Deck 4: American Citizenship and Civic Culture

Question 1

According to the Declaration of Independence, what commonality must a people share that is necessary for nationhood?

A) Ancestry
B) Language
C) Manners and customs
D) Political principles
E) Religion

Answer 1

Political principles

Question 2

Americans tend to believe that they are mainly united by

A) birth.
B) ideals.
C) language.
D) religion.
E) geography.

Answer 2

ideals.

Question 3

________ is the term for blending diverse immigrant groups into one American people.

A) Assimilation
B) Expatriation
C) Identification
D) Naturalization
E) Unification

Answer 3

Assimilation

Question 4

What concern did Thomas Jefferson express about unrestricted immigration?

A) Assimilation would be more difficult.
B) Foreigners may bring either monarchical principles or licentiousness.
C) Only those who had direct ties to the revolution were worthy of citizenship.
D) Immigrants could be spies sent by other countries.
E) Immigrants could not be educated in American schools.

Question 5

Restrictions were first placed on voluntary immigration to the United States

A) at the Constitutional Convention.
B) at the adoption of the Bill of Rights.
C) in 1808.
D) almost fifty years after the founding.
E) nearly 100 years after the founding.

Question 6

The Alien Act allowed

A) the deportation of any German or Irish citizen.
B) the deportation of aliens who were considered dangerous.
C) the deportation of aliens who were citizens of a nation at war with the United States.
D) the president to restrict immigration in times of war.
E) aggressive competition among states to attract immigrants.

Question 7

What fear fueled opposition to immigration of Catholics during the 1840s and 1850s?

A) Papal rule and authority threatened to destroy religious and political liberty.
B) The Pope might condemn democracy and excommunicate the entire nation.
C) Catholicism would become the dominant religion in the United States.
D) Catholics would fail to fulfill their civic duties because they would be too busy in church.
E) Catholics would prefer to read the Bible than the Constitution.

Question 8

Nativism is the term used to describe efforts by

A) abolitionists to curb slavery.
B) anti-federalists to defeat the Constitution.
C) Congress to retain power over the states.
D) native-born Americans to restrict immigration.
E) states to regulate Indian tribes.

Question 9

Who were the first individuals restricted from immigrating to the United States?

A) Germans and Irish
B) People from monarchical nations
C) Prostitutes and convicts
D) Chinese
E) Japanese

Question 10

________ laborers were the first to be excluded from immigration based on ethnicity.

A) African
B) Chinese
C) Filipino
D) Irish
E) Japanese

Question 11

Theodore Roosevelt negotiated the Gentleman's Agreement of 1907 with the Japanese government in order to

A) improve industry in California.
B) discourage immigration from China.
C) build a labor force in California.
D) encourage Japanese immigration.
E) limit Japanese immigration.

Question 12

During the early twentieth century, immigrant population shifted from predominantly northern and western European to

A) African.
B) Latin American.
C) Middle Eastern.
D) Russian.
E) southern and eastern European.

Question 13

Congress established the national origins quota system in response to a growing belief that new immigrants

A) were imperative to the continued growth of the American economy.
B) spurred the economy and helped create jobs.
C) were genetically inferior to natural born citizens.
D) instilled American values in their children and increased patriotism.
E) did not share American values and were the cause of increased overcrowding and crime.

Question 14

What was a major cause of increased immigration after 1960?

A) Communism advanced in China.
B) Congress repealed the national origins quota.
C) Industrial and technological growth attracted many immigrants.
D) Refugees were not permitted.
E) The United States began advertising overseas.

Question 15

Jews who fled to the United States to escape the reach of Hitler's Germany are an example of

A) illegal immigrants.
B) multiculturalists.
C) nativists.
D) naturalized citizens.
E) refugees.

Question 16

How does an economic migrant differ from a refugee?

A) A refugee is given a lower preference for immigration to America than an economic migrant.
B) A refugee must be fleeing persecution, while an economic migrant is seeking a more prosperous life.
C) An economic migrant is a refugee who enters the United States without means to support himself.
D) An economic migrant is fleeing persecution of his assets.
E) Refugees and economic migrants are the same.

Question 17

Illegal immigrants from Mexico account for how much of the illegal population?

A) Less than 10%
B) Nearly 33%
C) 59%
D) Almost 90%
E) Almost 99%

Question 18

The 2011 DREAM Act would have provided the opportunity for citizenship of

A) illegal immigrants who paid taxes.
B) immigrants who applied for a work visa.
C) children born in the United States to parents who entered the country illegally.
D) children brought to the United States illegally who later earned a college degree or served in the military.
E) children born outside the United States to American citizens.

