Deck 11: Counseling Children and Adolescents

Question 1

Which one of the following individuals created a developmental theory related to moral development?

A) Kohlberg
B) Piaget
C) Erikson
D) Elkind

Answer 1

Kohlberg

Question 2

This person conceptualized cognitive development into four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations

A) Kohlberg
B) Piaget
C) Erikson
D) Elkind

Answer 2

Piaget

Question 3

Which of the following is a key concept of sociocultural theory?

A) zone of proximal development
B) psychosocial stages
C) maturational developmental processes
D) attachment

Answer 3

zone of proximal development

Question 4

Which of the following is a key emphasis of the theory presented by Ainsworth and Bowlby?

A) Emphasis is on the role that emotions play in social and psychological functioning.
B) Focus on the relationship between the emotional bond between a parent and child and the child's psychosocial development over the lifespan.
C) Focus in on adolescent psychopathology in the context of maturation and developmental processes
D) Emphasis is on eight psychosocial stages and their associated developmental tasks

Question 5

Which of the following represents Piaget's preoperational stage of development?

A) egocentrism
B) symbolic play, drawing, and spoken language
C) attributing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects
D) All of the above

Question 6

According to Erikson (1968), children in early childhood are in the process of resolving which developmental crisis?

A) initiative versus guilt
B) industry versus inferiority
C) identity versus role confusion
D) ego integrity versus despair

Question 7

__________________ is an extremely important activity in early childhood, in which children find out about themselves and the world.

A) cognitive-behavioral therapy
B) psychodynamic counseling
C) play
D) elementary school

Question 8

_________________ represents Piaget's stage of cognitive development in which ability to reason logically about concrete, tangible information develops.

A) preoperational stage
B) concrete operational stage
C) formal operational stage
D) none of the above

Question 9

Children in middle childhood are in the process of resolving which of Erikson's (1968) developmental crises?

A) initiative versus guilt
B) industry versus inferiority
C) identity versus role confusion
D) ego integrity versus despair

Question 10

A person who is able to deal with abstraction, form hypotheses, engage in mental manipulation, and predict consequences would likely be in which of Piaget's stages?

A) sensorimotor stage
B) preoperational stage
C) concrete operational stage
D) formal operational stage

Question 11

________________ , which emerges during adolescence, is characterized by a belief in one's uniqueness and invulnerability

A) egocentrism
B) ethnocentrism
C) generativity
D) ego integrity

Question 12

Which of the following developmental tasks is associated with the identity versus role confusion conflict proposed by Erikson (1968)?

A) finding contentment about one's life-past, present, and future
B) recognizing and finding peace with life successes
C) forming one's identity, including committing to goals, values, beliefs, and life purpose
D) all of the above

Question 13

The _______________ in Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model refers to a specific environment in which an individual develops. This includes family, peer groups, school, and church.

A) microsystem
B) mesosytem
C) exosystem
D) macrosystem
E) chronosystem

Question 14

The _______________ in Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model refers to an overarching belief system or culture that exerts its effects indirectly through cultural tools and institutions.

A) microsystem
B) mesosytem
C) exosystem
D) macrosystem
E) chronosystem

Question 15

A youth who is depressed who believes that she is helpless to influence events in her life and that she is responsible for any failures or problems is likely exhibiting which faulty cognitive processing skill?

A) positive attribution bias
B) negative attributional style
C) catastrophizing
D) depressing

Question 16

__________________ is an example of a nonnormative event.

A) job loss
B) school transitions
C) changes in family and peer relationships
D) poverty

Question 17

The __________________ component of CBT helps individuals identify and change negative, pessimistic thinking, biases, and attributions.

A) behavioral
B) cognitive
C) affective
D) all of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is a goal of interpersonal therapy for adolescents?

A) to increase positive behavior patterns and improve social skills
B) to help clients develop cognitive structures that will positively influence their future experiences
C) to improve disturbed relationships that may contribute to depression
D) both a and b

Question 19

_________________ emphasizes that children, adolescents, and young adults (up through age 24) taking antidepressants should be closely monitored for adverse side effects of the medication, including suicidal ideation

A) Treatment of Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS)
B) Black box warning label on antidepressant medications
C) SSRI
D) None of the above

Question 20

Individuals with _____________ weigh less than 85% of what is considered normal for their age.

A) bulimia nervosa
B) anorexia nervosa
C) binge-eating disorder
D) none of the above

Question 21

Which of the following is a common characteristic of individuals with eating disorders?

A) They tend to be low achievers and sensitive to rejection.
B) They tend to be high achievers and sensitive to rejection.
C) They are usually buffered against other mental health disorders, because eating disorders, in general, are not comorbid with other mental disorders.
D) None of the above

Question 22

_______________ is a physical complication of eating disorders in which fine hair grows over the body.

A) pica
B) vibrissa
C) lanugo
D) bristle

Question 23

______________ refers to the excessive concern with becoming muscular.

A) body euphoria
B) muscle dysphoria
C) well-being
D) muscle euphoria

Question 24

A counselor begins to work with an adolescent who strongly identifies with a particular clique but struggles to describe his own unique characteristics outside of that group. Based on this information, which of the following considerations would be appropriate?

A) It's important to recognize that this adolescent is experiencing role confusion and interventions should be initiated to help the client to become more individuated from his group.
B) It is important to recognize that this is an example of an adolescent who has found his identity.
C) It is important that the counselor keep in mind the influence of culture before determining whether this behavior is adaptive or maladaptive.
D) None of the above.

Question 25

What is cyberbullying? How it similar to and different from traditional forms of bullying? What can clinical mental health counselors do to confront cyberbullying?

Question 26

Briefly describe the main tenets of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Model? How might this model be helpful to clinical mental health counselors working with adolescents?

Question 27

Describe how expressive arts may be used in counseling with children and adolescents. Give a specific example of an expressive art technique you could use with a particular age group (e.g., early childhood, adolescence).

Question 28

What are the three treatment phases of anorexia recommended by the National Institute of Mental Health?

Question 29

Discuss four ways in which clinical mental health counselors can help children whose parents are going through a divorce.