Deck 16: Acids and Bases, a Molecular Look

Question 1

The conjugate acid of HPO₄^2- is

A)H₂PO₄.
B)H₃PO₄.
C)PO₄^3-.
D)PO₄^2-.
E)H₂PO₄^-.

Answer 1

H₂PO₄^-.

Question 2

The conjugate base of HPO₄^2- is

A)H₂PO₄.
B)H₃PO₄.
C)PO₄^3-.
D)PO₄^2-.
E)H₂PO₄^-.

Answer 2

PO₄^3-.

Question 3

The conjugate base of H₂SO₄ is

A)SO₄^2-.
B)H₃O⁺.
C)OH^-.
D)HSO₄^-.
E)H₂SO₃.

Answer 3

HSO₄^-.

Question 4

The conjugate base of H₂AsO₄^- is

A)H₂AsO₄
B)H₃AsO₄
C)HAsO₄^-
D)HAsO₄^2-.
E)AsO₄^3-.

Question 5

The conjugate acid of H₂AsO₄^- is

A)H₂AsO₄
B)H₃AsO₄
C)HAsO₄^-
D)HAsO₄^2-
E)AsO₄^3-

Question 6

Which species is amphiprotic?

A)PO₄^3-(aq)
B)HCl(g)
C)HSO₄^-(aq)
D)Cl^-(aq)
E)CO₃^2-(aq)

Question 7

Which species is amphoteric?

A)HNO₃(aq)
B)Cl^-(g)
C)CO₃^2-(aq)
D)HSO₃^-(aq)
E)PO₄^3-(aq)

Question 8

Which species is amphiprotic?

A)AsO₄^3-(aq)
B)HBr(aq)
C)HF(aq)
D)SO₄^2-(aq)
E)HCO₃^-(aq)

Question 9

Which species does not have a conjugate base?

A)H₂O
B)H₃O⁺
C)NH₄⁺
D)HCO₃^-
E)F^-

Question 10

Which species does not have a conjugate acid?

A)HCO₂
B)H₂O
C)HCl
D)OH^-
E)NH₂^-

Question 11

Which species has a conjugate base?

A)Cl^-
B)SO₄^2-
C)CN^-
D)OH^-
E)CO₃^2-

Question 12

In the reaction, HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ClO₃^- + N₂H₅⁺, which species are a conjugate acid-base pair?

A)HClO₃, N₂H₄
B)N₂H₄, ClO₃^-
C)HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺
D)N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺
E)ClO₃^-, N₂H₅⁺

Question 13

In the reaction, HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ClO₃^- + N₂H₅⁺, which two species are acids?

A)HClO₃, N₂H₄
B)HClO₃, ClO₃^-
C)HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺
D)N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺
E)ClO₃^-, N₂H₅⁺

Question 14

In the reaction, HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ClO₃^- + N₂H₅⁺, which two species are bases?

A)HClO₃, N₂H₄
B)HClO₃, ClO₃^-
C)HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺
D)N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺
E)ClO₃^-, N₂H₄

Question 15

In the reaction, H₂PO₄^- + HAsO₄^2- HPO₄^2- + H₂AsO₄^-, which species are a conjugate acid-base pair?

A)H₂PO₄^-, HAsO₄^2-
B)H₂PO₄^-, H₂AsO₄^-
C)H₂PO₄^-, HPO₄^2-
D)HAsO₄^2-, HPO₄^2-
E)HPO₄^2-, H₂AsO₄^-

Question 16

In the reaction, H₂PO₄^- + HAsO₄^2- HPO₄^2- + H₂AsO₄^-, which two species are acids?

A)H₂PO₄^-, HAsO₄^2-
B)H₂PO₄^-, H₂AsO₄^-
C)H₂PO₄^-, HPO₄^2-
D)HAsO₄^2-, HPO₄^2-
E)HPO₄^2-, H₂AsO₄^-

Question 17

In the reaction, H₂PO₄^- + HAsO₄^2- HPO₄^2- + H₂AsO₄^-, which two species are bases?

A)H₂PO₄^-, HAsO₄^2-
B)H₂PO₄^-, H₂AsO₄^-
C)H₂PO₄^-, HPO₄^2-
D)HAsO₄^2-, HPO₄^2-
E)HPO₄^2-, H₂AsO₄^-

Question 18

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + HS^- H₂S + SO₄^2-, which species are a conjugate acid-base pair?

A)HSO₄^-, HS^-
B)HSO₄^-, H₂S
C)HS^-, H₂S
D)HS^-, SO₄^2-
E)H₂S, SO₄^2-

Question 19

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + HS^- H₂S + SO₄^2-, which two species are acids?

A)HSO₄^-, HS^-
B)HSO₄^-, H₂S
C)HS^-, H₂S
D)HS^-, SO₄^2-
E)H₂S, SO₄^2-

Question 20

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + HS^- H₂S + SO₄^2-, which two species are bases?

