Deck 6: Jeffersonian Democracy

Question 1

The winner of the presidential election of 1800 was chosen by the

A) Senate.
B) Electoral College.
C) Supreme Court.
D) House of Representatives.

Answer 1

House of Representatives.

Question 2

In the election of 1800,

A) Jefferson's vice-presidential running mate was George Clinton.
B) Jefferson was finally chosen president by the House of Representatives.
C) Adams and Jefferson received the same number of electoral votes.
D) Jefferson was finally chosen president by the Senate.

Answer 2

Jefferson was finally chosen president by the House of Representatives.

Question 3

A direct consequence of the election of 1800 was the constitutional amendment stipulating

A) a single electoral college ballot in which the candidate with the most votes became president and the runner-up became vice president.
B) the organization of political parties.
C) separate electoral college ballots for president and vice-president.
D) qualifications of those who could vote for presidential electors.

Answer 3

separate electoral college ballots for president and vice-president.

Question 4

The most important achievement of the Federalist era was the

A) protection of freedom of speech.
B) establishment and implementation of the Constitution.
C) assertion of American rights aggressively against continuing British domination.
D) respect of the rights of immigrants.

Question 5

The most significant aspect of the election of 1800 was that

A) Jefferson gained an overwhelming vote in the Electoral College.
B) the Federalists defeated the Republicans so easily.
C) it was not a revolution.
D) Jefferson was elected by irregular, if not illegal, means.

Question 6

The politician who sought to preserve America as a nation of minimal government and small, independent farmers was

A) John Adams.
B) Alexander Hamilton.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) Henry Clay.

Question 7

One of the few points on which Jefferson agreed with Hamilton was the

A) need to commercialize the nation.
B) advantages of favoring the British in foreign policy.
C) ease with which propertyless city dwellers could be corrupted by demagogues.
D) necessity to restrict the power of government as much as possible.

Question 8

One of the main differences between Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton was that Hamilton

A) believed that city-dwellers were easily corrupted by demagogues.
B) was a Republican.
C) thought commercialization and centralization was best for the country.
D) opposed the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Question 9

In discussing the debate about whether Thomas Jefferson fathered a child with his slave, Sally Hemings, your text notes that

A) DNA evidence supports the contention that Thomas Jefferson was most likely the father of at least one of Sally Hemings's children.
B) most historians agree with Jefferson's biographer Dumas Malone that these accusations have no foundation.
C) Jefferson's significance as a statesman would be greatly diminished if this accusation were proven to be true.
D) DNA evidence disproves the contention that Thomas Jefferson was the father of at least one of Sally Hemings's children.

Question 10

The president known for his "pell-mell" style of plain dress and informal entertaining was

A) George Washington.
B) John Adams.
C) Thomas Jefferson.
D) James Madison.

Question 11

Thomas Jefferson was politically

A) non-partisan.
B) inept.
C) astute.
D) antagonistic.

Question 12

In his first inaugural address, Jefferson stressed his desire to

A) seek revenge on the Federalists for the Alien and Sedition Acts.
B) minimize the differences between Federalists and Republicans.
C) increase government spending to provide better services for citizens.
D) negotiate a mutual defense alliance with Great Britain.

Question 13

As president, Thomas Jefferson

A) appointed only Republicans to his Cabinet.
B) followed Washington's example of dignified pomp and ceremony.
C) escalated conflicts between himself and his opponents.
D) followed Washington's example of a non-partisan, balanced Cabinet.

Question 14

The purpose of the ________ was to maintain Federalist control of the judicial branch against Jeffersonianism.

A) Governmental Reorganization Act of 1799
B) Judiciary Act of 1801
C) Judicial Review Act of 1805
D) Federal Judiciary Act of 1789

Question 15

The Federalist Chief Justice who established the power of the Supreme Court to invalidate federal laws in Marbury v. Madison (1803) was

A) John Marshall.
B) Oliver Ellsworth.
C) Samuel Chase.
D) William Hubard.

Question 16

In Marbury v. Madison, Chief Justice John Marshall cleverly established the power of the Supreme Court to

A) issue writs ordering governmental officials to perform certain duties.
B) invalidate federal laws held to be in conflict with the Constitution.
C) remove governmental officials who refused to perform their duties.
D) award damages to governmental officials deprived of their jobs.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the case of Marbury v. Madison is NOT true?

A) Marshall found that by right Marbury should have his commission.
B) It established the concept of judicial review by declaring something unconstitutional for the first time.
C) It bolstered the concept of checks and balances by providing an executive branch "check" on judicial power.
D) It found that Congress did not have the power to authorize the Supreme Court to force Madison to give Marbury his commission.