Question 19

The Constitution requires that members of the Senate have been citizens of the United States for

A) one year.
B) two years.
C) seven years.
D) nine years.
E) their entire lives.

Question 20

According to the Constitution, the president must be a(n)

A) natural born citizen.
B) citizen by the age of 35.
C) citizen for ten years.
D) citizen of a particular state.
E) elected official before becoming president.

Question 21

The Constitution gave the power to regulate naturalization to

A) the House of Representatives.
B) the Senate.
C) Congress.
D) the president.
E) the states.

Question 22

What action of the federal government in the 1790s suggests that free blacks were understood to be citizens?

A) Banning slavery in any new states
B) Integrating schools in Massachusetts
C) Issuing seamen's protection certificates
D) Passing the Immigration Act
E) Providing a citizenship clause in the Bill of Rights

Question 23

The Missouri state constitution violated the privileges and immunities clause by

A) restricting commerce within its borders.
B) settling its own naturalization policies.
C) granting immunity to escaped slaves.
D) refusing entry of free black citizens.
E) usurping the federal privilege to coin money.

Question 24

The opinion written by Chief Justice Taney in the Dred Scott case rendered the Missouri Compromise

A) constitutional.
B) relevant only to Missouri.
C) relevant only to Kansas and Nebraska.
D) the law of the land.
E) unconstitutional.

Question 25

The ________ Amendment defines citizenship.

A) Eleventh
B) Twelfth
C) Thirteenth
D) Fourteenth
E) Fifteenth

Question 26

Why did the Fourteenth Amendment not apply to Native Americans?

A) The amendment applied only to freed slaves.
B) As they were born on reservations, they were not "subject to the jurisdiction" of the United States.
C) Several states refused to ratify the amendment if it included Native Americans.
D) The Supreme Court ruled against the constitutionality of the amendment.
E) Native Americans rejected Congress's offer of citizenship.

Question 27

Under the Constitution, Congress has the power to

A) apprehend and detain leaders of Indian tribes.
B) deport Indians not living on official tribal lands.
C) manage all affairs with Indian tribes.
D) regulate commerce with Indian tribes.
E) treat Indian leaders as enemy combatants.

Question 28

In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia the Supreme Court ruled that

A) Georgia was not in violation of the rights of the Cherokee Nation.
B) Indian tribes had no right to access federal courts.
C) Indian tribes were "foreign nations" as the term was used in the Constitution.
D) Indians residing in the United States were citizens.
E) the Cherokee tribe could remain in Georgia.

Question 29

In Worcester v. Georgia the Supreme Court ruled that

A) Andrew Jackson had broken the law by allowing the Indian Removal Act.
B) Cherokee Nation v. Georgia was wrongly decided.
C) Indian tribes had the same status as a foreign nation.
D) Indian tribes must surrender all authority to the state governments.
E) the Cherokee Nation had rights that the state of Georgia must respect.

Question 30

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized

A) agreements between the president and Indian tribes to exchange their land in eastern states for new land west of the Mississippi River.
B) Congress to order all Indians out of United States territory.
C) law enforcement to apprehend, detain, and deport leaders of Indian tribes.
D) the president to forcibly remove Indians from their lands.
E) the United States to seize control of reservation lands.

Question 31

Nineteenth-century treaties with Indians concerning citizenship resulted in

A) relatively few Indians becoming citizens.
B) tens of thousands of Indians receiving citizenship.
C) the disbanding of the Cherokee Nation.
D) the dissolution of most tribes.
E) the Trail of Tears.

Question 32

The ________ Act resulted in about half of all Native Americans becoming American citizens by the early 1900s.

A) Cherokee Dissolution
B) Dawes Severalty
C) Indian Citizenship
D) Indian Removal
E) Worcester

Question 33

Lone Wolf v. Hitchcock affirmed

A) Indians' right to citizenship.
B) the complete autonomy of Indian tribes.
C) the power of Congress to regulate Indian lands and affairs.
D) the power of states to remove Indians from their territories.
E) the right of the president to negotiate treaties with Indian tribes.

Question 34

Federal policies since the 1930s have

A) destroyed nearly one-third of all Indian reservations.
B) disbanded all major tribes.
C) emphasized a sense of Indian identity.
D) stressed assimilation.
E) undercut movements to allow Indians full citizenship.

Question 35

The first time the government conferred citizenship on a class of persons without requiring individual naturalizations occurred

A) with the Louisiana Purchase Treaty.
B) after the War of 1812.
C) with the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo.
D) after the Civil War.
E) during World War I.

