Deck 6: Classification, Chemistry, and Pharmacology of Contrast Agents

Question 1

Body parts whose tissues are particularly low contrast include the:

A) blood vessels.
B) kidneys and biliary tree.
C) stomach and intestines.
D) b and c.
E) all of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

Why are the tissues in question 1 particularly low contrast?

A) They tend to be lower in atomic number than other, more easily visualized tissues.
B) They tend to have less mass density than some other tissues.
C) They tend to lie deeper within body cavities.
D) a and b.
E) b and c.

Answer 2

a and b.

Question 3

In roentgenography, derivations of triiodinated benzoic acid include:

A) iodamide.
B) diatrizoate.
C) barium.
D) a and b.
E) all of the above.

Answer 3

a and b.

Question 4

Iodine molecules are responsible for the silhouette images projected on radiographic film because they:

A) absorb photons.
B) allow more photons to pass through for projection onto the radiograph.
C) act as a form of barium by preventing or slowing the dilution of osmotic particles.
D) prevent fluid in extravascular spaces from being drawn into the bloodstream.
E) c and d.

Question 5

Osmolality:

A) controls the distribution and movement of water between body compartments.
B) is the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water.
C) is the number of milliosmoles per liter of solution.
D) a and b.
E) a and c.

Question 6

____ ROCM are supplied in nonsalt forms.

A) High-osmolality ionic
B) Low-osmolality nonionic
C) Low-osmolality ionic
D) a and b
E) b and c

Question 7

The newer low-osmolality ionic ROCM:

A) contain three iodine atoms per molecule and do not dissociate in solution.
B) are referred to as ratio-1.5 media.
C) are considered to be ratio-3.0 media.
D) a and b.
E) a and c.

Question 8

Intravascular ROCM:

A) have high percentage lipid (fat) solubility.
B) consist of large molecules.
C) do not cross cellular membranes well.
D) a and b.
E) b and c.

Question 9

Patients with renal impairment:

A) demonstrate opacified biliary and GI tracts when given intravascular ROCM.
B) eliminate as much as 100% of intravascular ROCM within 24 hours.
C) exhibit higher opacification in the kidneys.
D) a and c.
E) all of the above.

Question 10

Iodamide meglumine:

A) is eliminated principally by the kidneys.
B) is not effective in cholecystography and cholangiography.
C) has been replaced by ultrasonography and CT scanning.
D) a and c only.
E) all of the above.

Question 11

Diatrizoate meglumine and diatrizoate sodium solutions are:

A) generally used when barium sulfate suspension is potentially harmful.
B) used when low osmolality is desired.
C) preferred over barium sulfate suspension in CT because of less artifact production.
D) a and b only.
E) a and c only.

Question 12

____ tablets are used for opacifying the gallbladder.

A) Diatrizoate meglumine
B) Iocetamic acid
C) Barium sulfate
D) Iodamide meglumine
E) None of the above