A)HSO₄^-, HS^--
B)HSO₄^-, H₂S
C)HS^-, H₂S
D)HS^-, SO₄^2-
E)H₂S, SO₄^2-

Question 21

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + CN^- HCN + SO₄^2-, which species are a conjugate acid-base pair?

A)HSO₄^-, CN^-
B)CN^-, HCN
C)CN^-, SO₄^2-
D)HCN, SO₄^2-
E)HCN, HSO₄^-

Question 22

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + CN^- HCN + SO₄^2-, which two species are acids?

A)HSO₄^-, CN^-
B)HSO₄^-, HCN
C)CN^-, HCN
D)CN^-, SO₄^2-
E)SO₄^2-, HCN

Question 23

In the reaction, HSO₄^- + CN^- HCN + SO₄^2-, which two species are both bases?

A)HSO₄^-, CN^-
B)HSO₄^-, HCN
C)SO₄^2-, HCN
D)CN^-, HCN
E)CN^-, SO₄^2-

Question 24

For the system NH₂OH + CH₃NH₃⁺ CH₃NH₂ + NH₃OH⁺ the position of the equilibrium lies to the left. Which is the strongest acid in the system?

A)NH₂OH
B)CH₃NH₃⁺
C)CH₃NH₂
D)NH₃OH⁺
E)NH₂OH and CH₃NH₃⁺ are equal in acid strength, and are the strongest acids in the system.

Question 25

For the system HC₆H₅O + C₄H₇O₂^- C₆H₅O^- + HC₄H₇O₂ the position of the equilibrium lies to the left. Which is the strongest acid in the system?

A)HC₆H₅O
B)C₄H₇O₂^-
C)C₆H₅O^-
D)HC₄H₇O₂
E)HC₄H₇O₂ and C₄H₇O₂^- are equal in acid strength, and are the strongest acids in the system

Question 26

For the system NH₂OH + CH₃NH₃⁺ CH₃NH₂ + NH₃OH⁺ the position of the equilibrium lies to the left. Which is the weakest base in the system?

A)NH₂OH
B)CH₃NH₃⁺
C)CH₃NH₂
D)NH₃OH⁺
E)CH₃NH₂ and NH₃OH⁺ are equal in base strength and are the weakest bases in the system

Question 27

For the system HC₆H₅O + C₄H₇O₂^- C₆H₅O^- + HC₄H₇O₂ the position of the equilibrium lies to the left. Which is the strongest base in the system?

A)HC₆H₅O
B)C₄H₇O₂^-
C)C₆H₅O^-
D)HC₄H₇O₂
E)HC₄H₇O₂ and C₄H₇O₂^- are equal in acid strength, and are the strongest acids in the system

Question 28

Given the following substances, listed in order of increasing acid strength,HOCl(aq)< HC₂H₃O₂(aq)< HC₂O₄^-(aq)< HOCN(aq)< HNO₂(aq)< HCl(aq)Which species listed below is the strongest base?

A)Cl^-(aq)
B)OCl^-(aq)
C)H₂C₂O₄(aq)
D)NO₂^-(aq)
E)OCN^-(aq)

Question 29

Given the following substances, listed in order of increasing acid strength,HOCl(aq)< HC₂H₃O₂(aq)< HC₂O₄^-(aq)< HOCN(aq)< HNO₂(aq)< HCl(aq)Which species listed below is the weakest base?

A)C₂H₃O₂^-(aq)
B)OCl^-(aq)
C)H₂C₂O₄(aq)
D)Cl^-(aq)
E)OCN^-(aq)

Question 30

Given the following substances, listed in order of increasing acid strength,HOCl(aq)< HC₂H₃O₂(aq)< HC₂O₄^-(aq)< HOCN(aq)< HNO₂(aq)< HCl(aq)Which species listed below is the strongest base?

A)Cl^-(aq)
B)HOCl(aq)
C)C₂O₄^2-(aq)
D)NO₂^-(aq)
E)OCN^-(aq)

Question 31

Given the following substances in order of increasing acid strength,HOCl(aq)< HC₂H₃O₂(aq)< HC₂O₄^-(aq)< HOCN(aq)< HNO₂(aq)< HCl(aq)Which species listed below is the weakest base of that set?

A)C₂H₃O₂^-(aq)
B)OCl^-(aq)
C)HC₂O₄^-(aq)
D)HNO₂(aq)
E)OCN^-(aq)

Question 32

Given that X is the same atom for each of the following, which is the strongest oxyacid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 33

Given that X is the same atom for each of the following, which is the strongest oxyacid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 34

Given that X is the same atom for each of the following, which is the weakest oxoacid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 35

Given that X is the same atom for each of the following, which is the strongest oxoacid?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 36

Which species would be expected to be the most acidic?