Question 36

The first naturalization laws in the United States included

A) prohibitions on Asian immigrants.
B) English proficiency.
C) few requirements.
D) lengthy residency requirements.
E) property restrictions.

Question 37

Modern naturalization laws allow what one major exception to the five-year residency requirement?

A) Artists
B) Canadian immigrants
C) Elderly applicants
D) Military service
E) Scientists

Question 38

What effect have recent court cases had on the rights of permanent legal residents of the United States?

A) The Supreme Court has gradually reduced the protections and rights of permanent legal residents.
B) States have gained more authority over permanent legal residents.
C) They have curbed the authority of state and federal governments to discriminate between citizens and permanent legal residents.
D) The number of permanent legal residents has declined because of the court's judgments against their rights.
E) The rights of permanent legal residents are indistinguishable from the rights of citizens.

Question 39

The right of expatriation gives people the right to

A) become full citizens of the United States.
B) be deported from their country.
C) be stripped of citizenship.
D) renounce citizenship.
E) take on dual citizenship.

Question 40

What idea is associated with multiculturalism?

A) Immigrants from other cultures blend together into a single culture.
B) American society is a collection or aggregation of many cultures.
C) There should be only one culture in the United States.
D) Americans should be immersed in many cultures during childhood.
E) Northeastern states are committed to independent zones for various cultures in order to prevent assimilation.

Question 41

Which of the following is not an element of civic culture discussed in the text?

A) Community service
B) Individualism
C) Military service
D) Patriotism
E) Religion

Question 42

A major distinction of the United States from other countries is a widespread belief in

A) bans on gun ownership.
B) individual responsibility.
C) national health care.
D) socialism.
E) violence.

Question 43

How do other advanced industrial democracies compare to America in attendance at religious services?

A) European attendance is on the rise, whereas American attendance has decreased sharply in the last ten years.
B) Many more Americans than Europeans report attending religious services regularly.
C) More Europeans than Americans report attending religious services regularly.
D) Europeans and Americans attend religious services in proportionate numbers.
E) Compared to other industrialized nations, the United States has the smallest percentage of people attending religious services.

Question 44

What are two possible reasons there has never been a major socialist movement in the United States?

A) Distrust of central government and belief in national health care
B) Distrust of central government and economic self-interest
C) Support for economic competition and distrust of central government authority
D) Support for economic competition and belief in political activity
E) Support for economic competition and desire for national health care

Question 45

The Progressive movement rose in part in opposition to

A) absolute authority of states over intrastate commerce.
B) concentrated powers such as political machines and large corporations.
C) expanding public social programs such as welfare.
D) increasing government expenditures.
E) the domination of the Republican Party in Congress.

Question 46

As originally written, the establishment clause of the Constitution prohibits

A) a national church.
B) establishing religious charities within the United States.
C) politicians taking money from religious groups.
D) religious leaders serving in Congress.
E) the states having official churches.

Question 47

The Pilgrims came to North America because of hardships in England after they

A) became Catholic.
B) broke with the Church of England.
C) lost all their property.
D) renounced their allegiance to the British crown.
E) signed the Mayflower Compact.

Question 48

The Mayflower Compact became a symbol for how people could

A) develop a new and successful government.
B) establish a colony in a new land.
C) flout the directives of the king provided they had faith in God.
D) create a community under God's watchful eye.
E) prosper without ties to England.

Question 49

The Puritans were a group of people who

A) came to America before the Pilgrims.
B) placed reason over faith.
C) preferred no religious influence in their government.
D) wanted to purify the Church of England.
E) were elected to oversee the Salem witch trials.

Question 50

How did Pilgrims and Puritans differ?

A) Pilgrims had a more lasting effect on the American mind and attitudes.
B) Puritans supported the Enlightenment, whereas Pilgrims were the driving force behind the Great Awakening.
C) The Pilgrims formed a distinct church, whereas the Puritans were part of a reform movement.
D) The Puritans remained a relatively small group, whereas the Pilgrims encompassed many denominations that spread quickly across the new land.
E) The Puritans were more politically-oriented than the Pilgrims.

Question 51

_______ was the eighteenth-century revival movement that stressed personal experience of religion.

A) The First Great Awakening
B) The Second Great Awakening
C) Deism
D) Puritanism
E) The Enlightenment

Question 52

Delegates who believed that all deliberations at the Constitutional Convention should be rooted in reason rather than acknowledge any faith, were likely adherents of

A) Catholicism.
B) Puritanism.
C) the Church of England.
D) the Enlightenment.
E) the First Great Awakening.