Question 18

Republican attempts to impeach Federalist judges resulted in the

A) removal of twelve judges, largely on the grounds of political disagreements.
B) Supreme Court ruling that judges were not subject to impeachment.
C) failure to remove their main target, Supreme Court Justice Samuel Chase.
D) complete failure to remove any of the judges.

Question 19

During his first term, Jefferson fought a small naval war, attempting to resist the blackmail of the

A) Haitian pirates.
B) English.
C) French.
D) Barbary pirates.

Question 20

For Jefferson, one of the most important reasons for the Louisiana Purchase was that it

A) secured access to the mouth of the Mississippi River.
B) supported American claims to gold deposits in the Midwest.
C) opened new territory for the expansion of slavery.
D) provided land which could be used to back up the new paper money issued by the National Bank.

Question 21

Prior to the Louisiana Purchase, Napoleon launched an expedition against which former French colony, led by which black revolutionary?

A) Saint Domingue; Toussaint Louverture
B) Haiti; Maximilien Robespierre
C) Cuba; Jose Marti
D) Guadeloupe; Louis Delgres

Question 22

In the negotiations for what became the Louisiana Purchase, Jefferson originally commissioned Robert Livingston and James Monroe to purchase

A) everything west of the Mississippi River.
B) St. Louis and New Orleans.
C) New Orleans and Florida.
D) the rights to navigate the Mississippi River.

Question 23

The leader who abandoned his plans for an empire in the New World and sold Louisiana to the United States was

A) Louis XVI.
B) Juan Carlos I.
C) George III.
D) Napoleon.

Question 24

In the end, Jefferson justified the purchase of Louisiana by

A) reminding the country of the dangers presented by foreigners in North America.
B) appealing to the "manifest destiny" of the United States to expand westward to the Pacific.
C) amending the Constitution specifically to allow the addition of new territories.
D) bowing to "the good sense of the country" which seemed to demand the acquisition despite constitutional difficulties.

Question 25

The Louisiana Purchase furthered weakened the power of

A) Napoleon.
B) the Republicans.
C) the Federalists.
D) Thomas Jefferson.

Question 26

The die-hard Federalists who organized a scheme to break away from the Union and create a "northern confederacy" in 1804 were the

A) Federal Constitutionalists.
B) Essex Junto.
C) Hartford Convention.
D) War Hawks.

Question 27

The duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr resulted from

A) Hamilton's campaigning against Burr when he ran for governor of New York and then continuing to cast aspersions on Burr's character.
B) Burr's opposition to Hamilton's financial program.
C) Burr's refusal to withdraw from the election of 1800, which forced Hamilton to support Jefferson against his better judgment.
D) Burr's accusations that Hamilton had an affair with his wife.

Question 28

One of the purposes of the Lewis and Clark expedition was to

A) build military outposts to serve as trading centers with the Native American tribes.
B) bring Protestantism to the Native Americans.
C) drive the Spanish out of Oregon.
D) establish official relations with Native American tribes.

Question 29

The western expedition that explored the northwestern area of the Louisiana Purchase from 1804-1806 was led by

A) Zebulon Pike.
B) Stanley and Livingston.
C) Thomas Freeman.
D) Lewis and Clark.

Question 30

In addition to the Lewis and Clark expedition, Jefferson dispatched ________ to explore the upper Mississippi Valley and the Colorado region.

A) Zebulon Pike
B) Thomas Freeman
C) Francis Parkman
D) Daniel Boone

Question 31

The "Burr Conspiracy" was an unsuccessful attempt

A) to seize the presidency, which Aaron Burr thought was rightfully his.
B) by Burr to assassinate Alexander Hamilton.
C) to separate a part of the West from the United States.
D) by Hamilton to assassinate Aaron Burr.

Question 32

The Republican who caused Jefferson the most trouble by conspiring with General James Wilkinson and flirting with treason was

A) Thomas Pinckney.
B) Aaron Burr.
C) John Randolph.
D) Robert Livingston.

Question 33

In Aaron Burr's trial for treason,

A) Burr readily admitted his guilt.
B) Hamilton antagonized Burr so much that they fought a duel in which Hamilton was killed.
C) neither President Jefferson nor Chief Justice Marshall acted impartially.
D) Chief Justice Marshall displayed great impartiality in contrast to Jefferson's vindictive behavior toward Burr.

Question 34

The effect of the Berlin and Milan decrees by France and the Orders in Council by Great Britain was to

A) encourage trade with Great Britain and discourage trade with France.
B) stop all American trade with both countries.
C) promote American trade with both countries.
D) make trade more difficult for neutral nations.