A)HClO
B)HClO₂
C)HClO₃
D)HClO₄
E)Cl^-

Question 37

Which species is the weakest acid?

A)HBr
B)HCl
C)HF
D)HI
E)H₂Se

Question 38

Which species is the strongest organic acid?

A)CCl₃-COOH
B)CH₃-COOH
C)CH₂Cl-COOH
D)CBr₃-COOH
E)CBrCl₂-COOH

Question 39

For the reaction, CO₂ + H₂O H₂CO₃, which of the following statements is incorrect?

A)CO₂ is a Brønsted-Lowry acid and H₂O is a Brønsted-Lowry base.
B)H₂CO₃ forms a coordinate covalent bond by a Lewis acid-base reaction.
C)CO₂ is a Lewis acid and H₂O is a Lewis base.
D)The lone pairs in the H₂O molecule are used to form a new bond with the carbon in the CO₂ molecule.
E)Both A and D

Question 40

NH₃ can react with BF₃, forming NH₃-BF₃. In this reaction,

A)the NH₃ is a Brønsted-Lowry base, accepting a proton from the BF₃ molecule.
B)the NH₃ is a Lewis base, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
C)the NH₃ is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
D)the BF₃ molecule is a Lewis acid, accepting an electron pair from the NH₃ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.
E)the BF₃ molecule is a Lewis base, donating an electron pair to the NH₃ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.

Question 41

SO₂ can react with OH^-, forming HSO₃^-. In this reaction,

A)the SO₂ is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, accepting a proton from the OH^- ion.
B)the SO₂ is a Lewis acid, accepting a proton from the OH^- ion.
C)the OH^- ion is a Brønsted-Lowry base, donating a proton to the SO₂ molecule.
D)the OH^- ion is a Lewis base, donating an electron pair to the SO₂ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.
E)the OH^- ion is a Lewis acid, accepting an electron pair from the SO₂ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.

Question 42

The F^- ion can react with BF₃, forming the BF₄^- anion. In this reaction,

A)the F^- ion is a Brønsted-Lowry base, accepting a proton from the BF₃ molecule.
B)the F^- ion is a Lewis base, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
C)the F^- ion is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
D)the BF₃ molecule acts as a Lewis acid, accepting an electron pair from the F^- ion to form a coordinate covalent bond.
E)the BF₃ molecule acts as a Lewis base, donating an electron pair to the F^- ion to form a coordinate covalent bond.

Question 43

CO₂ can react with OH^-, forming HCO₃^-. In this reaction,

A)the CO₂ is a Brønsted-Lowry acid, accepting a proton from the OH^- ion.
B)the CO₂ is a Lewis acid, accepting a proton from the OH^- ion.
C)the OH^- ion is a Brønsted-Lowry base, donating a proton to the CO₂ molecule.
D)the OH^- ion is a Lewis acid, accepting an electron pair from the CO₂ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.
E)the OH^- ion is a Lewis base, donating an electron pair to the CO₂ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.

Question 44

Which pair of reactants will yield H₂SO₄ as one of its products?

A)SO₂ + OH^-
B)SO₃ + OH^-
C)SO₂ + H₂O
D)SO₄^2- + OH^-
E)SO₃ + H₂O

Question 45

Which pair of reactants will yield H₂SO₃ as one of its products?

A)SO₂ + OH^-
B)SO₃ + OH^-
C)SO₂ + H₂O
D)SO₄^2- + OH^-
E)SO₃ + H₂O

Question 46

Which 0.1 M solution would be the most acidic?

A)Al(NO₃)₃ (aq)
B)Ca(NO₃)₂ (aq)
C)KNO₃ (aq)
D)Mg(NO₃)₂ (aq)
E)Zn(NO₃)₂ (aq)

Question 47

Which 0.1 M solution would be the most acidic?

A)ZnCl₂ (aq)
B)CdCl₂ (aq)
C)FeCl₃ (aq)
D)AuCl₃ (aq)
E)NaCl (aq)

Question 48

Which 0.1 M solution would be the least acidic?

A)ZnCl₂ (aq)
B)CdCl₂ (aq)
C)FeCl₃ (aq)
D)NiCl₂ (aq)
E)CuCl₂ (aq)

Question 49

Five solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.00100 mole of each of the following compounds in enough water to make 1.000 liter of solution. Which one of these compounds would make the most acidic solution?

A)CO₂
B)P₄O₆
C)P₄O₁₀
D)SO₂
E)SO₃

Question 50

Which of the following would form an acidic solution when added to water?

A)CO₂ (g)
B)Na₂O (s)
C)CaO (s)
D)H₂O (g)
E)None of these

Question 51

Which of the following would form an acidic solution when added to water?

A)SO₂ (g)
B)Na₂O (s)
C)MgO (s)
D)H₂O (g)
E)None of these

Question 52

Which of the following would form a basic solution when added to water?

