Deck 2: Understanding the Growth and Development of Children

Question 1

Although each child's timing is unique, children do follow a general growth pattern.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Growth patterns are generally controlled by genetics.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Children exercising at a certain workload perceive the activity to be more intense than do adults working at a similar level.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The endomorph is identified as being extremely thin, with a minimum of muscle development, and is characterized as "skinny."

Question 5

Overweight children are less proficient at performing motor skills.

Question 6

Children whose chronological age is beyond their skeletal age are said to be early (or fast) maturers.

Question 7

Effective physical education programs offer activities that are developmentally appropriate and suited to students' maturity levels.

Question 8

Children appear to adjust to heat more quickly than adults.

Question 9

In the elementary school years, muscular strength increases linearly with chronological age.

Question 10

There is no difference in lower body strength between boys and girls when height is adjusted.

Question 11

Interval training is a particularly effective training method to use with children when rest bouts after aerobic activities include stretching and nonlocomotor movements.

Question 12

Offering a wide spectrum of developmentally appropriate activities helps ensure that youngsters will be successful regardless of their maturity.

Question 13

Because the rate of growth slows during the elementary school years, this is an excellent window of time for learning motor skills.

Question 14

A child's somatotype affects the quality of his or her motor performance.

Question 15

The overweight child is generally at an advantage in all phases of physical performance.

Question 16

The rate of ossification gives an accurate indication of a child's rate of maturation.

Question 17

Maximal aerobic power is an individual's maximum ability to use oxygen in the body for metabolic purposes.

Question 18

Youngsters demonstrate a slow recovery rate after strenuous exercise.

Question 19

The increased rate of childhood obesity especially in girls, has led to the earlier onset of puberty.

Question 20

Short legs in relation to K-2 students' upper bodies makes them "bottom heavy."

Question 21

Motor development for boys and girls is the same.

Question 22

Most individuals have a 40-60 split between fast and slow twitch muscle fiber.

Question 23

High levels of strength in relation to body size help predict which students are most capable of performing motor skills.

Question 24

Children are economical in running and walking.

Question 25

Physical educators should never offer advice to parents and community leaders regarding sport activity programs.

Question 26

Dropping out of physical education usually occurs in middle and high school.

Question 27

Children who start playing competitive sports at a young age will never tire of playing.

Question 28

Lack of efficient movement causes youngsters to generate more metabolic heat than adults.

Question 29

Children do not have the capacity to cool their body the way adults can.

Question 30

The PACER is a recommended alternative to the mile run.

Question 31

Genetics determines:

A) the number of muscle fibers an individual possesses.
B) the type of muscle fibers an individual possesses.
C) the size of the muscles.
D) the weight of the muscles.

Question 32

Elementary age children who do best in activities requiring slow twitch fibers also do best in:

A) balance.
B) flexibility.
C) distance running.
D) flexed-arm hang.

Question 33

Overweight children find strength related tasks difficult because :

A) of the relationship of their body size to weight.
B) they are weaker than normal-weight children.
C) they are not as skilled as normal-weight children.
D) they do not possesses the right slow twitch muscle fibers.

Question 34

All of the following are reasons children should be allowed to play all positions during youth sports EXCEPT:

A) maturity plays an important role in how youngsters learn motor skills.
B) children should receive similar amounts of practice time.
C) "the rich get richer, and the poor get poorer."
D) it keeps the focus on winning.

Question 35

Perceived competence:

A) changes with age.
B) is how people feel about their ability level.
C) begins developing in the womb.
D) begins developing during adolescence.

Question 36

Children consider which of the following to be the most important reasons for playing youth sports?

A) Winning and improving their skills.
B) Having fun and hearing their parents yell during competitions.
C) Having fun and improving their skills.
D) Winning and having fun.

Question 37

In a typical classroom of youngsters, the variation in skeletal maturity is:

A) 1-2 years.
B) 3-4 years.
C) 5-6 years.
D) 7-8 years.

Question 38

During the elementary years, boys are generally:

A) taller and lighter.
B) taller and heavier.
C) shorter and heavier.
D) shorter and lighter.

Question 39

The mesomorphic child is characterized:

A) as soft and round.
B) by predominance of muscle and bone.
C) as thin with little muscle.
D) as large with little muscle.

Question 40

The most rapid period of growth in children occurs from:

A) birth to 5 years of age.
B) 5 to 10 years of age.
C) 10 to 15 years of age.
D) adolescence to adulthood.

Question 41

The best criterion to use in determining exercise workloads for children is:

A) number of laps.
B) the distance covered during a run.
C) time.
D) number of repetitions.

Question 42

Children who feel incompetent in performing physical skills will usually:

A) have a positive opinion about physical activity.
B) drop out of physical education when possible.
C) work harder than other children.
D) perform poorly on motor skills tests.

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a reason to take caution when exercising youngsters in hot weather?

A) Children produce more metabolic heat per unit mass than adults.
B) Sweating capacity is not as great in children as in adults.
C) Children have a higher cardiac output at a given oxygen rate.
D) Children have a higher cardiac output at a given oxygen rate

Question 44

Boys have an advantage in activities requiring:

A) arm and trunk strength.
B) leg strength.
C) specialized skills.
D) cognitive skills.

Question 45

Overweight children who exercise:

A) have lower maximal uptake values than those of lean children.
B) require a higher oxygen uptake capacity to perform a given task.
C) do not work as hard as normal-weight children.
D) often perform physical activities on a par with leaner children.

Question 46

It is recommended that children be tested for fitness:

A) at the beginning of the school year.
B) at the end of the school year.
C) in the middle of the school year.
D) never.

Question 47

Activity workloads should be based on:

A) distance.
B) number of repetitions.
C) time.
D) skill level.

Question 48

In preadolescent children, it appears that strength gains occur from the development of more efficient motor patterns and:

A) intense training.
B) the increase in muscle size.
C) the recruitment of more muscle fibers.
D) muscle hypertrophy.

Question 49

A safe exercise program for children should be based on opportunities to participate in recreational activity and:

A) moderate exercise.
B) sporadic exercise.
C) strenuous exercise.
D) seasonal exercise.

Question 50

Which body type is identified as being extremely thin, with a minimum of muscle development?

A) the somatotype
B) the ectomorph
C) the endomorph
D) the mesomorph

Question 51

How many minutes before strenuous activity should a child be hydrated?

A) 5-10 minutes
B) 15-20 minutes
C) 20-30 minutes
D) 30-40 minutes

Question 52

Why must teachers understand that maturity plays an important role in dictating how youngsters learn motor skills?

Question 53

Why should overweight students' workloads be based upon time rather than distance?