants referring future participants from among their acquaintances. This method is particularly useful for reaching populations that are difficult to access or identify.

Question 4

Which type of sampling are strata incorporated into the design?&#10;A) Convenience&#10;B) Snowball&#10;C) Quota&#10;D) Consecutive

Accepted Answer

Strata are incorporated into the design of quota sampling. In quota sampling, the population is first segmented into mutually exclusive sub-groups, just like strata in stratified sampling. Then judgment is used to select the subjects or units from each segment based on a specified proportion.

Question 5

The nurse researcher is collecting information about the population sample. What is the basic population unit about which information is collected called?&#10;A) Population&#10;B) Element&#10;C) Inclusion criteria&#10;D) Exclusion criteria

Accepted Answer

The basic population unit about which information is collected is called an "Element." This term refers to the individual members of the population sample from which data are collected.

Question 6

The nurse researcher knows it is important to make a distinction between target and accessible populations. What is the target population?&#10;A) Aggregate of cases that conform to designated criteria and that are accessible for a study.&#10;B) Aggregate of cases about which the researcher would like to generalize.&#10;C) Characteristics of individuals that must not be included in the research sample.&#10;D) Characteristics of individuals that meet the specific population characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The target population refers to the entire group of individuals or cases about which the researcher would like to generalize the findings of the study. It is the ideal group to which the study results are intended to apply.

Question 7

The nurse researcher knows it is important to make a distinction between target and accessible populations. What is a population?&#10;A) Aggregate of cases that conform to designated criteria and that are accessible for a study&#10;B) Aggregate of cases about which the researcher would like to generalize&#10;C) Entire aggregation of cases in which a researcher is interested&#10;D) Characteristics of individuals that meet the specific population characteristics

Accepted Answer

A population is the entire aggregation of cases in which a researcher is interested.

Question 8

The nurse researcher knows that samples and sampling plans vary in quality. What is a key consideration in assessing a sample in a quantitative study?&#10;A) Representativeness&#10;B) Probability&#10;C) Nonprobability&#10;D) Strata

Accepted Answer

Representativeness is crucial in assessing a sample in a quantitative study because it determines how well the sample reflects the population from which it was drawn, impacting the generalizability of the study's findings.

Question 9

The nurse researcher is using a sampling design that is especially likely to yield a representative sample. What type of sample is this called?&#10;A) Systematic&#10;B) Convenience&#10;C) Purposive&#10;D) Quota

Accepted Answer

Systematic sampling is designed to select samples at a fixed interval from a list, which, if the list is not ordered in a way that biases the sample, tends to produce a representative sample of the whole population.

Question 10

Which type of sample is considered to be the weakest for quantitative studies?&#10;A) Convenience&#10;B) Quota&#10;C) Purposive&#10;D) Systematic

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling is considered the weakest for quantitative studies because it involves selecting participants who are readily available without considering how representative they are of the larger population. This can introduce significant bias and limit the generalizability of the study's findings.

Question 11

The nurse is hand picking the sample based on the researcher's knowledge about the population. What type of sample is this called?&#10;A) Purposive&#10;B) Snowball&#10;C) Network&#10;D) Chain

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is hand picking the sample...

Question 12

The nurse researcher is trying to yield a representative sample. What type of nonprobability design should be utilized?&#10;A) Quota&#10;B) Snowball&#10;C) Network&#10;D) Chain

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse researcher is trying to yield...

Question 13

The nurse researcher has to consider the procedure of weighing in the sample. What type of sampling design would be considered?&#10;A) Proportionate&#10;B) Disproportionate&#10;C) Simple random&#10;D) Quota

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse researcher has to consider the...

Question 14

A nurse research used a probability type systematic sampling plan. The sample size was 200. The sampling interval was 250. The first element drawn was 196. What would the second element be?&#10;A) 396&#10;B) 446&#10;C) 496&#10;D) 646

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse research used a probability type...

Question 15

A nurse researcher used a systematic sampling design. The known population size is 3200, and the desired sample size is 160 What is the sampling interval?&#10;A) 16&#10;B) 20&#10;C) 160&#10;D) 320

Accepted Answer

The answer of A nurse researcher used a systematic sampling...

Question 16

The nurse researcher is reviewing a research article that used a cluster sample. What is a cluster sample?&#10;A) Selection of every kth case from a list&#10;B) Standard distance between the selected elements in the sample&#10;C) Multistaged selection of random samples from larger units&#10;D) Divides the population into homogeneous strata to ensure representation of sub groups

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse researcher is reviewing a research...

Question 17

What type of analysis do nurse researchers use to estimate sample size needs?&#10;A) Power&#10;B) Systematic&#10;C) Interval&#10;D) Multistage

Accepted Answer

The answer of What type of analysis do nurse researchers...

Question 18

The nurse researcher is reviewing a research article that used systematic sampling. What is systematic sampling?&#10;A) Selection of every kth case from a list&#10;B) Standard distance between the selected elements in the sample&#10;C) Multistaged selection of random samples from larger units&#10;D) Divides the population into homogeneous strata to ensure representation of sub groups

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse researcher is reviewing a research...

Deck 12: Sampling in Quantitative Research