Deck 5: Chemical Reactions

Question 1

The minimum energy that reactants need in order for the molecules to be in the correct orientation is called:

A)collision energy
B)dissociation energy
C)activation energy
D)orientation energy

Answer 1

activation energy

Question 2

For a reaction to be exothermic or endothermic it is determined by:

A)the activation energy
B)the states of the reactants
C)the overall loss or gain of energy when the bonds break and reform
D)collision orientation of molecules

Answer 2

the overall loss or gain of energy when the bonds break and reform

Question 3

What type of nutrient has the highest energy content per gram?

A)Carbohydrate
B)Fat
C)Protein
D)They all have the same energy content.

Answer 3

Fat

Question 4

A food sample contains 10 g fat, 12 g carbohydrate, and 8 g protein. The energy content is:

A)120 Cal
B)160 Cal
C)170 Cal
D)180 Cal

Question 5

Which of the following factors influence the rate of a reaction?

A)Temperature
B)Reactant concentration
C)A catalyst
D)All of the above

Question 6

A fast reaction rate for a chemical reaction is dependent on:

A)having a large activation energy
B)having a small activation energy
C)being exothermic
D)being endothermic

Question 7

Which of the following processes is nonspontaneous?

A)An antacid tablet reacting with stomach acid to produce carbon dioxide
B)A hot pan cooling on the counter
C)Water turning to ice below 0°C
D)A battery being recharged

Question 8

Determine which of the statements is incorrect regarding this figure:

A)Reaction I is exergonic.
B)Reaction II occurs faster than reaction I.
C)Reaction II is endergonic.
D)The activation energy for reaction I is smaller than that of reaction II.

Question 9

Which of the following actions would not increase the rate of a reaction?

A)Diluting the reactants by a factor of 2
B)Increasing the temperature by 10°C
C)Adding a catalyst
D)Increasing the concentration of the reactants by a factor of 2

Question 10

An enzyme increases the rate of a biological process in what way?

A)Increases the concentration of reactants
B)Increases the temperature of the reactants
C)Lowers the activation energy of the process
D)Makes the reaction more exergonic

Question 11

Which of the following are enzyme-based diseases?

A)Gout
B)Lactose intolerance
C)Phenylketonuria
D)All of the above

Question 12

In what type of reaction are there more reactant substances than product substances?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 13

In what type of reaction are there more product substances than reactant substances?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 14

What type of reaction is illustrated in this diagram?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 15

What type of reaction is illustrated in this diagram?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 16

The following reaction is an example of which of the following?
Na₂CO₃(aq)+ Pb(NO₃)₂(aq)? 2NaNO₃(aq)+ PbCO₃(s)

A)Synthesis
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 17

A piece of zinc placed in hydrochloric acid results in a fierce effervescence and the zinc eventually dissolves, yielding a solution of zinc chloride. A glowing splint gives a "popping" sound, indicating the presence of hydrogen gas. What type of reaction is it?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 18

A solution of sodium chloride when added to a solution of silver nitrate produces a white precipitate of silver chloride. What type of reaction is it?

A)Combination
B)Decomposition
C)Single displacement
D)Double displacement

Question 19

What is the coefficient for O₂ when the equation for the combustion of C₅H₁₂ to CO₂ and H₂O is balanced?

A)6
B)7
C)8
D)9

Question 20

What is the coefficient for O₂ when the equation for the combustion of C₄H₁₀ to CO₂ and H₂O is balanced?

A)6
B)7
C)12
D)13

Question 21

Which of these reactions is a double displacement reaction?

A)K(s)+ H₂O(l)? H₂(g)+ KOH(aq)
B)Mg(s)+ HClO₄(aq)? Mg(ClO₄)₂(aq)+ H₂(g)
C)BaO(s)+ H₂O(l)? Ba(OH)₂(aq)
D)CH₃COOH(aq)+ K₂CO₃(aq)? H₂O(l)+ CO₂(g)+ KCH₃COO(aq)

Question 22

What statement is incorrect about this oxidation-reduction reaction?
2 SO₂(g)+ O₂(g)? 2 SO₃(g)

A)O₂ is the oxidizing agent.
B)SO₂ is the reducing agent.
C)O₂ is reduced.
D)SO₂ gains electrons.

Question 23

When an organic molecule loses hydrogens it is said to be:

A)reduced
B)oxidized
C)both oxidized and reduced
D)neither oxidized or reduced

Question 24

When an organic molecule gains hydrogens it is said to be:

A)reduced
B)oxidized
C)both oxidized and reduced
D)neither oxidized or reduced

Question 25

When a substance is oxidized it is called a(n):

A)oxidizing agent
B)reducing agent
C)both
D)neither

Question 26

When a substance is reduced it is called a(n):

A)oxidizing agent
B)reducing agent
C)both
D)neither

Question 27

If this is the reduced form of NADH which of the following is the oxidized form of this important biomolecule?

