Deck 11: Pharmacology of Emergency Medications

Question 1

The highest survival rate following cardiac arrest occurs in patients who:

A) receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation within 4 minutes.
B) receive medications via advanced cardiac life support within 8 minutes.
C) receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation within 6 minutes.
D) a and b.
E) b and c.

Answer 1

a and b.

Question 2

While experiencing cardiac arrest, Mr. Ferris is given ____, which is the pharmaceutical equivalent of adrenaline.

A) epinephrine
B) lidocaine
C) atropine
D) dopamine
E) sodium bicarbonate

Answer 2

epinephrine

Question 3

When Ms. Trent experiences hypotension in the hospital, secondary to congestive heart failure, she is given an intravenous infusion of dopamine. Her physician requests a high-dose dopamine treatment. A high dose is generally considered to be any dose ____ mcg/kg/min.

A) greater than 5
B) greater than 7.5
C) greater than 10
D) greater than 12
E) greater than 15

Answer 3

greater than 10

Question 4

The medical staff will monitor Ms. Trent for possible signs of:

A) hypertension.
B) cardiac dysrhythmias.
C) tachycardia.
D) b and c.
E) all of the above.

Question 5

β1 receptors:

A) play no apparent role in ROSC.
B) may contribute to increasing and sustaining blood pressure, with epinephrine stimulation.
C) increase cardiac output when stimulated at their myocardial site.
D) b and c.
E) all of the above.

Question 6

When stimulated, α1 receptors:

A) increase blood pressure, dilate the pupils, and decrease the ability to urinate and defecate.
B) decrease blood pressure, causing constipation.
C) increase heart rate, cardiac output, and dysrhythmias.
D) decrease blood pressure, open airways, and cause constipation.
E) b and d.

Question 7

Myocardial necrosis is a risk that can occur with ____ administration of epinephrine.

A) intravenous
B) intrapulmonary
C) intracardiac
D) intraosseous
E) endotracheal

Question 8

Mr. Bray is to receive an intravenous infusion of dopamine. This can be delivered:

A) via a controlled delivery device.
B) in a normal saline (NS) solution.
C) in 5% dextrose in water (D5W) solution.
D) a and c.
E) all of the above.

Question 9

Ms. Hammerhill experiences cardiac arrest. As life-saving measures are begun, she demonstrates hemodynamically significant bradycardia and abruptly flatlines. The drug she will most likely be given is:

A) lidocaine.
B) epinephrine.
C) atropine.
D) dopamine.
E) sodium bicarbonate.

Question 10

If Mr. Vega receives atropine via slow intravenous push:

A) it should range from 0.5 to 1 mg every 3 to 5 minutes until the desired heart rate is achieved.
B) its half-life can be extended over what is expected with rapid IV push.
C) he may experience a further, lethal decrease in heart rate.
D) a and b.
E) all of the above.

Question 11

Ms. Harper receives lidocaine to treat her ventricular tachycardia. However, after administration, she begins to develop signs of psychosis, seizures, and respiratory depression. Ms. Harper has never experienced any of these symptoms before. This most likely indicates that her lidocaine:

A) was infused too rapidly.
B) was given in excessive doses.
C) interacted with another drug Ms. Harper was taking.
D) a and b.
E) all of the above.

Question 12

High doses of epinephrine generally result in:

A) beta receptor predominance.
B) alpha receptor predominance.
C) constriction of arterioles and increased blood pressure.
D) a and c.
E) b and c.

Question 13

Although it is not her physician's first choice for treatment of cardiac arrest, when Mrs. Traynor begins to experience ____, her physician administers sodium bicarbonate.

A) severe metabolic acidosis
B) severe respiratory acidosis
C) severe metabolic alkalosis
D) a and b.
E) b and c.

Question 14

Mrs. Traynor experiences extravasation of sodium bicarbonate. Now she must be monitored for:

A) tissue necrosis.
B) cellulitis.
C) ulceration.
D) a and b.
E) all of the above.