Deck 86: Oxygen Therapy and Respiratory Care

Question 1

The nurse is ordered to obtain a specimen from a client using Bronchoalveolar lavage. Which disease is this test most often used to diagnose?

A) Pulmonary tuberculosis
B) COPD
C) Bronchitis
D) Pneumonia

Answer 1

Pulmonary tuberculosis

Question 2

The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a client who reports a sore throat and stuffy nose. The nurse notes a red inflamed throat and slight fever which supports the diagnosis of strep throat. Which test would be ordered to confirm this diagnosis?

A) Bronchoalveolar lavage
B) Pulmonary function test
C) Throat culture
D) Sputum specimen

Answer 2

Throat culture

Question 3

A client is diagnosed with hypoxemia. Which test would most likely be ordered to determine oxygen deficiency in this client?

A) Chest x-ray
B) Computed tomography scan
C) Pulmonary angiography
D) Arterial blood gases

Answer 3

Arterial blood gases

Question 4

A nurse is preparing a client for a bronchoscopy. Which instruction is the most important for the nurse to provide the client?

A) Avoid taking food 3 hours before the procedure.
B) Maintain a side-lying position after the bronchoscopy.
C) Cough out the mucus secretions after the procedure.
D) Start a soft, semisolid diet when the gag reflex returns.

Question 5

Which test would be the most practical for screening a large group of people for tuberculosis?

A) Tine test
B) Purified protein derivative TB test
C) Mantoux TB test
D) Sputum culture

Question 6

The nurse is assisting the respiratory therapist to prepare a client diagnosed with cystic fibrosis for postural drainage. Which intervention is recommended for this procedure?

A) Have the client lie flat on the bed with the foot of the bed slightly raised.
B) Inform the client the treatment will last for 30 to 45 minutes.
C) Inform the client a head downward position will be used to drain secretions.
D) Have the client alternate from lying flat to sitting up every 5 minutes.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) who is having a thoracentesis performed to relieve breathing difficulty. For which rare, but serious, complication should the nurse monitor the client?

A) Hypotension
B) Fluid retention
C) Pulmonary embolism
D) Pneumothorax

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a paracentesis performed to help relieve dyspnea. For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client?

A) Hypervolemia
B) Punctured lung
C) Shock
D) Pulmonary edema

Question 9

A client is to undergo thoracentesis. What assessment finding is of most concern after the procedure?

A) Respirations 22
B) Blood pressure 142/86 mm Hg
C) Respirations deep and regular
D) Fluid drainage from the thoracentesis site

Question 10

The nurse monitors a client with a chest tube. The nurse should be alert to which signs that the equipment is malfunctioning? Select all that apply.

A) Bubbling is observed in the control bottle
B) Air is felt at the insertion site
C) The client's lips are slightly cyanotic
D) Signs dyspnea are observed in the client
E) Client reports chest pain

Question 11

Which statement describes the condition referred to as bradypnea?

A) Difficulty breathing while lying down
B) Slower than normal respirations
C) Increase in depth of breaths
D) Labored or difficult breathing

Question 12

The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a panic attack. The nurse instructs the client to breathe into a paper bag. What respiratory alteration is this client most likely experiencing?

A) Hyperventilation
B) Aspiration
C) Hypoxia
D) Hypoxemic hypoxia

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a client postoperatively following excision of a lung carcinoid tumor. The nurse instructs the client how to use an incentive spirometer to prevent postoperative respiratory complications. Preventing which alteration is a major reason for the use of incentive spirometry?

A) Streptococcus
B) Nasal polyps
C) Atelectasis
D) Bronchitis

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with pneumonia. What intervention should be included in the client's nursing care plan?

A) Instruct the client to take shallow and timely breaths.
B) Restrict the client's fluid intake to juices with vitamin C.
C) Encourage the client to lie in the supine position a few hours a day.
D) Maintain orthopneic position when possible.

Question 15

The nurse is suctioning a postoperative client to remove excess secretions. Which complications are associated with this procedure? Select all that apply.

A) Syncope
B) Dysrhythmia
C) Hyperventilation
D) Vasodilation
E) Desaturation
F) Hypovolemia

Question 16

A nurse caring for a client after lung surgery will help remove secretions using suction. What should the nurse do when performing the procedure?

