Deck 7: Sexually Transmitted and Other Infections

Question 1

The health history and physical examination cannot reliably identify all persons infected with HIV or other blood-borne pathogens.Which infection control practice should the nurse use when providing eye prophylaxis to a term newborn?

A) Wear gloves.
B) Wear mouth, nose, and eye protection.
C) Wear a mask.
D) Wash the hands after medication administration.

Answer 1

Wear gloves.

Question 2

Clients treated for syphilis with penicillin may experience a Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.Which clinical presentation would be unlikely if a client is experiencing this reaction?

A) Vomiting and diarrhea
B) Headache, myalgias, and arthralgia
C) Preterm labor
D) Jarisch-Herxheimer in the first 24 hours after treatment

Answer 2

Vomiting and diarrhea

Question 3

Syphilis is a complex disease that can lead to serious systemic illness and even death if left untreated.Which manifestation differentiates primary syphilis from secondary syphilis?

A) Fever, headache, and malaise
B) Widespread rash
C) Identified by serologic testing
D) Appearance of a chancre 2 months after infection

Answer 3

Appearance of a chancre 2 months after infection

Question 4

Which STI does not respond well to antibiotic therapy?

A) Chlamydia
B) Gonorrhea
C) Genital herpes
D) Syphilis

Question 5

An essential component of counseling women regarding safe sex practices includes a discussion regarding avoiding the exchange of body fluids.The most effective physical barrier promoted for the prevention of STIs and HIV is the condom.To educate the client about the use of condoms,which information related to condom use is the most important?

A) Strategies to enhance condom use
B) Choice of colors and special features
C) Leaving the decision up to the male partner
D) Places to carry condoms safely

Question 6

On vaginal examination of a 30-year-old woman,the nurse documents the following findings: profuse,thin,grayish-white vaginal discharge with a "fishy" odor and complaints of pruritus.Based upon these findings,which condition would the nurse suspect?

A) Bacterial vaginosis
B) Candidiasis
C) Trichomoniasis
D) Gonorrhea

Question 7

Five different viruses (A,B,C,D,and E)account for almost all cases of hepatitis infections.Which statement regarding the various forms of hepatitis is most accurate?

A) Vaccine exists for hepatitis C virus (HCV) but not for HBV.
B) HAV is acquired by eating contaminated food or drinking polluted water.
C) HBV is less contagious than HIV.
D) Incidence of HCV is decreasing.

Question 8

Which laboratory testing is used to detect the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

A) HIV screening
B) HIV antibody testing
C) Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) counts
D) Cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8) counts

Question 9

The nurse providing care in a women's health care setting must be knowledgeable about STIs.Which STIs can be successfully treated?

A) HSV
B) AIDS
C) Venereal warts
D) Chlamydia

Question 10

A 21-year-old client exhibits a greenish,copious,and malodorous discharge with vulvar irritation.A speculum examination and wet smear are performed.Which condition is this client most likely experiencing?

A) Bacterial vaginosis
B) Candidiasis
C) Yeast infection
D) Trichomoniasis

Question 11

Which sexually transmitted infection (STI)is the most commonly reported in American women?

A) Gonorrhea
B) Syphilis
C) Chlamydia
D) Candidiasis

Question 12

The human papillomavirus (HPV),also known as genital warts,affects 79 million Americans,with an estimated number of 14 million new infections each year.The highest rate of infection occurs in young women,ages 20 to 24 years.Prophylactic vaccination to prevent the HPV is now available.Which statement regarding this vaccine is inaccurate?

A) Only one vaccine for the HPV is available.
B) The vaccine is given in three doses over a 6-month period.
C) The vaccine is recommended for both boys and girls.
D) Ideally, the vaccine is administered before the first sexual contact.

Question 13

Which treatment regime would be most appropriate for a client who has been recently diagnosed with acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?

A) Oral antiviral therapy
B) Bed rest in a semi-Fowler position
C) Antibiotic regimen continued until symptoms subside
D) Frequent pelvic examination to monitor the healing progress

Question 14

A 25-year-old single woman comes to the gynecologist's office for a follow-up visit related to her abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap)smear.The test revealed that the client has the HPV.The woman asks,"What is that? Can you get rid of it?" Which is the best response for the nurse to provide?

