Deck 10: Information Systems Analysis and Design

Question 1

As illustrated in the accompanying figure,a neural network is a software tool containing an inference engine and a user interface that developers use to enter facts and rules for the knowledge base.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

During the implementation phase of the SDLC,both new software and new hardware may be purchased to construct the new information system.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

In the accompanying figure,the Student item represents a data store.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A semi-structured problem is more routine than a structured problem.

Question 5

Many projects fail because of constant,unmanaged demand for changes,a phenomenon often referred to as feature creep.

Question 6

The cutover phase of the SDLC involves the day-to-day operation of the system,making modifications to improve performance and correcting problems.

Question 7

In the SDLC,the goal of the activities in the planning phase is to create a list of requirements for the new or revised information system.

Question 8

In the accompanying figure,the Enroll student item represents an external entity.

Question 9

MRP is an ongoing,iterative process that helps businesses rethink and radically redesign practices to improve performance.

Question 10

Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required.

Question 11

A small business might require several information systems to be integrated into an enterprise information system to support a variety of business activities.

Question 12

The maintenance phase of the SDLC is the least expensive part of the cycle.

Question 13

An information system must support the needs of people who engage in many different organizational activities.

Question 14

Direct conversion avoids some of the risk of parallel conversion because the old system remains in service while some or all of the new system is activated.

Question 15

A DSS can be used to tackle diverse problems because it contains a good selection of decision support tools.

Question 16

Most information systems rely on computers and communications networks to store,process,and transmit information with far more efficiency than would be possible with manual systems.

Question 17

After unit and integration testing are completed,system testing is used to ensure that all hardware and software components work together correctly.

Question 18

The accompanying figure represents the basic flow of information in an expert system and summarizes its capabilities.

Question 19

A batch system uses a commit or rollback strategy to ensure each transaction is processed correctly.

Question 20

The SDLC provides a general outline of how an information system evolves.

Question 21

In a system like the one shown in the accompanying figure,a technique called (Boolean) logic can be used to deal with imprecise data by asking for a level of confidence._________________________

Question 22

A(n) (enterprise) information system supports a variety of large business activities such as inventory management,point-of-sale cash registers,e-commerce,payroll,and managerial planning._________________________

Question 23

Data collected by a transaction processing system (TPS)can be used by a(n) (DSS (Decision Support System))to create reports that managers can use to make routine business decisions in response to structured problems._________________________

Question 24

In the accompanying figure,the arrow symbolizes a (data flow)._________________________

Question 25

The excerpt from an application specification shown in the accompanying figure describes in detail how the information system's (software) should process a particular task involving inventory data._________________________

Question 26

Despite new tools and the data they provide,many semi-structured and (structured) problems continue to be resolved based on "guesstimates." _________________________

Question 27

Every organization has a goal or plan that is often referred to as its ____.

A) Web site
B) mission
C) master directive
D) organizing principle

Question 28

In the accompanying figure,the (third) item in the series is an example of a process._________________________

Question 29

A(n)____ is a group of people working together to accomplish a goal.

A) business
B) mission
C) organization
D) aggregate

Question 30

(Planning) management software helps managers track and visualize the complex interactions between tasks._________________________

Question 31

The purpose of ____ planning is to set incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less.

A) tactical
B) strategic
C) operational
D) futuristic

Question 32

(Nonprofit) organizations are formed to accomplish social,political,or charitable goals that do not include amassing profit._________________________

Question 33

(OLTP) uses a commit or rollback strategy to ensure that each transaction is processed correctly._________________________

Question 34

A(n)____ depicts the hierarchy of employees in a typical organization.

A) mission statement
B) strategy table
C) roster
D) organizational chart

Question 35

A computer system like that shown in the accompanying figure is designed to analyze data and produce a recommendation,diagnosis,or decision based on a set of (facts and rules)._________________________

Question 36

In the design phase of the SDLC,the project team must figure out (why) the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report._________________________

Question 37

Most modern transaction processing systems use (batch) processing,which is an interactive method in which each transaction is processed as it is entered._________________________

Question 38

(Tactical) planning emphasizes long-range and future goals._________________________

Question 39

An information system progresses through several phases as it is developed,used,and finally retired;these phases encompass the (HPC)._________________________

Question 40

____ are the people who directly carry out an organization's mission by,for example,assembling products,selling merchandise,or answering phones.

A) Managers
B) CEOs
C) Workers
D) Associates

Question 41

Some information systems store or provide access to ____ generated by sources outside the organization.

A) external information
B) online information
C) internal information
D) real-time information

Question 42

A ____ is a numerical representation of a realistic situation,such as a cash-flow model of a business that shows how income adds to cash accounts and expenses deplete those accounts.

A) decision master
B) decision matrix
C) decision model
D) decision index

Question 43

A(n)____ report is a customized report,generated to supply specific information not available in scheduled reports.

A) additional
B) exception
C) ad hoc
D) detailed

Question 44

A systems analyst is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A) analyzing information requirements
B) supervising the implementation of new information systems
C) creating a development methodology
D) creating specifications for application software

Question 45

A(n)____ report combines,groups,or totals data.

A) exception
B) aggregate
C) ad hoc
D) summary

Question 46

A ____ is a question or set of instructions describing data that must be gathered to make a decision.

A) decision model
B) decision query
C) decision scale
D) decision request

Question 47

A(n)____ helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data,analyzing data from external sources,generating statistical projections,and creating data models of various scenarios.