A) Place the client in a supine position for the procedure.
B) Avoid pulling the catheter back when inserting.
C) Avoid rotating the catheter when withdrawing.
D) Flush the catheter with sterile saline between insertions of the catheter.

Question 17

A nurse is caring for a client after lung surgery. What device and technique should the nurse teach the client to use to prevent atelectasis?

A) Incentive spirometer; inhale deeply
B) Straw; blow slowly
C) Peak flow meter; blow out forcefully
D) Wound-suction device; inflate every 4 hours

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB). What measure should be employed when caring for the client?

A) Instruct the client to keep the doors of the room closed at night.
B) Ask the client to eat a diet rich in protein and vitamins A and C.
C) Take precautions to prevent transmission through the feco-oral route.
D) Dispose the infectious waste of the client in biohazardous waste receptacles.

Question 19

What term should the nurse use to describe a respiratory rate of 15?

A) Eupnea
B) Orthopnea
C) Dyspnea
D) Apnea

Question 20

The nurse is examining a client who presents with the following symptoms: muscle pains, productive cough, stuffy nose, nausea, vomiting, fever of 38.4°C for the past 2 days, burning eyes and sensitivity to light. Which condition should the nurse suspect?

A) Influenza
B) Strep throat
C) Acute rhinitis
D) Laryngitis

Question 21

The nurse is caring for hospitalized clients diagnosed with pneumonia. Which client is most at risk for contracting Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia?

A) A 48-year-old man who is an alcoholic
B) An 80-year-old woman with COPD
C) A 50-year-old man with advanced HIV/AIDS infection
D) A 60-year-old woman with a swallowing disorder

Question 22

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with pneumonia. The nurse observes that the client is experiencing breathing difficulty. What position will help to alleviate the client's dyspnea?

A) Lying supine with a single pillow
B) Sitting upright or in a semisitting position
C) Lying with the legs slightly elevated
D) Lying supine with head slightly lowered

Question 23

Which nursing measures should be initiated for clients experiencing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to improve ventilation and to overcome hypoxic states? Select all that apply.

A) Use of bronchodilators, expectorants, and liquefying agents
B) Decreased fluid intake (500 to 1,000 mL/day)
C) Consistent use of oxygen
D) Limited activity
E) Use of Fowler position
F) Eating small, frequent meals

Question 24

A client is diagnosed with bronchial asthma. What intervention should the nurse include in the client's education?

A) Take precautions to prevent the transmission of the disease.
B) Avoid sleeping in a supine position to avoid recurrent asthma attacks.
C) Rinse and clean the mouthpiece of the inhaler daily.
D) Instruct the client to avoid deep breathing exercises.

Question 25

The nurse is educating older adults in a senior citizens center about the signs and symptoms of emphysema. Which is the first symptom of this respiratory alteration?

A) Leaning forward instead of lying down
B) Barrel chest
C) Contracting the neck muscles when breathing
D) Difficulty breathing following exertion

Question 26

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following cardiac bypass surgery. Which is a characteristic of this disorder?

A) It is a state of over oxygenation following a serious illness.
B) The mortality rate for this disorder is greater than 50%.
C) The disorder is not curable and is treated with palliative measures.
D) Mechanical ventilation exacerbates the condition.

Question 27

Which assessment observations would indicate that a client has a possible pneumothorax? Select all that apply.

A) Severe dyspnea
B) Asymmetrical chest
C) Dull, radiating chest pain
D) Drop in blood pressure
E) Mediastinal shift towards affected side

Question 28

Which is a characteristic of a benign lung tumor?

A) Benign tumors usually cause fatigue, weight loss, and chest pains.
B) Lung scan confirms an abnormal shadow in the lung.
C) Smoking is the usual cause of a benign lung tumor.
D) Lung tumors are characterized on x-rays with smooth edges and sharp margins.

Question 29

What nursing intervention should be employed when caring for a client who has had nasal surgery?

A) Remove the gauze from the nostrils 2 hours after the surgery.
B) Instruct the client to avoid breathing through the mouth.
C) Examine the back of the throat to check for drainage of blood.
D) Assist the client to a supine position to facilitate breathing.