Question 53

Which belief system held that, despite the existence of divinely created natural laws, men alone were responsible for their success or failure?

A) Atheism
B) Catholicism
C) Deism
D) Puritanism
E) The Enlightenment

Question 54

Most signers of the Constitution were

A) atheists.
B) former preachers.
C) members of a major Christian denomination.
D) participants in revival meetings of the First Great Awakening.
E) strict adherents of the Enlightenment.

Question 55

How did the First and Second Great Awakenings differ?

A) The Second Great Awakening was distinctly less religious in nature.
B) The First Great Awakening was distinctly less religious in nature.
C) The First Great Awakening placed the greatest emphasis on abolition.
D) The Second Great Awakening stressed a personal experience, whereas the First Great Awakening emphasized social improvement and moral reform.
E) The First Great Awakening stressed personal experience, whereas the Second Great Awakening emphasized social improvement and moral reform.

Question 56

The term civil religion refers to

A) beliefs about the country's place in the universe.
B) local and state laws governing religion.
C) the official religion of a country.
D) the place of religion in American society.
E) the tendency of Americans to cast votes for religious individuals.

Question 57

The phrase "city on a hill" is often used in politics to express the

A) belief that the United States is vastly superior to other nations.
B) belief that the United States should serve as an example to other nations.
C) distinction between Washington, D.C. and other cities.
D) need to build cities outside flood zones.
E) need to connect religion and politics.

Question 58

Although there is no mention of God in the federal Constitution,

A) all state constitutions contain such a reference.
B) all state mottos mention divinity.
C) nearly half of the state constitutions contain such a reference.
D) presidents routinely refer to Jesus Christ in their public statements.
E) Thomas Jefferson lobbied to include it.

Question 59

How many federal holidays exist to honor those who have served in the military?

A) None
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
E) Four

Question 60

What is cosmopolitanism?

A) A movement that takes patriotism to the extreme of becoming a religion
B) A movement urging all Americans to proudly display patriotic symbols
C) Attaching allegiance to a foreign nation
D) Giving primary allegiance to the world community
E) Immersing oneself in the culture of the nation's largest cities

Question 61

America ranks __________ when compared to other industrial democracies in charitable giving as a percentage of gross domestic product.

A) above average
B) below average
C) fifteen points ahead of others nations
D) last
E) average

Question 62

Which group formed the Christian Commission during the Civil War to support military chaplains and furnish troops with Bibles in addition to other charitable works?

A) American Red Cross
B) Daughters of Liberty
C) Minutemen
D) United States Sanitary Commission
E) YMCA

Question 63

In 1881, Clara Barton helped to form the

A) American Red Cross.
B) Daughters of Liberty.
C) Minutemen.
D) United States Sanitary Commission.
E) YMCA.

Question 64

Americans who regularly attend worship services are

A) less likely than others to give time and money.
B) less likely to believe that there is a need for charitable work.
C) more likely than others to donate time and money.
D) more likely to believe that their attendance at church is a sufficient substitute for community service.
E) the only source of volunteers in the country.

Question 65

What government office was established to help religious and secular groups make a bigger impact in their communities?

A) Executive Office of Religious and Secular Cooperation
B) House Office of Community Service
C) Senate Office of Volunteer Action
D) President's Council on Community Organization
E) White House Office of Faith-based and Neighborhood Partnerships

Question 66

What federal program was created in 1960 based on the model of the Quakers' American Friends Service Committee?

A) AmeriCorps
B) Amnesty International
C) Boy Scouts of America
D) Greenpeace
E) The Peace Corps

Question 67

American naturalization law denies citizenship to anyone who

A) has been convicted of a felony in his or her native country.
B) has never voted in his or her native country.
C) is a native of a communist country.
D) advocates communism.
E) prefers to speak a language other than English.

Question 68

What characteristic defines the American people as one nation?

Question 69

How has immigration policy changed over the course of American history?

Question 70

What are the arguments for and against granting amnesty and the possibility of citizenship to illegal immigrants?

Question 71

What position did Chief Justice Taney take in the Dred Scott case? What three points did he make, and what were the responses of the dissenting Justices?

Question 72

What are the rights, duties, and privileges of a U.S. citizen?

Question 73

Under what conditions can an American be stripped of the rights of citizenship? How have those conditions changed over time?

Question 74

What are the four elements of American civic culture? How are they evident in American society?

Question 75

What was the impact of the First and Second Great Awakenings?

Question 76

What role did religion play in the anti-slavery movement?

Question 77

What arguments can be made against patriotism? What response do its supporters give?