A) DSS
B) BPR
C) TPS
D) MIS

Question 48

A Project Development Plan includes all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A) description of project scope
B) justification for the project
C) performance reviews of all project team participants
D) schedule for the project

Question 49

As a buyer for a local dress store,you are responsible for choosing next season's stock.Today you decided to include a selection of Asian-inspired dresses in your fall line based upon fashion trends and your own intuition.You handled a(n)____ problem.

A) structured
B) schedule
C) unstructured
D) semi-structured

Question 50

Which of the following best describes the process referred to as tactical planning: ____.

A) Setting incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less.
B) Identifying incremental goals that can be achieved in a year or less.
C) Completing activities that make day-to-day systems run smoothly.
D) Planning an organization's long-range goals for market share.

Question 51

The ____ technique is based on the idea that the best information systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together as equal partners.

A) MRP
B) EID
C) RFP
D) JAD

Question 52

Ad hoc reports are sometimes referred to as ____ reports.

A) summary
B) exception
C) scheduled
D) demand

Question 53

A system like the one shown in the accompanying figure is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A) its ability to replicate the reasoning of a human expert
B) its ability to generate its own programs
C) its ability to work with external and internal data
D) its ability to produce a recommendation or decision

Question 54

A DSS typically includes modeling tools to help managers create a numerical representation of a situation and explore "what-if" alternatives.A(n)____ is an example of this type of tool.

A) spreadsheet
B) database
C) expert system
D) Web site

Question 55

____ systems use a commit or rollback strategy to ensure that each transaction is processed correctly.

A) TQM
B) ERP
C) OLTP
D) JIT

Question 56

You are reviewing a cash-flow model of your business,which is designed to provide a numerical representation of a realistic situation.You are using ____ tool.

A) an MIS table
B) a decision query
C) a decision model
D) a neural network

Question 57

As a low-level manager at your company,you are responsible for activities that make the day-to-day operation of the business run smoothly,like ordering office supplies and creating work schedules.This is called ____.

A) operational planning
B) tactical planning
C) strategic planning
D) analysis

Question 58

A system like the one shown in the accompanying figure is characterized by its ability to ____.

A) list transactions
B) produce routine reports
C) replicate the reasoning of a human expert
D) provide information for structured,routine decisions

Question 59

As a manager,you are responsible for managing inventory.Every month you receive a low inventory report that lists stock items that have fallen below a minimum reorder point.This report is a type of ____.

A) executive report
B) ad hoc report
C) summary report
D) exception report

Question 60

In an expert system,a(n)____ engine analyzes the available data by following the rules in its knowledge base.

A) inference
B) difference
C) reference
D) expert

Question 61

The goal of the ____ of the SDLC is to produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system.

A) planning phase
B) analysis phase
C) design phase
D) implementation phase

Question 62

With ____,processing tasks are shared by servers and workstations.

A) automated processing
B) turnkey processing
C) amortized processing
D) distributed processing

Question 63

In the accompanying figure,the ____ item represents a filing cabinet,disk,or tape that holds data.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Question 64

A ____ breaks a complex task into a series of subtasks.

A) work breakdown structure (WBS)
B) PERT diagram
C) legend
D) Gantt chart

Question 65

When reviewing a vendor's RFP you should consider ____.

A) the vendor's reliability
B) the vendor's expertise
C) the vendor's financial stability
D) all of the above

Question 66

In the design phase of the SDLC,the project team ____.

A) chooses a solution
B) selects hardware and software
C) designs detailed application specifications
D) all of the above

Question 67

A ____ uses bars to show the timing of development tasks as they occur over time.

A) progress chart
B) Gantt chart
C) WBS chart
D) PERT chart

Question 68

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to turnkey systems?

A) They require maximum effort to select and set up equipment and software.
B) They require time and expertise to evaluate.
C) They require more time than programming languages.
D) They can be exactly tailored to meet system requirements.

Question 69

____ elements are arranged to show which tasks must be completed before subsequent dependent tasks can begin.

A) PERT chart
B) WBS chart
C) Gantt chart
D) Beta chart

Question 70

A(n)____ is a request for a formal price quotation on a list of hardware and software.

A) RFP
B) BDG
C) RFQ
D) SDLC

Question 71

In terms of software,____ serve as a blueprint for the new system.

A) hardware requirements
B) custom software
C) turnkey systems
D) application specifications

Question 72

____ is a method for analyzing the time needed to complete each project task and identifying the minimum amount of time needed to complete the total project.

A) Just in Time (JIT)
B) Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
C) Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)
D) Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP)

Question 73

A(n)____ is issued by a project team when it wants vendors to recommend hardware and software for the solution they have chosen.

A) RFP
B) RFQ
C) RFD
D) RFT

Question 74

The accompanying figure shows an excerpt from a project team's ____.

A) application mapping
B) application specifications
C) application index
D) application glossary

Question 75

A project team submits an RFQ to vendors when it knows all of the following EXCEPT ____.

A) make of the equipment needed
B) model of the equipment needed
C) titles of the software packages needed
D) price of the software needed

Question 76

In the PIECES framework,a ____ exists when an information system does not respond quickly enough to users or takes too long to complete processing tasks.

A) response problem
B) processing problem
C) control problem
D) performance problem

Question 77

In the ____ of the SDLC,the project team must decide how the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the System Requirements Report.

A) design phase
B) planning phase
C) analysis phase
D) implementation phase

Question 78

In a JAD ____,users and analysts jointly identify problems and look for solutions.

A) session
B) group
C) mission
D) department

Question 79

A ____ processing model is one in which data is processed on a centrally located computer.

A) fundamental
B) distributed
C) main
D) centralized

Question 80

In the planning phase of the SDLC,a(n)____ is assigned to analyze and develop the information system.

A) RFP team
B) project team
C) mission team
D) beta team