Deck 10: Feminist Theory and Therapy

Question 1

Which statement is most consistent with first wave feminism?

A) This wave had a broad focus on how sexism and patriarchy impact all members of society.
B) During this wave feminists lobbied for all women's right to vote, own property, and be acknowledged as citizens.
C) This wave is characterized by the women's liberation movement, the formation of the National Organization for Women (NOW), and shifting toward a focus on women's political and personal experiences.
D) During this wave men began leading the charge toward adopting feminist values-especially within government.
E) This wave was characterized by increased sexual assaults and strong resistance from the Christian left.

Answer 1

During this wave feminists lobbied for all women's right to vote, own property, and be acknowledged as citizens.

Question 2

Which statement is most consistent with second wave feminism?

A) This wave had a broad focus on how sexism and patriarchy impact all members of society.
B) During this wave feminists lobbied for all women's right to vote, own property, and be acknowledged as citizens.
C) This wave is characterized by the women's liberation movement, the formation of the National Organization for Women (NOW), and shifting toward a focus on women's political and personal experiences.
D) During this wave men began leading the charge toward adopting feminist values-especially within government.
E) This wave was characterized by increased sexual assaults and strong resistance from the Christian left.

Answer 2

This wave is characterized by the women's liberation movement, the formation of the National Organization for Women (NOW), and shifting toward a focus on women's political and personal experiences.

Question 3

Which statement is most consistent with third wave feminism?

A) This wave had a broad focus on how sexism and patriarchy impact all members of society.
B) During this wave feminists lobbied for all women's right to vote, own property, and be acknowledged as citizens.
C) This wave is characterized by the women's liberation movement, the formation of the National Organization of Women (NOW), and shifting toward a focus on women's political and personal experiences.
D) During this wave men began leading the charge toward adopting feminist values-especially within government.
E) This wave was characterized by increased sexual assaults and strong resistance from the Christian left.

Answer 3

This wave had a broad focus on how sexism and patriarchy impact all members of society.

Question 4

Raissa Adler and Karen Horney are both viewed as:

A) Alfred Adler's first two wives.
B) Early behaviorists.
C) Early socialists.
D) Strongly opposed to psychological treatment for women (due to the inherent discrimination against women during their time).
E) Early feminists.

Question 5

Who was first modern theorist to openly point to the terrible damage done by society to women?

A) Glasser.
B) Adler.
C) Freud.
D) Frankl.
E) Rogers.

Question 6

The founder or originator of feminist theory and therapy was:

A) Alfred Adler.
B) Raissa Adler.
C) Jean Baker Miller.
D) Juliette Mitchell.
E) There was no single or main founder or originator of feminist theory and therapy.

Question 7

In Women and Madness (1972), Phyllis Chesler reported which of the following?

A) High rates of males in psychiatric hospitals were caused, in part, by women not fulfilling their proper social roles during the 1960s.
B) Women were often labeled as disturbed because they didn't want to engage in full-time parenting or wanted to enter the working world.
C) High rates of women in psychiatric hospitals were a reflection of rampant penis envy among women.
D) Many women went to psychotherapy because of unfulfilled sexual needs that they then sought to have fulfilled within the therapy relationship.
E) Historically, women have always been more fragile and susceptible to mental disorders.

Question 8

What is the meaning of Kinder, Kuche, Kirche?

A) It refers to the movement of creating strong women leaders.
B) It refers to women being oppressed by the church.
C) The proper place and role for women involves raising children, attending church, and kitchen work.
D) A women's advocacy group in Germany, pre-World War II.
E) Both a and d are correct.

Question 9

In 1970, Broverman, Clarkson, Rosencrantz, and Vogel conducted a research study and reported which of the following?

A) Healthy males and healthy adults were viewed as highly similar.
B) Healthy females and healthy adults were essentially synonomous.
C) In the eyes of a typical psychotherapist at the time, women were lesser beings whose attributes were less socially desirable.
D) Both a and b are true.
E) Both a and c are true.

Question 10

Which of the following 1960s and 1970s activities or events helped catalyze the women's movement?

A) Feminist consciousness-raising groups.
B) The temperance movement in the rural South.
C) The election of Susan B. Anthony as the first female vice president.
D) The birth of Sarah Palin.
E) Initial community organizing work by Hillary Clinton.

Question 11

What is relational-cultural therapy?

A) A contemporary feminist-informed therapy practice gaining in popularity.
B) A multicultural therapy approach that initially focused on therapy for Asian peoples.
C) A collectivist multicultural therapy approach designed to increase community living.
D) Only a and b are true.
E) Only a and c are true.

Question 12

The practice of relational-cultural therapy is based on:

A) A new model of human development that places connection at the center of growth.
B) A new model of human development that places culture at the center of growth.
C) The idea that psychological separation is essential to human growth and development.
D) Gender-specific roles and functions within society.
E) The elimination of gender roles within society.

