Deck 4: Fitness and Conditioning Techniques

Question 1

Check only the steps that contribute to the energy system of anaerobic metabolism.

A) The body turns to stored glycogen as an energy source.
B) A by-product, glucose, seeps out of the muscle cells into the blood to be used elsewhere.
C) ATP is rapidly metabolized to meet energy needs.
D) Lactate is broken down to supply glucose, which is then metabolized within the muscle cells to generate ATP for muscle contractions without the need for oxygen.
E) During sudden outbursts of activity in intensive, short-time exercise, ATP is stored to meet energy needs.

Answer 1

The body turns to stored glycogen as an energy source.
ATP is rapidly metabolized to meet energy needs.

Question 2

Check only the exercises that can be categorized as a functional exercise.

A) Front lunge balance to one-arm press
B) Prone cobra
C) Stability ball push-ups
D) Tandem stance on Dyna disc with trunk rotation
E) Stability ball diagonal rotations with weighted ball
F) Clean and jerk
G) Side-lying isolated abdominal

Answer 2

Front lunge balance to one-arm press
Tandem stance on Dyna disc with trunk rotation
Stability ball diagonal rotations with weighted ball

Question 3

Which of the following factors could limit flexibility?

A) Bony structure
B) Gender
C) Excessive fat
D) Hypermobility
E) Muscles and their tendons
F) Connective tissue
G) Skin
H) Height
I) Neural tissue tightness

Answer 3

Bony structure
Excessive fat
Muscles and their tendons
Connective tissue
Skin
Neural tissue tightness

Question 4

Which of the following is a common role that the athletic trainer has to fulfill when employed in the secondary school setting?

A) Physical therapist
B) Substitute teacher
C) Emergency medical technician
D) Strength and conditioning coach
E) School nurse

Question 5

What principle of conditioning addresses an individual's specific adaptation to imposed demands?

A) Intensity
B) Safety
C) Overload
D) Individuality
E) Specificity

Question 6

Which of the following principles of conditioning allows the program designer to address group needs, rather than individual needs?

A) Overload
B) Minimize stress
C) Specificity
D) Progression
E) Consistency

Question 7

Which of the following statementsbest describes the function of the warm-up?

A) It enables the body to cool and return to a resting state.
B) It is a period of 40-45 minutes that allows an individual to prepare for activity.
C) It increases core temperature and elevates the metabolic rate.
D) It decreases muscle soreness and will improve performance.
E) It prepares the body for physical work, e.g., skills of agility and, coordination, or cardio.

Question 8

What four components coordinate together to transport oxygen throughout the body?

A) Heart, brain, lungs, aorta
B) Heart, lungs, blood vessels, blood
C) Heart, lungs, veins, arteries
D) Brain, heart, veins, arteries
E) Heart, blood vessels, blood, brain

Question 9

Which of the following statements about cardiorespiratory endurance is correct?

A) The greater the percentage of maximum aerobic capacity required during an activity, the less time the activity may be performed.
B) A normal maximum aerobic capacity for most college-age athletes is within the range of 70-80 ml/kg range.
C) The maximal rate at which oxygen can be used is a congenital characteristic.
D) The greater the rate or intensity of the performance of an activity, the lesser the oxygen consumption.
E) The rate of oxygen consumption is based on age.

Question 10

How is the heart able to adapt to increased demands during exercise?

A) It decreases the volume of blood being pumped out with each beat.
B) The heart's rate will plateau at a given level within 15-20 minutes.
C) With high-intensity demands, heart rate and oxygen consumption are inversely related.
D) Cardiac output increases as aerobic capacity increases.
E) The stroke volume will increase as the heart rate increases at a given exercise load.

Question 11

What is known as the "ultimate usable form of energy for muscular activity"?

A) O₂
B) Glucose
C) ATP
D) ADP
E) Fat

Question 12

When using continuous training as a technique to improve cardiorespiratory endurance, what statement is incorrect?

A) Participation must be at least 20-60 minutes of continuous activity with the heart rate elevated to its working level.
B) Engaging in no fewer than three sessions per week, aiming for four or five sessions per week.
C) Type of activity must be aerobic.
D) The heart must be elevated to a specific target rate and be maintained at that level during the entire workout.
E) Maintaining the Karvonen formula for exercise heart rate, which uses the maximum heart rate and percentage of target intensity.

Question 13

Which of the following activities is an example of interval training?

A) Swimming 25 laps for time
B) Sprinting the straight-aways and jogging the curves of a track
C) Running from home plate to second base 15 times
D) Cariocas on a football field for 15 minutes
E) Dribbling a soccer field corner-to-corner

Question 14

What term is best identified with enlargement of a muscle caused by an increase in the size of its cells?

A) Muscular strength
B) Power
C) Muscular endurance
D) Hypertrophy
E) Atrophy

Question 15

Will a muscle hypertrophy if myofilaments also increase in both size and number?

A) Yes, this supports the theory that the number of muscle fibers increase because fibers split in response to training.
B) No, this contradicts the theory that myofilament increase only occurs in males.
C) Yes, this supports the theory that more blood is required to supply the muscle, thus, also increasing the number of capillaries.
D) No, this contradicts the theory that the number of fibers is genetically determined and does not increase with training.
E) Yes, this supports the theory that individual muscle fibers themselves increase in cross-sectional diameter.

Question 16

Select the correct explanation of the length-tension relation in muscle based on the figure.

A) Point A is the interaction where the crossbridges between the actin and myosin myofilaments within the sarcomere are at their maximum.
B) Point B is the interaction where the crossbridges between the actin and myosin myofilaments within the sarcomere are at their maximum.
C) Point C is the interaction where the crossbridges between the actin and myosin myofilaments within the sarcomere are at their maximum.
D) Points A and C have the greatest amount of tension.
E) Points B and C have the greatest amount of tension.

Question 17

What determines the tension that can be generated when referring to muscular strength?

A) Muscle diameter
B) Muscle hypertrophy
C) Muscle length
D) Muscle size
E) Muscle endurance

Question 18

How does an isometric muscular contraction occur?

A) The muscle shortens in length as the contraction is developed to overcome or move some resistance.
B) The muscle contracts to increase tension but there is no change in the length of the muscle.
C) The muscle contracts to increase tension with a change in the length of the muscle.
D) The muscle contracts while being elongated but does not change in length.
E) The muscle shortens in length, then elongates.

Question 19

Which of the following techniques of resistance training help an individual gain strength, neuromuscular control, power, and muscle endurance?

A) Functional strength training
B) Interval training
C) Isometric exercise
D) Progressive resistance exercise
E) Core stability training

Question 20

Shortening and lengthening a muscle through a complete range of motion for which of the following types of exercise?

A) Eccentric exercise
B) Concentric exercise
C) Isometric exercise
D) Isotonic exercise
E) Isokinetic exercise

Question 21

What instrument/machine is most commonly used to measure joint angles and range of motion at a joint?

A) Tape measure
B) Goniometer
C) Dynamometer
D) Skin caliper
E) Cybex

Question 22

In periodization training, a patient should be working on which period/phase during the off season?
I. Transition period
II. Strength phase
III. Power phase
IV. Competition period
V. Endurance phase

A) I & II
B) II & V
C) II & III
D) I, II & V
E) II, IV & V

Question 23

In periodization training a patient should be working on which period/phase during the preseason?
I. Transition period
II. Strength phase
III. Power phase
IV. Competition period
V. Endurance phase

A) II
B) III
C) II & III
D) I, II & V
E) II, IV & V