Deck 24: Environmental Protection

Question 1

The ________ is a federal agency that can initiate judicial proceedings in court against suspected violators of federal environmental laws.

A) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
C) Nuclear Regulatory Commission
D) Pollution Control Board

Answer 1

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Question 2

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has ________ powers to hold hearings and order remedies for violation of environmental laws.

A) legislative
B) adjudicative
C) administrative
D) rule making

Answer 2

adjudicative

Question 3

When was the Environmental Protection Agency created and what are its purpose and powers?

Answer 3

The U.S. Congress created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970 to coordinate the enforcement of the federal environmental protection laws.
The EPA has broad rule-making powers to adopt regulations to advance the laws that it is empowered to administer. The agency also has adjudicative powers to hold hearings, make decisions, and order remedies for violations of federal environmental laws. In addition, the EPA can initiate judicial proceedings in court against suspected violators of federal environmental laws.

Question 4

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) is a federal statute that mandates that the federal government must ________.

A) consider focusing on air and water pollution to the exclusion of other sources of pollution, as these two modes of pollution have the greatest impact on human lives
B) implement a complete ban on the commercial usage of the two hundred toxic substances identified as being harmful and polluting
C) implement a zero tolerance policy for all business activities that discharge waste products into water bodies
D) consider the adverse impact a federal government action would have on the environment before the action is implemented

Question 5

An environmental impact statement (EIS) must contain ________ of the proposed action and alternative actions.

A) artists' renderings
B) a cost-benefit analysis
C) detailed spreadsheets of expenditures to date
D) endorsements from local public officials

Question 6

In a survey of the nonattainment areas in a state, the state air pollution regulatory authority found Region 3 to be the region that exceeded the ozone standard by the largest margin, far exceeding the air pollution levels in all other regions of the state. Region 3 is most likely to be categorized as a(n) ________ nonattainment area.

A) atypical
B) extreme
C) marginal
D) serious

Question 7

The ________ Act requires states to identify major stationary sources of air pollution and develop plans to reduce air pollution from these sources.

A) Safe Drinking Water
B) National Environmental Policy
C) Clean Air
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Question 8

Oil refineries are an example of ________ sources of air pollution.

A) stationary
B) transient
C) mobile
D) non-permanent

Question 9

The ________ Act authorizes the EPA to regulate air pollution caused by fuel and fuel additives.

A) Safe Drinking Water
B) National Environmental Policy
C) Clean Air
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a nonattainment area classification category?

A) marginal
B) moderate
C) acceptable
D) extreme.

Question 11

Indoor air pollution is also called ________.

A) sick building syndrome
B) secondary smoke
C) halitosis
D) chemical-induced smells

Question 12

What is a "nonattainment area"? How are these areas rated, and what are the consequences to states for having nonattainment areas?

Question 13

In 1948, Congress enacted the ________ to regulate water pollution. This act has been amended several times. As amended, it is simply referred to as the Clean Water Act.

A) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA)
B) Federal Water Pollution Control Act
C) Clean Water Act
D) Safe Drinking Water Act

Question 14

The sources of water pollution that are stationary are known as ________ sources of water pollution.

A) point
B) non-moving
C) areal
D) tertiary

Question 15

The Clean Water Act authorizes the U.S. government to clean up ________ in ocean waters within 12 miles of the shore and on the continental shelf and to recover the cleanup costs from responsible parties.

A) spent military ordinance
B) sunken and abandoned ships
C) oil spills and spills of other hazardous substances
D) plastic drinking straws

Question 16

Armex I, a large nuclear power plant, has been in the news for a potential defect in the construction of its inner chambers that caused radioactive fumes to escape from the plant to the surrounding areas. This has endangered the lives of the employees at the plant as well as those staying in nearby areas. This safety violation is likely to be addressed by the ________ for corrective action, including possible closure of the plant.

A) Federal Nuclear Agency (FNA)
B) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
C) Nuclear Waste Policy Commission (NWPC)
D) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Question 17

Under the ________ Act, pesticides must be registered with the EPA before they can be sold.

A) Resource Conservation and Recovery
B) Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
C) Toxic Substances Control
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Question 18

The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act provides for the creation of a ________ hazardous waste sites.

A) government fund to finance the cleanup of
B) federal police force to investigate
C) custodial agency to quarantine
D) U.S. Justice Department Division to prosecute owners of

Question 19

The disposal of new hazardous wastes is regulated by the ________ Act.

A) Resource Conservation and Recovery
B) Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
C) Toxic Substances Control
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Question 20

Toxic Substances Control Act is administered by the ________.

A) Environmental Protection Agency
B) Army Corps of Engineers
C) Nuclear Regulatory Commission
D) Environmental Control Board

Question 21

The ________ Act requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to identify toxic air pollutants that present a substantial risk of injury to human health or the environment.

A) Resource Conservation and Recovery
B) Toxic Substances Control
C) Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
D) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Question 22

To date, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified more than ________ chemicals as toxic, including asbestos, mercury, vinyl chloride, benzene, beryllium, and radionuclides.

A) 15
B) 100
C) 200
D) 10,000

Question 23

The Toxic Substances Control Act requires stationary sources of toxic chemicals to ________ emissions of toxic substances.

A) install equipment and technology to control
B) immediately halt
C) monitor
D) submit an environmental impact statement addressing

Question 24

Describe the law by which the federal government regulates insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide, including the rationale for the law, and the scope of the law.

Question 25

What is the Superfund law? What does the Superfund law empower the Environmental Protection Agency to do?

Question 26

The Secretary of Commerce is empowered to enforce the provisions of the ________ Act that protect endangered marine species.

A) Sea Creatures
B) Marine Wildlife
C) Clean Water
D) Endangered Species

Question 27

The Endangered Species Act requires the EPA and the Department of Commerce to designate ________ for each endangered and threatened species, where real estate and other development is prohibited or severely limited.

A) national landmark areas
B) natural homelands
C) vital ecosystems
D) critical habitats

Question 28

The Endangered Species Act prohibits the "taking" of any endangered species. "Taking"Is defined so as to include an act intended to "________, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect"
An endangered animal.

A) feed
B) harass
C) adopt
D) film

Question 29

________ statutes and ordinances to protect the environment.

A) Many state and local governments have enacted
B) Federal law outlaws state and local
C) Few state and local governments have enacted
D) The U.S. Constitution prohibits state and local