Question 13

Feminist theory has at its core:

A) Egalitarianism or a belief in male-female equality.
B) The belief that women should rule the world.
C) The belief that women should control all males.
D) The belief that women should ignore political contexts of their lives.
E) Both a and b are true.

Question 14

Which of the following is/are true about patriarchy?

A) It's a system based on fairness and equality between males and females.
B) It's a system that privileges maleness and denigrates female qualities.
C) Because it was developed by men, men continue to be solely responsible for its perpetuation.
D) It involves an effort to undermine existing hierarchical social systems and structures.
E) Only a and c are true.

Question 15

Which of the following is considered the first principle of feminist psychological theory?

A) Biologically determined sexual characteristics play a central role in understanding client experiences.
B) Socially constructed gender-role expectations play a central role in understanding client experiences.
C) Both biologically determined sexual characteristics and socially constructed gender-role expectations play a central role in understanding client experiences.
D) Neither biologically determined sexual characteristics nor socially constructed gender-role expectations play a central role in understanding client experiences.
E) Women are naturally and biologically predisposed to be inferior to males.

Question 16

What is the definition of gender?

A) Whether one is biologically male or female.
B) The socially constructed attributes of maleness and femaleness.
C) The presence or absence of a vagina.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and c are true.

Question 17

What is the definition of sex?

A) Whether one is biologically male or female.
B) The socially constructed attributes of maleness and femaleness.
C) The presence or absence of testosterone.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and c are true.

Question 18

Intersex conditions are now generally referred to as which of the following?

A) Intersexuality.
B) Disorders of sexual development.
C) Developmental sex divergences.
D) Sexual deviance.
E) Morphism.

Question 19

Which term has been suggested as a replacement term for intersex conditions that is less stigmatizing?

A) Intersexuality.
B) Disorders of sexual development.
C) Developmental sex divergences.
D) Sexual deviance.
E) Morphism.

Question 20

In a review of 46 meta-analyses, Hyde (2005) reported that females:

A) Are from Venus.
B) Are strikingly similar to males across a wide range of psychological variables.
C) Do not become clear about their gender roles until about age 7 years.
D) Are strikingly more competent than males across a wide range of psychological variables.
E) Are clearly less competent than males in math and science.

Question 21

Researchers believe that ideas about sexual identity are absorbed by a certain age. What age is that?

A) 18 months.
B) 12 months.
C) 14 months.
D) 24 months.
E) 36 months.

Question 22

What is meant by the "iron rule" in feminist theory?

A) Men always have and always will try to dominate women.
B) Women must stand up for and advocate for their rights.
C) Men who conduct research are usually insensitive to women's issues.
D) For psychological and cognitive variables studied, the average difference within each sex is always greater than the average difference between the sexes.
E) Women must learn to rule the household with an iron fist for feminism to prosper.

Question 23

Which of the following is/are an aspect of the concept of "male as normative"?

A) Whatever is defined as masculine or maleness is what sets the standard for normality.
B) Anything deviating from the male standard may be considered abnormal.
C) Females are evaluated in a more positive light when they behave like men are expected to behave.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 24

The University of Montana named its men's basketball team the "Grizzlies" and its women's basketball team the "Lady Grizzlies." This is an example of:

A) Feminism normative.
B) Female identity issues.
C) Male as normative.
D) Equal identity.
E) Gender bending.

Question 25

Carol Gilligan's work with Kohlberg on moral development led her to:

A) Conclude that moral development was not an important concept.
B) Decide to pursue research on the fight-or-flight stress response.
C) Hypothesize that an ethic of caring for others might constitute a different type of moral reasoning more readily displayed by females.
D) Highlight how physical differences between males and females contribute to why men tend to be more rational moral actors than women.
E) Both a and b.

Question 26

Shelly Taylor and her colleagues found that:

A) The preponderance of research exploring the fight-or-flight phenomenon had been conducted on males, especially on male rats.
B) Prior to 1995, women constituted about 17% of participants in laboratory studies of physiological and neuroendocrine responses to stress.
C) Prior to 2000, most research focused on female animal subjects, which produced biased results.
D) Both a and b are true.
E) Both a and c are true.

Question 27

Which of the following alternatives to the fight-or-flight stress response did Shelly Taylor and associates propose for females?

A) Tend and befriend.
B) Shake and slide.
C) Faint and fall.
D) Stand and demand.
E) Lead and feed.

Question 28

All of the following are desirable outcomes for clients of feminist therapy EXCEPT:

A) Changing the ways they view their world.
B) Reclaiming and using their personal power.
C) Growing and developing in ways that had been stymied.
D) Accepting the fact that one's gender restricts him or her and there's nothing the person can do.
E) These are all desirable outcomes for feminist therapy.

