Question 1

A meta-analysis is a type of:&#10;A) Clinical practice guideline&#10;B) Systematic review&#10;C) Randomized controlled trial&#10;D) Case report

Accepted Answer

A meta-analysis is a statistical technique that combines the results of multiple scientific studies to arrive at a conclusion about a body of research, typically used within the context of a systematic review.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a key characteristic of a systematic review?&#10;A) Appraisal of the validity of studies' findings&#10;B) Precise methodology that can be duplicated and updated&#10;C) Organized and methodical search to identify all relevant studies&#10;D) Detailed description of a patient, including treatment interventions and outcomes

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews are characterized by their methodical approach to identifying, appraising, and synthesizing all relevant studies on a particular topic. They emphasize a precise, reproducible methodology and aim to appraise the validity of the findings of included studies. A detailed description of a patient, including treatment interventions and outcomes, is more characteristic of a case report or case series, not a systematic review.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true regarding systematic reviews?&#10;A) Systematic reviews typically address case reports and case series.&#10;B) A systematic review is a published version of papers and abstracts presented at a conference.&#10;C) Systematic reviews do not use inclusion and exclusion criteria.&#10;D) A systematic review applies the scientific method to a review of the literature.

Accepted Answer

Systematic reviews apply the scientific method to gather, critically appraise, and synthesize existing research on a particular topic, using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure a comprehensive and unbiased review of the literature.

Question 4

An investigator wanted to determine the efficacy of aquatic exercise on knee osteoarthritis. The investigator pooled the subjects from four different randomized controlled trials and analyzed the results. This type of study would be considered a:

A) Systematic review
B) Meta-analysis
C) Clinical practice guideline
D) Randomized controlled trial

Accepted Answer

A meta-analysis involves statistically combining the results of several studies that address a set of related research hypotheses, which is what the investigator did by pooling subjects from different randomized controlled trials to analyze the results collectively.

Question 5

Most clinical practice guidelines are developed through funding from all of the following except:&#10;A) Government entities&#10;B) Professional associations&#10;C) Insurance companies&#10;D) Health-care organizations

Accepted Answer

Most clinical practice guidelines are developed with funding from government entities, professional associations, and healthcare organizations. Insurance companies typically do not fund the development of clinical practice guidelines, as their primary role is to provide health insurance coverage rather than to develop guidelines for clinical practice.

Question 6

Research reviews are important in evidence based practice because:&#10;A) They provide an efficient method of searching for evidence&#10;B) The clinician will no longer have to search for evidence&#10;C) They provide a primary source of evidence to the literature&#10;D) The clinician will no longer need to develop clinical questions

Accepted Answer

Research reviews are crucial in evidence-based practice primarily because they offer an efficient method for searching for evidence. They synthesize findings from multiple studies, making it easier for clinicians to access and apply the latest research without having to individually search and evaluate each piece of evidence.

Question 7

The Ottawa Panel developed:&#10;A) Systematic reviews&#10;B) Peer-reviewed journals&#10;C) Clinical practice guidelines&#10;D) Textbooks

Accepted Answer

The Ottawa Panel is known for developing clinical practice guidelines. These guidelines are designed to help practitioners and patients make decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances.

Deck 7: Research Reviews and Secondary Sources