Deck 4: The Rise of the Sophists and Socrates

Question 1

During the time of the sophists, Athens flourished economically and culturally.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The older generation of sophists advised worship of the gods for pragmatic and socially prudent reasons.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The younger generation of sophists were deeply religious and conservative.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The sophists were more concerned to find the truth than to win arguments.

Question 5

The sophist Thrasymachus taught that might makes right.

Question 6

Protagoras taught that all opinions are true.

Question 7

Socrates taught that we should not continually examine our lives, for this will distract us from the pursuit of success.

Question 8

The punishment Socrates proposed for himself was the privilege of eating in the dining hall of the city's heroes.

Question 9

Socrates attempted to escape from prison, but failed.

Question 10

Socrates taught that no one voluntarily chooses to do good over evil.

Question 11

Socrates taught that people often have perfect knowledge of the Good, but fail to do it.

Question 12

Plato was Socrates' teacher and the source of many of Socrates' ideas.

Question 13

The sophists made their living by

A) serving as priests in the temple.
B) teaching rhetoric and oratory.
C) earning awards as professional athletes.
D) selling religious statues in the marketplace.

Question 14

The sophists main concern was to

A) understand the true nature of reality.
B) please the gods.
C) achieve success in the practical affairs of life.
D) all of the above

Question 15

The sophists believed that egoism was

A) natural and morally right.
B) natural, but morally wrong.
C) unnatural, but supported by social convention.
D) unnatural and morally wrong.

Question 16

The sophist Gorgias taught that

A) nothing exists.
B) if something exists, it can't be known.
C) if something can be known, it can't be communicated.
D) all of the above

Question 17

The two types of ethical relativism are

A) secular and religious.
B) theoretical and practical.
C) liberal and conservative.
D) conventional and subjective.

Question 18

Socrates two philosophical concerns were

A) human nature and ethics.
B) cosmology and ethics.
C) human nature and cosmology.
D) defending the sophists and teaching virtue.

Question 19

Socrates was brought to trial on the charges of

A) failing to support his family and pay his taxes.
B) being a pacifist and refusing to go to war.
C) being an atheist and an ethical relativist.
D) religious heresy and corrupting the youth.

Question 20

Socrates taught that one becomes virtuous by

A) following the conventions of society.
B) obtaining knowledge of what is truly good.
C) imitating the actions of moral people.
D) believing in God and seeking one's reward in the afterlife.

Question 21

For Socrates, the relationship between the morally Good and God is

A) the Good is good because God chose it.
B) God chooses the Good because it is good.
C) God rewards those in the afterlife if they follow the Good.
D) God is indifferent to morality, because it is a matter of human custom.

Question 22

In the "Allegory of the Cave,"the problem the prisoners had was

A) they were tortured for their crimes.
B) they could only achieve freedom if they solved the king riddle.
C) they failed to be content, because they were longing for the sunshine.
D) they mistook the shadows for reality.

Question 23

Plato's Forms are

A) the physical objects we encounter in sense experience.
B) moral ideals created by the human mind.
C) verbal definitions that exist only in our language.
D) eternal realities, known by the mind alone.

Question 24

How did Socrates' views differ from those of the sophists?

Question 25

What did Protagoras mean when he said "Man is the measure of all things"?

Question 26

What was Socrates' view on the relationship between knowledge and moral goodness? How could his view be criticized?

Question 27

What was Socrates' view on the autonomy of ethics?

Question 28

Describe what Plato means when he talks of the Forms. What is it that the Forms explain? What is the relationship between the Forms and particular things?