A)CO₂ (g)
B)Na₂O (s)
C)SO₃ (g)
D)H₂O (g)
E)P₄O₆ (g)

Question 53

Which of the following would form a basic solution when added to water?

A)NO₂ (g)
B)K₂O (s)
C)SO₃ (g)
D)H₂O (g)
E)P₄O₆ (g)

Question 54

Which solution should be the least acidic?

A)Al(NO₃)₃ (aq)
B)Ga(NO₃)₃ (aq)
C)AgNO₃ (aq)
D)Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq)
E)Zn(NO₃)₂ (aq)

Question 55

Which solution should be the most acidic?

A)Zn(NO₃)₂ (aq)
B)Cd(NO₃)₂ (aq)
C)Ga(NO₃)₃ (aq)
D)Hg(NO₃)₂ (aq)
E)Al(NO₃)₃ (aq)

Question 56

Which solution should be the least acidic?

A)Al(NO₃)₃ (aq)
B)Cd(NO₃)₂ (aq)
C)Ga(NO₃)₃ (aq)
D)KNO₃ (aq)
E)Zn(NO₃)₂ (aq)

Question 57

Five solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.00100 mole of each of the following in enough water to make 1.000 liter of solution. Which one of these compounds would make the most acidic solution?

A)CO₂
B)P₄O₆
C)P₄O₁₀
D)SO₂
E)SO₃

Question 58

Five solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.00100 mole of each of the following in enough water to make 1.000 liter of solution. Which one of these compounds would make the most acidic solution?

A)Na₂O
B)BaO
C)Ga₂O₃
D)Al₂O₃
E)P₄O₆

Question 59

Five solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.00100 mole of each of the following in enough water to make 1.000 liter of solution. Which one of these compounds would make the most acidic solution?

A)Na₂O
B)BaO
C)Ga₂O₃
D)Al₂O₃
E)P₄O₆

Question 60

The step in the sol-gel process that forms oxygen bridges while forming water molecules can be best classified as

A)an acid-base reaction.
B)sintering.
C)an evaporation process.
D)annealing.
E)metallurgy.

Question 61

Ceramic material made by the sol-gel process involve the reaction of

A)water and acids.
B)ethanol and water.
C)water and metal oxides.
D)acids and metal alkoxides.
E)water and metal alkoxides.

Question 62

What is the formula for the conjugate base of NH₃(aq)?

Question 63

What is the formula for the conjugate acid of the OH^-(aq)ion?

Question 64

What is the formula for the conjugate acid of the HCO₃^-(aq)ion?

Question 65

What is the formula for the conjugate base of the HCO₃^-(aq)ion?

Question 66

What is the formula for the conjugate base of HNO₃(aq)?

Question 67

In the reaction, HClO₃(aq)+ N₂H₄(aq) ClO₃^-(aq)+ N₂H₅⁺(aq), list the species that are conjugate acid-base pairs.

Question 68

In the reaction, HSO₄^-(aq)+ OH^-(aq) SO₄^2-(aq)+ H₂O(l), list the species that are conjugate acid-base pairs.

Question 69

Explain why the anion HCO₃^- can be classified as an amphoteric species.

Question 70

The strongest base that can exist in aqueous solution is ________.

Question 71

The strongest acid that can exist in aqueous solution is ________.

Question 72

For the system NH₂OH(aq)+ CH₃NH₃⁺(aq) CH₃NH₂(aq)+ NH₃OH⁺(aq)the position of the equilibrium lies to the left. What is the strongest acid in this reaction?

Question 73

For the system NH₂OH(aq)+ CH₃NH₃⁺(aq) CH₃NH₂(aq)+ NH₃OH⁺(aq)the position of equilibrium lies to the left. What is the strongest base in this reaction?

Question 74

For the system H₃PO₄(aq)+ COOH^-(aq) HCOOH(aq)+ H₂PO₄^-(aq)the position of equilibrium lies to the right. What is the strongest acid in this reaction?

Question 75

For the system H₃PO₄(aq)+ COOH^-(aq) HCOOH(aq)+ H₂PO₄^-(aq)the position of equilibrium lies to the right. What is the strongest base in this reaction?

Question 76

Three oxoacids with the formulas shown are listed in order of decreasing acid strength:HZO₃ > HYO₃ > HXO₃What is the formula for the strongest conjugate base of these acids?

Question 77

Three binary acids with the formulas shown are listed in order of decreasing acid strength:HZ > HY > HX What is the formula for the strongest conjugate base of these acids?

Question 78

Which one of the two species, H₂Se or H₃As, is the stronger Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Question 79

Which one of the two species, HF(aq)or HI(aq), is the weaker Brønsted-Lowry acid?

Question 80

Which one of the two species, H₂S or HBr, is the stronger Brønsted-Lowry acid?