A)NADH₂
B)NAD⁺
C)NAD
D)NAD⁺²

Question 28

Identify the correct sequence of substances in degree of oxidation.

A)Alcohol ? aldehyde ? carboxylic acid
B)Carboxylic acid ? aldehyde ? alcohol
C)Alcohol ? carboxylic acid ? aldehyde
D)Carboxylic acid ? alcohol ? aldehyde

Question 29

Hydrogenation of an alkene is an example of what kind of reaction?

A)Addition
B)Oxidation
C)Hydrolysis
D)Hydration

Question 30

What is the most likely product of hydration of CH₃CH=CH₂?

A)CH₃CH₂CH₂OH
B)CH₃CH₂CH₃
C)CH₃CHOHCH₃
D)CH₃CHOHCH₂OH

Question 31

Which of the following molecules would yield this product when hydrated?

A)
B)
C)
D)All of the above could yield this product.

Question 32

A hotpack is an example of an endothermic reaction.

Question 33

An exothermic reaction requires heat energy.

Question 34

The free energy of the products in an endergonic reaction is higher than that of the reactants.

Question 35

In a solid, the particles are arranged in the most random way.

Question 36

A spontaneous reaction proceeds without requiring additional energy from the surroundings.

Question 37

The Gibbs free energy change includes contributions from both heat and randomness.

Question 38

Diamond will convert spontaneously into graphite.

Question 39

An exergonic reaction is always spontaneous.

Question 40

The following energy diagram represents an exergonic reaction:

Question 41

Carbohydrates have the highest energy content per gram among carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Question 42

A spontaneous reaction always occurs rapidly.

Question 43

A catalyst increases the reaction rate by reducing the free energy change for the process.

Question 44

A catalyst increases the reaction rate by reducing the activation energy.

Question 45

An enzyme is a biological catalyst.

Question 46

An enzyme is a carbohydrate.

Question 47

The conversion of ATP to ADP provides energy used to drive other biological reactions.

Question 48

A reducing agent gains electrons.

Question 49

Reduction is associated with gain of hydrogen atoms.

Question 50

Oxidation is associated with loss of oxygen atoms.

Question 51

NAD⁺ is an oxidizing agent.

Question 52

Conversion of an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid involves reduction.

Question 53

Conversion of an alcohol to a ketone involves oxidation.

Question 54

In condensation reactions one molecule is split into two molecules.

Question 55

In condensation reactions water molecules are produced.

Question 56

Hydrogenation of an alkene is a reduction reaction.

Question 57

The energy required for a reaction to occur is called the ________ energy.

Question 58

Energy is defined as ________.

Question 59

Energy comes in different forms that can be interchanged. One major form is potential energy. The other is ________.

Question 60

The amount of energy in molecules available to do work is called the ________ energy.

Question 61

The symbol for free energy change is ________.

Question 62

A reaction where the free energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants is called an ________ reaction.

Question 63

An endergonic reaction is one in which the free energy of the products is ________ than that of the reactants.

Question 64

In an exergonic reaction, the sign of ΔG is ________.

Question 65

The following energy diagram represents an ________ reaction.

Question 66

Calculate the energy content of a snack bar that contains 25 g carbohydrate, 8 g fat and 5 g protein.

Question 67

A catalyst speeds up a reaction rate by ________.

Question 68

A protein that acts as a biological catalyst is called a/an ________.

Question 69

Why does increasing the temperature increase the reaction rate?

Question 70

When heated in air, copper metal develops a black appearance over time. Analysis shows that copper(II)oxide is formed. What type of reaction is this?

Question 71

A solution of potassium (K₂CrO₄)when added to a solution of lead(II)acetate (Pb(CH₃COO)₂ produces a yellow precipitate of lead(II)chromate. What type of reaction is it?

Question 72

What substance is indicated by the name under the arrow in this equation?

Question 73

What do the initials ATP stand for?

Question 74

Oxidation always involves ________ of electrons and maybe involve ________ of oxygen atoms or ________ of hydrogen atoms.

Question 75

Is benzoic acid oxidized or reduced in this reaction?

Question 76

What is the oxidized form of FADH?

Question 77

What is the reduced form of NAD⁺?

Question 78

The formation of ATP from ADP is an example of a ________ reaction.

Question 79

The reaction of ATP to produce ADP and energy involves ________.

Question 80

Esterification is an example of a ________ reaction.