Question 29

What is meant by the statement that "the personal is political"?

A) Women should have equal opportunity to run for public office.
B) When countries deny women the right to vote, it is a violation of their rights.
C) Social transformation and personal transformation are intrinsically linked.
D) Social power has always been viewed as a natural right of men.
E) Both a and b are true.

Question 30

Underlying goals of feminist therapy include which of the following?

A) Highlighting patterns and social forces that diminish the client's sense of power and control.
B) Helping clients reclaim power and authority in the direction of their lives.
C) Letting clients experience shared power in the therapy relationship.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 31

Which statement(s) is/are true regarding the feminist perspective on standardized assessment?

A) Feminist therapists are familiar with standard assessment procedures, but generally avoid using them.
B) Feminist therapists believe assessment and diagnosis inappropriately place problems within the psyche of individuals-even when there is ample evidence to suggest the problem is initiated and maintained by deviant social, political, and patriarchal forces.
C) To maintain fairness and equality, feminist therapists are very inclined toward using standardized psychological assessments to aid in diagnosis and treatment.
D) All of the above.
E) Both a and b.

Question 32

Which of the following are examples of the four power types described by Brown (2010)?

A) Sensory power.
B) Physical power.
C) Mental power.
D) Simple power.
E) None of these were described by Brown.

Question 33

A power shortage in the interpersonal domain is:

A) Common among oppressed peoples.
B) Associated with feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, or isolation.
C) Associated with feelings of invisibility or irrelevance.
D) All of the above.
E) Only a and b.

Question 34

The feminist therapy perspective considers it healthy:

A) For males to become the primary breadwinner for the family.
B) For females and others to balance mating and nurturing activities with activities outside the family.
C) For males and females to divide roles and chores along gender-based lines.
D) For women to say "I'm sorry" more often than men.
E) None of the above.

Question 35

William Pollack's statement that boys are supposed to just shut up and take it and keep it all in or risk being seen as girly is an example of:

A) The cost to boys that occurs when they don't fit into the dominant gender roles in our society.
B) The reality that boys need to learn to control their more tender emotions and stand up for themselves.
C) The fact that many problems faced by men are by-products of male socialization.
D) Only a and c.
E) Only b and c.

Question 36

In recent years several writers in the popular media have addressed what has been termed a "male crisis." This crisis is related to:

A) An apparent lack of career ambition in young men.
B) A significant drop of male enrollments in college.
C) Fewer men taking on a provider role in relationships.
D) All of the above.
E) Only b and c.

Question 37

What do feminists believe about the therapy relationship?

A) That it should be friendly, but not too close.
B) That it should be clear that the therapist is the authority figure.
C) That it should be mutually empathic and egalitarian.
D) That, similar to Albert Ellis, the therapy relationship is of minimal importance.
E) That the therapist should not self-disclose.

Question 38

Sally's therapist is working with her to express her anger. Which of the following is/are likely to be rationale(s) for facilitating anger expression among women clients?

A) Anger can help with insight or consciousness-raising.
B) Many women have experienced cultural inhibitions limiting their anger expression, so it's important to work through those inhibitions.
C) Anger is generally an irrational response, so Sally's therapist can help her see how she's distorting reality and becoming angry about minor events and issues.
D) All of the above are true.
E) Only a and b are true.

Question 39

Which of the following is/are way(s) in that self-disclosure facilitates feminist therapy?

A) Therapists self-disclose to model openness and transparency.
B) Self-disclosure is used to enhance relationship connection.
C) Self-disclosure is used to share experiences and wisdom in a nonhierarchical manner.
D) Self-disclosure can facilitate an egalitarian relationship.
E) All of the above are true.

Question 40

Betty is meeting with a feminist counselor to discuss her depression and dissatisfaction in her romantic relationship. Which theme(s) is/are the counselor likely to focus on?

A) The lack of equality and mutual respect in Betty's relationship.
B) The unconscious, repeating patterns that cause Betty to keep getting into dissatisfying relationships.
C) The social power structures that contribute to Betty's feelings of powerlessness in romantic relationships.
D) Both a and b.
E) Both a and c.

Question 41

Neal has chosen to go see a feminist therapist. What distinct therapy quality(ies) do you suppose he's likely to experience during his feminist therapy sessions?

A) The therapist is likely to dominate the session and freely provide him with advice.
B) The therapist is unlikely to self-disclose or share information about herself or himself with Neal.
C) The therapist is likely to share power with Neal in a way that helps him feel empowered.
D) All of the above are true.
E) Only a and b are true.

Question 42

As a result of feminist therapy, clients may:

A) Grow and develop in ways that had been stymied.
B) Relate to others in more productive, fulfilling ways.
C) Reclaim and use their personal power.
D) Change the ways they view their world.
E) All of the above.