Deck 17: Europe 15001650: Expansion, Reformation, and Religious Wars

Question 1

For Europe, the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries were a period of (Global Perspective, pp. 406-407)

A) strict conformity to established theological creed.
B) unprecedented territorial expansion.
C) close connection between the northern humanists and the church.
D) economic stagnation and social crisis.

Answer 1

unprecedented territorial expansion.

Question 2

The three centuries of conquest that began with Columbus's voyage would

A) finance Spain in ensuing political and religious wars.
B) fuel a Europe-wide economic expansion.
C) introduce new species of fruits and vegetables to Europe.
D) All of these answers are correct.

Answer 2

All of these answers are correct.

Question 3

The Protestant faith (Religions of the World, pp. 430-431)

A) was a unified church that provided a new alternative to Catholic worship.
B) divided and redivided among a number of smaller denominations.
C) was often tolerant of Catholics who lived within its area of influence.
D) gained the most support in the largest countries of Europe.

Answer 3

divided and redivided among a number of smaller denominations.

Question 4

Martin Luther translated the New Testament into German

A) around 1510.
B) in the mid-1520s.
C) in 1532.
D) None of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Anabaptists believed in or did all of the following except

A) adult baptism.
B) polygamy.
C) refuse to participate in secular government.
D) were perceived by political authorities as a threat.

Question 6

The Council of Trent did all of the following except

A) affirm traditional beliefs and practices.
B) forbid the selling of religious offices.
C) reject improvements in training for the clergy.
D) strengthen local bishops.

Question 7

The religious divisions of the Netherlands around 1600 (Map 17-4, p. 424) laid the geographical foundation for which modern country?

A) Belgium
B) Luxembourg
C) Germany
D) Andorra

Question 8

In Don Quixote, Cervantes's attitude toward old-fashioned romantic chivalry was

A) ridicule and scorn: the author preferred modern science.
B) unqualified praise: the author despised hardheaded realism.
C) measured and complex: the author was part realist, part idealist.
D) indifference: the author viewed chivalry as dead.

Question 9

What developments in society and technology during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries changed the way people viewed the world? What effect did the rise of humanism have on that worldview? How did humanism influence religion?
Conceptual

Question 10

Why did the Reformation begin in Germany? What political factors contributed to the success of the Reformation in Germany as opposed to France, for example, or Spain?
Conceptual

Question 11

What was the fundamental issue faced by Luther in the Peasants Revolt? What were the peasants' demands? Why did Luther not support them?
Conceptual

Question 12

Defend one of the following assertions: The Reformation was the culmination of the medieval experience, or the Reformation was the beginning of the modern age.
Conceptual

Question 13

What did the Reformation accomplish? Did it change society very little, or did it bring about fundamental and important changes in people's lives? Be specific in your answer.
Conceptual

Question 14

What part did politics play in the religious positions of French leaders? How did the king (or his regent) decide which side to favor? What led to the infamous St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and what results did it achieve?
Conceptual

Question 15

How did Spain achieve a position of dominance in the sixteenth century? What were her strengths as a nation? Her weaknesses? What were Philip II's goals? Which ones were not successful and why? How might European history have been different had the Spanish Armada been victorious?
Conceptual

Question 16

"The Thirty Years' War is the outstanding example in European history of meaningless conflict." Evaluate this statement. How could the war have been avoided?
Conceptual

Question 17

Discuss the religious divisions within the Holy Roman Empire. What was the result of these religious divisions? Who held authority to decide to which religion a state adhered? How did these divisions come about?
Conceptual

Question 18

The seventeenth century is sometimes labeled as a period of crisis by historians. Do you agree or disagree with this assessment? In what ways does Europe in the first half of the seventeenth century exhibit signs of being in political, religious, social, or intellectual crisis? In what ways does it not seem to be in the throes of a crisis?
Conceptual

Question 19

What were the most important teachings of Luther? To what conditions in the church and society was he reacting? How did his teachings criticize aspects of the Catholic Church? How did Lutheranism impact Europe?
Conceptual

Question 20

What were the most important teachings of Calvin? How did Calvinism differ from Lutheranism? To what issues was Calvin reacting? How did Calvinism impact Geneva? Europe?
Conceptual

Question 21

What were the chief beliefs and teachings of Zwingli? How did Zwingli's teachings differ from or resemble those of Lutheranism and Calvinism? What impact did Zwingli and his followers have on Switzerland? What impact did Zwingli and his followers have on the rest of Europe?
Conceptual

Question 22

What was the impact of Renaissance humanism on the Reformation in various parts of Europe? Compare and contrast the teachings of Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli to some of the significant themes that emerged from the Renaissance. To what extent could the reformers be called humanists?
Conceptual

Question 23

What were the factors that prompted the European voyages of exploration? What impact did these voyages have on Europe and the Americas? Compare and contrast the European voyages to those of China. Which had the greater impact on the world and why?
Conceptual