Question 35

Between 1803 and 1806, the main effect upon America of the war between France and England was to

A) stimulate the economy dramatically, especially in re-exporting foreign products.
B) deepen domestic political divisions between the Republicans and the Federalists.
C) disrupt and almost destroy American foreign trade.
D) stimulate greatly increased defense spending in preparation for war.

Question 36

The British practice of forcibly removing British deserters from American ships was called

A) impressment.
B) dragoonment.
C) involuntary recruitment.
D) de-naturalization.

Question 37

How well did Jefferson handle the foreign policy crisis presented by the impressment controversy?

A) He was neither well-informed nor hardheaded.
B) He displayed his diplomatic mastery; it was one of his finest moments.
C) His handling of the foreign policy crisis went quite well at first until his initial success went to his head.
D) His initial bumbling attempts were rectified by Secretary of State James Madison.

Question 38

The episode which immediately prompted the Embargo Act was the

A) naval conflict between the Constitution and the Guerriere.
B) French blockade of major American ports.
C) British refusal to pay American tariffs.
D) attack on the Chesapeake by the Leopard.

Question 39

Under ________, exports were totally prohibited and only foreign vessels were allowed to import goods to America.

A) the Non-Intercourse Act
B) the Embargo Act
C) Macon's Bill Number Two
D) the Berlin and Milan Decrees

Question 40

The Embargo Act of 1807

A) won public acclaim for Jefferson because "he kept us out of war."
B) was resented and resisted by large numbers of Americans.
C) easily accomplished its purpose.
D) was not supported initially by many Americans, but they eventually saw the wisdom of Jefferson's policy.

Question 41

How does the text evaluate the Embargo Act of 1807?

A) It was certainly a mistake.
B) It showed that Jefferson sometimes chose practical results over moral principles.
C) Strong Federalist support ensured its success.
D) Even though it was unpopular, Jefferson had no other feasible options.

Question 42

Congress repealed ________ in 1809 because it harmed American commerce rather than that of the British and French.

A) the Non-Intercourse Act
B) the Milan Decree
C) the Embargo Act
D) Macon's Bill No. 2

Question 43

According to the _____________, trade with Great Britain and France was forbidden and could only resume by presidential proclamation when either power ceased violating the rights of Americans.

A) Non-Intercourse Act
B) Embargo Act
C) Berlin Decree
D) Milan Decree

Question 44

Thomas Jefferson "prepared the country for democracy" by

A) demonstrating that there was almost no difference between the parties.
B) introducing legislation to abolish slavery.
C) encouraging poor white males to vote.
D) proving that a democrat could establish and maintain a stable regime.

Question 45

How successful was Jefferson as president by 1805?

A) He seemed to have led his fellow Americans into a golden age.
B) He was very successful in all areas except domestic policy.
C) He had one of the most disastrous first terms ever completed by a president who was re-elected.
D) He was very successful in all areas except foreign policy.

Question 46

In the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr received an equal number of electoral votes.

Question 47

When he became president, Jefferson abolished Hamilton's financial system.

Question 48

As a result of Jefferson's war against the Barbary pirates, the pirates were forced to end their demands for annual protection payments from American ships.

Question 49

France signed a secret treaty with Spain (immediately after settling its difficulties with the U.S. through the Convention of 1800) which returned Louisiana to France.

Question 50

Most of the early opposition to the Louisiana Purchase came from Federalists who opposed it because they claimed it undermined the Constitution.

Question 51

In Aaron Burr's trial for treason, Chief Justice Marshall insisted that treason need not include overt acts.

Question 52

During the conflict between Napoleon and the British, the British fleet under Admiral Nelson smashed the combined fleets of France and Spain in the Battle of Austerlitz.

Question 53

Napoleon attempted to establish a naval blockade around England with the Berlin and Milan decrees.

Question 54

British impressment policy was resented by Americans because, by British law, naturalized American citizens were still British subjects and could be impressed.

Question 55

One factor in explaining Jefferson's success in his first term was his marvelous talent as a writer.

Question 56

Explain why the election of 1800 is sometimes described as a "revolution." Why was it important that it most certainly was not a revolution? Describe the transition from the Federalists to the Republicans.

Question 57

Summarize the ideas and values of Jeffersonian democracy. Evaluate to what extent Jefferson's actions as president were both consistent and inconsistent with those values.

Question 58

Summarize how Jefferson was caught between the French and British governments during his second term. Evaluate how he responded to these dilemmas.