Question 1

What teaching should the pharmacist anticipate for a patient who has initiated the use of herbal supplements?&#10;A) Providing a variety of places to purchase their supplements&#10;B) Discontinuation of other medications&#10;C) Beginning with the lowest recommended dose&#10;D) Eliminating the supplement from the diet so as not to cause toxicity

Accepted Answer

Starting with the lowest recommended dose of an herbal supplement is a prudent approach to minimize potential side effects and assess tolerance. This allows for a safer introduction of the supplement into the patient's regimen.

Question 2

What are important characteristics of vitamins that the pharmacist should include in patient teaching? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) Provitamins are supplied in the diet.
B) Vitamins are similar in the nutritional roles they play.
C) Disease results when vitamins are not present in adequate amounts.
D) The body synthesizes necessary vitamins.
E) Vitamins can be taken as often as necessary.

Provitamins are supplied in the diet.
Disease results when vitamins are not present in adequate amounts.

Accepted Answer

A) Provitamins are precursors to vitamins found in the diet that the body can convert into active vitamins. C) Vitamins are essential nutrients, and a deficiency in any vitamin can lead to specific diseases or health issues, emphasizing the importance of adequate vitamin intake.

Question 3

What foods should the pharmacist teach a patient to avoid while taking a calcium supplement?
(Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) Nuts
B) Cheese
C) Spinach
D) Soy
E) Milk

Nuts
Spinach
Soy

Accepted Answer

Nuts&#10;Spinach&#10;Soy&#10;

Question 4

What are the indications for vitamin therapy? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.&#10;A) Heart disease&#10;B) Pregnancy&#10;C) Alcoholism&#10;D) Chronic kidney disease&#10;E) Hypertension

Accepted Answer

Vitamin therapy is indicated in situations where there is an increased need for vitamins or when dietary intake and absorption are insufficient. During pregnancy, there is an increased need for certain vitamins to support the health of the mother and the developing fetus. Alcoholism can lead to malnutrition and specific vitamin deficiencies, such as thiamine, due to poor dietary intake and impaired absorption. Chronic kidney disease can result in deficiencies of certain vitamins due to dietary restrictions, alterations in metabolism, and losses during dialysis. Heart disease and hypertension are not directly treated with vitamin therapy, although a healthy diet rich in certain vitamins may be part of overall management.

Question 5

Diuretics can cause the depletion of this mineral:&#10;A) Calcium&#10;B) Sodium&#10;C) Potassium&#10;D) Magnesium

Accepted Answer

Diuretics can lead to the depletion of potassium, especially loop and thiazide diuretics, which increase the excretion of potassium in urine.

Question 6

The pharmacist is providing care to a patient who is undernourished. What assessment finding does the pharmacist anticipate for this patient?&#10;A) Chronic inflammatory bowel disease&#10;B) Eating disorders&#10;C) History of HIV/AIDS&#10;D) Loss of subcutaneous fat

Accepted Answer

Loss of subcutaneous fat is a direct consequence of undernutrition, as the body consumes its fat stores for energy in the absence of adequate dietary intake.

Question 7

Vitamins are inorganic compounds required by the body in small amounts for growth and for the maintenance of normal metabolic processes.

Accepted Answer

organic not inorganic

Question 8

Vitamin A is a precursor of retinal, a pigment needed for normal vision.

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A is converted into retinal, which is essential for the synthesis of rhodopsin, a pigment in the retina that plays a critical role in the ability to see in low light conditions.

Question 9

The RDA values represent the maximum amount of a vitamin or mineral needed to prevent a deficiency in a healthy adult.

Accepted Answer

minimum not maximum

Question 10

If a person is deficient in B12 because their intrinsic factor production is low, the best way to get the B12 will be by injection.

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the gut. If someone is deficient in intrinsic factor, they cannot effectively absorb B12 orally, making injections a more effective method to bypass the gut and ensure adequate B12 levels.

Question 11

Alcohol inhibits the absorption of thiamine and folic acid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alcohol inhibits the absorption of thiamine and...

Question 12

Required daily amounts of the major minerals are 20 mg or less.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Required daily amounts of the major minerals...

Question 13

TPN is able to provide all the patient's nutritional needs with solutions containing amino acids, fats, carbohydrate (as dextrose), electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of TPN is able to provide all the...

Question 14

List some causes of undernutrition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List some causes of undernutrition....

Question 15

How can you, as a technician, reduce the risk of overdose with vitamins?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can you, as a technician, reduce...

Question 16

List reasons that vitamin deficiencies may develop in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The answer of List reasons that vitamin deficiencies may develop...

Deck 30: Vitamins, Minerals, and Nutritional Supplments