A) "It's just a little lump on your cervix. We can just freeze it off."
B) "HPV stands for 'human papillomavirus.' It is a sexually transmitted infection that may lead to cervical cancer."
C) "HPV is a type of early human immunodeficiency virus. You will die from this."
D) "You probably caught this from your current boyfriend. He should get tested for this."

Question 15

Which viral sexually transmitted infection is characterized by a primary infection followed by recurrent episodes?

A) Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2)
B) HPV
C) HIV
D) CMV

Question 16

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)recommends which therapy for the treatment of the HPV?

A) Miconazole ointment
B) Topical podofilox 0.5% solution or gel
C) Two doses of penicillin administered intramuscularly (IM)
D) Metronidazole by mouth

Question 17

The nurse should understand the process by which the HIV infection occurs.Once the virus has entered the body,what is the time frame for seroconversion to HIV positivity?

A) 6 to 10 days
B) 2 to 4 weeks
C) 6 to 12 weeks
D) 6 months

Question 18

Which condition is the most life-threatening virus to the fetus and neonate?

A) Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
B) Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
C) Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
D) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 19

A client exhibits a thick,white,lumpy,cottage cheese-like discharge,along with white patches on her labia and in her vagina.She complains of intense pruritus.Which medication should the nurse practitioner order to treat this condition?

A) Fluconazole
B) Tetracycline
C) Clindamycin
D) Acyclovir

Question 20

Group B Streptococcus (GBS)is part of the normal vaginal flora in 20% to 30% of healthy pregnant women.GBS has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes and is an important factor in neonatal morbidity and mortality.Which finding is not a risk factor for neonatal GBS infection?

A) Positive prenatal culture
B) Preterm birth at 37 weeks or less of gestation
C) Maternal temperature of 38° C or higher
D) Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) 24 hours or longer before the birth

Question 21

The nurse should be familiar with the use of the five Ps as a tool for evaluating risk behaviors for STIs and the HIV.Which components would the nurse include in her use of the five Ps as an assessment tool?

A) Number of partners
B) Level of physical activity
C) Prevention of pregnancy
D) Protection from STIs
E) Past history

Question 22

A group of infections known collaboratively as TORCH infections are capable of crossing the placenta and causing serious prenatal effects on the fetus.Which infections are included in this group of organisms?

A) Toxoplasmosis
B) Other infections
C) Roseola
D) Clostridium
E) Herpes simplex

Question 23

A 23-year-old primiparous client with inconsistent prenatal care is admitted to the hospital's maternity unit in labor.The client states that she has tested positive for the HIV.She has not undergone any treatment during her pregnancy.The nurse understands that the risk of perinatal transmission can be significantly decreased by a number of prophylactic interventions.Which interventions should be included in the plan of care?

A) Intrapartum treatment with antiviral medications
B) Cesarean birth
C) Postpartum treatment with antiviral medications
D) Avoidance of breastfeeding
E) Pneumococcal, HBV, and Haemophilus influenzae vaccine

Question 24

What is the drug of choice for the treatment of gonorrhea?

A) Penicillin G
B) Tetracycline
C) Ceftriaxone
D) Acyclovir

Question 25

Counseling and education are critical components of the nursing care of women with herpes infections.Clients should be taught to identify triggers that might result in a herpes attack.Which factors are possible triggers for a recurrence?

A) Menstruation
B) Trauma
C) Febrile illness
D) Soap
E) Ultraviolet light

Question 26

Which sexual behaviors are associated with exposure to an STI?

A) Fellatio
B) Unprotected anal intercourse
C) Multiple sex partners
D) Dry kissing
E) Abstinence

Question 27

Which statements regarding the HPV are accurate?
HPV infections:

A) are thought to be less common in pregnant women than in women who are not pregnant.
B) are thought to be more common in pregnant women than in women who are not pregnant.
C) were previously called genital warts.
D) were previously called herpes.
E) may cause cancer.