Deck 27: Drug Therapy for Geriatric Patients

Question 1

Elderly individuals may be more susceptible to infections and malignancies due to decreased:

A) erythropoietin
B) interferon
C) insomnia
D) immunity

Answer 1

immunity

Question 2

Renal function declines progressively starting in which of the following decades?

A) fourth
B) fifth
C) sixth
D) seventh

Answer 2

fifth

Question 3

In postmenopausal women, which of the following hormonal reduction concentrations have been linked to increased incidence of osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease?

A) estrogen
B) progesterone
C) prolactin
D) growth hormone

Answer 3

estrogen

Question 4

Elderly persons may have an increased risk of local adverse drug reactions, including:

A) glossitis
B) stomatitis
C) otitis media
D) A and B

Question 5

Gastric emptying is about 2.5 times faster in younger persons than in older persons, perhaps because it is under the control of which of the following body systems?

A) endocrine
B) central nervous
C) peripheral nervous
D) digestive

Question 6

The greatest loss of nerve cells in elderly patients appears to take place in which of the following parts of the brain?

A) temporal
B) occipital
C) frontal
D) all of the above

Question 7

Which of the following are the predominant cells found in the dermis?

A) fibroblasts
B) mast cells
C) macrophages
D) all of the above

Question 8

Which of the following is associated with the most common cause of death in elderly people in the United States?

A) drug overdose
B) ischemic heart disease
C) accidents
D) malignancy

Question 9

Which of the following pain relievers are used intravenously?

A) opiates
B) anticonvulsants
C) nitrates
D) A and C

Question 10

The most significant unmodifiable risk factor for stroke is:

A) diet with high fat
B) being overweight
C) advanced age
D) advanced chronic arthritis

Question 11

Which of the following is the most common chronic ailment in elderly persons?

A) presbyopia
B) arthritis
C) glaucoma
D) osteoporosis

Question 12

Vitamin A deficiency, chemical burn, and radiation therapy may cause which of the following ophthalmic disorders in elderly persons?

A) presbyopia
B) glaucoma
C) xanthosis
D) xerosis

Question 13

Drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis must be monitored vigilantly in elderly patients because of the increased risk of:

A) cardiovascular disorders
B) central nervous system conditions
C) gastrointestinal diseases
D) all of the above

Question 14

Osteoporosis often affects older people. It is a major risk factor of fractures in which of the following bones?

A) vertebral
B) skull
C) wrist
D) foot

Question 15

Which of the following factors may cause cataracts in elderly persons?

A) elevation of intraocular pressure
B) diet
C) damage to the optic nerve
D) none of the above

Question 16

The toxic effects of which of the following agents are particularly dangerous in elderly patients?

A) herbal supplements
B) cardiac glycosides
C) antiemetics
D) antifungal drugs

Question 17

Which of the following is the most important route for the elimination of the majority of drugs in elderly patients?

A) lungs
B) salivary glands
C) kidneys
D) liver and bile

Question 18

The second-most common group of drugs prescribed for the elderly are:

A) sedatives and hypnotics
B) narcotic analgesics
C) antimicrobial drugs
D) gastrointestinal drugs

Question 19

Because of the way that respiratory function changes as we age, geriatric patients are often more sensitive to the respiratory effects of which of the following drugs?

A) anticholinergics
B) antipsychotics
C) narcotic analgesics
D) all of the above

Question 20

Which of the following drugs is useful for nausea caused by gastric distention?

A) meperidine
B) metoclopramide
C) phenylbutazone
D) propranolol

Question 21

Glaucoma is the ____________________ leading cause of blindness in the world.

Question 22

The two most common forms of arthritis in elderly persons are ____________________ and ____________________.

Question 23

There are two important pharmacokinetic factors that occur with aging: a change in the volume of ____________________, and a decrease in the concentration of serum ____________________.

Question 24

Intravenous nitrates in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction are used to reduce ____________________ requirements.

Question 25

As men age, testosterone levels decrease, sperm production slows, and sexual activity is ____________________.

Question 26

The number of melanocytes and the amount of protective melanin pigment ____________________ with age.

Question 27

The glomerular filtration rate in elderly people declines by about ____________________ mL / min per year.

Question 28

Drug metabolism is often impaired in the elderly because of a decrease in the ____________________ rate, as well as reduced hepatic clearance.

Question 29

Menopause clearly is related to an increase in ____________________ and atherosclerosis.

Question 30

Differences in the plasma levels of a drug achieved with a given dose of that drug are referred to as ____________________.

Question 31

A strong, fibrous protein found in connective tissue is called __________.

Question 32

Rates of absorption and metabolism in elderly people are __________.

Question 33

Elderly individuals may be more susceptible to infections and malignancies due to decreased __________.

Question 34

Drug __________ is often impaired in the elderly because of a decrease in the glomerular filtration rate.

Question 35

The diameters of the trachea and central airways in the elderly __________, and anatomic dead space become become enlarged.

Question 36

The liver is the organ __________ affected by primary age changes, and a small part of the liver can perform the functions of the entire liver.

Question 37

The term "hard of hearing" may relate more to __________-__________ hearing loss than an overall decline in hearing perception.

Question 38

Dry eye syndrome in elderly persons is called __________.

Question 39

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of __________ in the world.

Question 40

The total liver blood flow declines significantly with aging because of a reduction of cardiac __________.

Question 41

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Diabinese

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 42

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Xanax

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 43

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Flexeril

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 44

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Benadryl

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 45

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Donnatal

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 46

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Macrodantin

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 47

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Demerol

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 48

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Catapres

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 49

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Afrin

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 50

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Haldol

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 51

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Norpace

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic

Question 52

Match the drug classifications with the trade names.

-Tigan

A) decongestant
B) analgesic
C) antiarrhythmic
D) antipsychotic
E) antiemetic
F) Antihypertensive
G) anti-infective
H) antihistamine
I) antispasmodic
J) muscle relaxant
K) oral hypoglycemic
L) sedative-hypnotic