Question 1

Which of the following terms would likely be used only by qualitative researchers, as opposed to quantitative researchers, to refer to people who participate in a study?&#10;A) Informants&#10;B) Study participants&#10;C) Subjects&#10;D) Investigators

Accepted Answer

Informants are typically used in qualitative research to provide depth and context through their personal experiences and insights, unlike the more neutral or objectifying terms often used in quantitative research.

Question 2

Which of the following would be most likely called a construct?&#10;A) Gender&#10;B) Body temperature&#10;C) Self-care&#10;D) Blood type

Accepted Answer

Self-care&#10;

Question 3

&#34;Male&#34; is which of the following?&#10;A) Not a variable&#10;B) An independent variable&#10;C) A dependent variable&#10;D) An outcome variable

Accepted Answer

"Male" is not a variable itself; it is a value or category that a variable (such as gender) can take.

Question 4

The independent variable in the research question, &#34;What is the effect of noise levels on postoperative pain and blood pressure fluctuations in ICU patients?&#34; is which of the following?&#10;A) Blood pressure&#10;B) ICU patients&#10;C) Noise levels&#10;D) Postoperative pain

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or varied by the researcher to observe its effect on another variable. In this case, "noise levels" are being varied to study their effect on postoperative pain and blood pressure fluctuations in ICU patients, making it the independent variable.

Question 5

In the question, &#34;Do Baccalaureate degree-prepared nurses practice more rehabilitative nursing procedures on a client in an ICU than associate degree-prepared nurses?&#34; the independent variable is which of the following?&#10;A) Associate degree-prepared nurses&#10;B) Baccalaureate degree-prepared nurses&#10;C) Rehabilitative nursing measures&#10;D) Type of educational background of nurse

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or categorized to observe its effect on the dependent variable. In this case, the "type of educational background of nurse" (whether associate degree or baccalaureate degree) is the variable being considered to see its impact on the practice of rehabilitative nursing procedures, making it the independent variable.

Question 6

Which of the following is the least likely research tradition to be used by qualitative nurse researchers?&#10;A) Experimental&#10;B) Phenomenologic&#10;C) Ethnographic&#10;D) Grounded theory

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is more aligned with quantitative research methods, focusing on hypothesis testing, control groups, and statistical analysis, which is less common in qualitative nursing research that seeks to understand experiences, meanings, and cultural phenomena. Phenomenologic, ethnographic, and grounded theory approaches are all well-established qualitative research traditions in nursing.

Question 7

A researcher's expectations about the relationships between variables in a quantitative study are generally formulated as which of the following?&#10;A) Hypotheses&#10;B) Frameworks&#10;C) Research questions&#10;D) Conceptual definitions

Accepted Answer

Hypotheses are specific, testable predictions about the relationships between variables in a study, reflecting the researcher's expectations.

Question 8

The overall plan for answering a research question-the architectural backbone of a study-is called which of the following?&#10;A) Sampling plan&#10;B) Proposal&#10;C) Hypothesis&#10;D) Research design

Accepted Answer

Research design is the overall plan for answering a research question, acting as the architectural backbone of a study. It outlines the procedures for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data.

Question 9

Gaining entr&#233;e in a qualitative project usually requires negotiation with one or more of which of the following?&#10;A) Gatekeeper&#10;B) Researcher&#10;C) Informant&#10;D) Consultant

Accepted Answer

Gaining entrée in a qualitative project typically involves negotiating with a gatekeeper, who controls access to the research setting or participants.

Question 10

At what point does a qualitative researcher typically make a lot of decisions about data collection and sampling?&#10;A) While reviewing the literature&#10;B) During the development of a research report&#10;C) While the study is in progress in the field&#10;D) After developing an intervention protocol

Accepted Answer

Qualitative researchers often make significant decisions about data collection and sampling while the study is in progress in the field. This flexibility allows them to adjust their methods based on the data they collect and insights they gain, ensuring a more in-depth and accurate understanding of the research topic.

Question 11

In a qualitative study, the people cooperating in the study are called which of the following?&#10;A) Subjects&#10;B) Investigators&#10;C) Researchers&#10;D) Informants

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a qualitative study, the people cooperating...

Question 12

In qualitative research, theory is which of the following?&#10;A) A method to test hypotheses&#10;B) A tool to direct the research project&#10;C) A product of the research&#10;D) A way to test relationships between two different groups

Accepted Answer

The answer of In qualitative research, theory is which of...

Question 13

The independent variable in the research question, &#34;What is the effect of noise levels on postoperative pain in ICU patients?&#34; is which of the following?&#10;A) Surgery&#10;B) ICU patients&#10;C) Noise levels&#10;D) Postoperative pain

Accepted Answer

The answer of The independent variable in the research question,...

Question 14

A researcher conceptualizes pain as &#34;the subject's statement of intensity of pain.&#34; Whatoperational definition is consistent with this conceptualization?&#10;A) Measurement of subject's pulse and blood pressure&#10;B) Nurse's observation of subject's pain behavior&#10;C) Subject's score on self-reported pain rating scale&#10;D) Frequency of subject's use of pain medication

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher conceptualizes pain as &#34;the subject's...

Question 15

Which of the following is true of an experimental study? Select all that apply.&#10;A) It includes an intervention or treatment.&#10;B) It is a type of qualitative research.&#10;C) It can be called a clinical trial.&#10;D) It tests causal relationships.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true of...

Question 16

The conceptual phase of the research process involves which of the following activities?&#10;A) Formulating the problem and reviewing the related literature&#10;B) Selecting an appropriate research design for the study&#10;C) Finalizing and reviewing the research plan&#10;D) Interpreting the results of data analysis of key variables

Accepted Answer

The answer of The conceptual phase of the research process...

Question 17

The purpose of ethnographic research is to do which of the following?&#10;A) Study situations to aid in theory development&#10;B) Describe experiences as they are lived&#10;C) Observe and document interactions within a culture&#10;D) Examine events of the past

Accepted Answer

The answer of The purpose of ethnographic research is to...

Question 18

In qualitative research, saturation indicates which of the following?&#10;A) There are too many subjects&#10;B) Themes in the data are repeating&#10;C) Too many variables are included in a study&#10;D) The quality of the data is excellent

Accepted Answer

The answer of In qualitative research, saturation indicates which of...

Question 19

Putting evidence into practice is in which phase of the quantitative research process?&#10;A) Dissemination&#10;B) Analytic&#10;C) Empirical&#10;D) Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Putting evidence into practice is in which...

Deck 3: Reading and Critically Appraising Research Articles