Deck 34: Postcolonialism and Beyond: Latin America, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East

Question 1

Globalization may best be described as (Global Perspective, pp. 862-863)

A) the rise of American dominance over world affairs.
B) a term used to describe the polarization of the world during the Cold War.
C) an unprecedented series of dependencies and trade links.
D) UN plans to create a world banking organization.

Answer 1

an unprecedented series of dependencies and trade links.

Question 2

"The West versus the Rest"

A) is a theory forecasting a clash of civilizations between the Europeanized world and all other cultural traditions.
B) is a theory that focuses primarily on conflict and competition between nation states.
C) downplays the possibility of future violent international conflicts.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Answer 2

is a theory forecasting a clash of civilizations between the Europeanized world and all other cultural traditions.

Question 3

Decolonization has led to the creation of independent nations in all of the following regions except (Map 34-1, p. 865)

A) Europe.
B) Asia.
C) Africa.
D) the Indian subcontinent.

Answer 3

Europe.

Question 4

After World War II, the trend in Latin America has been

A) toward less dependency on the United States.
B) to remain in the economic orbit of Europe.
C) to dwell in the shadows of the superpowers.
D) to check political corruption and dictatorship.

Question 5

Political turmoil in modern Colombia stems from

A) the sale of narcotics to Europe and the United States.
B) communist insurgent movements, supported by the Chinese.
C) the building and maintenance of the Panama Canal.
D) the failed economic policies of the Perón regime.

Question 6

In the 1982 Falklands War

A) Argentina defeated Chile.
B) Britain defeated Argentina.
C) Perón was overthrown.
D) U.S.-backed rebels defeated Argentina.

Question 7

One major and unexpected result of the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan was

A) the establishment of Muslim terrorist camps in the country.
B) the continued dominance of the Afghan Communist party.
C) the expulsion of religious extremists from the Central Asian Islamic republics.
D) the wave of nonviolent revolutions in Eastern Europe.

Question 8

During the Cold War, India's primary policy was to

A) support the United States.
B) remain neutral.
C) ally with the Soviet Union.
D) switch sides according to the issue.

Question 9

The Arab-Israeli Wars of the 1950s to the 1970s resulted in

A) partial Arab victories.
B) mostly Arab defeats.
C) the creation of a separation wall.
D) lasting peace treaties.

Question 10

The immediate result of al-Qaeda's September 11 attacks on the United States was

A) the rapid overthrow of the Taliban government in Afghanistan.
B) the U.S. and British invasion of Iran.
C) the landing of UN troops in Israel.
D) U.S. economic sanctions against Iraq.

Question 11

The Vatican's reaction to liberation theology was

A) to support leftist movements in Latin America.
B) to support agrarian reform.
C) to call for armed insurrection.
D) to attack it.

Question 12

The "African World War" refers to conflict in

A) the Republic of South Africa.
B) the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
C) Nigeria.
D) Rwanda.

Question 13

On what basis does the text argue that democratization and globalization are the defining characteristics of the contemporary era? Do you agree with this assessment? Why or why not?
Conceptual

Question 14

What is decolonization? What are the major themes of this historic process? What is the importance of nationalism in the postcolonial world? How important are the ties between new nations and European colonial powers?
Conceptual

Question 15

What have been the major revolutionary changes in Latin America since 1945? What role did the United States and the Soviet Union play in this region? Why has there not been more revolutionary activity in Latin America?
Conceptual

Question 16

What social and economic problems has Mexico faced since World War II? Why has its apparent stability not resulted in a more productive and wealthier society?
Conceptual

Question 17

Detail the different economic programs attempted in Latin American countries in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Which do you think has met with the most success? Which the least? To what factor or factors do you attribute that success?
Conceptual

Question 18

Outline the policy of apartheid, and describe why and how it was abolished. What new challenges face the Republic of South Africa today?
Conceptual

Question 19

What are some of the most significant effects of decolonization in Africa? Which country do you think has been the most successful in meeting postcolonial challenges? Which country has been the least successful?
Conceptual

Question 20

What are some of the most pressing issues facing African nations today? What seem to be the most successful methods for addressing these issues and why?
Conceptual

Question 21

What are some of the predominant developments currently occurring in the nation of Turkey? Why is this nation such a fascinating indicator of larger potential trends in international affairs?
Conceptual

Question 22

What have been some of the most prominent concerns faced by the nation of Iran during the twentieth century? How has the Revolution of 1979 changed the nation of Iran?
Conceptual

Question 23

What are some of the major problems on the Indian subcontinent? What role have the Sikhs played in this area? Name some of the historic problems between India and Pakistan. Is there a possibility of unity in this region of the world?
Conceptual

Question 24

How and why was the state of Israel established? Why has it faced almost constant hostility? What steps might lead to a reduction in violence in the region? What role should the United States play?
Conceptual

Question 25

What is militant Islamism? Are any of its goals legitimate? What impact has the Muslim resurgence had on world history? Why is the West having trouble coping with this movement? What is the relationship between this movement and the increase in terrorist activities in the late twentieth century?
Conceptual

Question 26

When and why did the United States invade Iraq? Was the invasion justified? What have been the results? Have the benefits been worth the costs? How could the situation be improved?
Conceptual

Question 27

How have colonial histories influenced recent events in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda? Can any lessons learned, or techniques used, in South Africa's emergence from apartheid be applied to help bring an end to the violence in central Africa?
Conceptual

Question 28

Which model of the future do you find more compelling, globalization or the "clash of civilizations"? Point to specific events, trends, and historical patterns to support your choice.
Conceptual